Sarcodia suae modulates the immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio alginolyticus via the purine metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism.

Red seaweeds have several biofunctional properties, including immunomodulatory, antitumor, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. In this study, we examined the effects of diets containing Sarcodia suae on the immune response, immune-related gene expressions, and disease resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In addition, H NMR metabolomics was applied to analyze the metabolites extracted from shrimp fed with S.

Highly selective extraction of uranium from wastewater using amine-bridged diacetamide-functionalized silica.

A major environmental concern related to nuclear energy is wastewater contaminated with uranium, thus necessitating the development of pollutant-reducing materials with efficiency and effectiveness. Herein, highly selective mesoporous silicas functionalized with amine-bridged diacetamide ligands SBA-15-ABDMA were prepared. Different spectroscopy techniques were used to probe the chemical environment and reactivity of the chelating ligands before and after sorption.

[Evolution and transition of source of Patrinia Herba and Patrinia Radix].

Both Patrinia Herba and Patrinia Radix are traditional Chinese herbal medicines. The herbal source and medicinal part of them are confusing in the herbal medicine market of China. To explore the evolution and transition of the herbal source and medicinal part of Patrinia Herba and Patrinia Radix, this paper systematically summarizes the record of the herbal source and medicinal part of them in ancient classics of herbal medicine in China.

[Sensitivity Study of Aerosol Properties from Observation of Atmospheric Ring Effect].

Ring effect is defined as the phenomenon that the depth of solar Fraunhofer lines in scattered light is less than those observed in direct sunlight. The aerosol could change the light path and the scattering properties in the atmospheric, and influence Raman Scattering Possibility of the photons, and finally affect the filling-up effect. Aerosol parameters (aerosol optical depth, boundary layer height, single scattering albedo, asymmetric factor) could be obtained by observation of the Ring effect in different aerosol condition.

[Retrieval of NO2 total vertical columns by direct-sun differential optical absorption spectroscopy].

An appropriate reference spectrum is essential for the direct-sun differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DS-DOAS). It depends on the real reference spectrum to retrieve the total vertical column density (VCD). The spectrum detected at the time with minimum sun zenith angle under the relative clear atmospheric condition in the measurement period was conventionally selected as the reference spectrum.

[Studies on the remote measurement of the emission of formaldehyde by mobile differential optical absorption spectroscopy].

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is the most abundant carbonyl compounds that play an important role in atmospheric chemistry and photochemical reactions. Formaldehyde is an important indicator of atmospheric reactivity and urban atmospheric aerosol precursors. In the present paper, the emission of formaldehyde from chemical area was measured using the mobile differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS).

[Atmospheric HCHO gradient monitoring and analysis in Beijing City with a scanning DOAS system].

Scanning differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique combined with meteorological tower was used for monitoring vertical profiles of SO2, NO2, O3, HCHO and HONO along three light paths in Beijing City during July 28, 2009 to August 13, 2009. As a result, the time series of concentrations and vertical gradient of HCHO as well as other gases were acquired. By analyzing the vertical distribution frequency characteristics of HCHO, data of other gases and meteorological data, it was concluded that the main source of HCHO is vehicles emissions around the measurement site.

[Studies on the remote measurement of the distribution of city gaseous pollutant by mobile passive differential optical absorption spectroscopy].

An optical remote sensing method based on passive differential optical absorption spectroscopy for the measurement of the distribution of city gaseous pollutant was studied. The passive DOAS system, which was installed in a car, successively measures the interested area (such as city, industrial area) and the column density was obtained by DOAS fitting process using the zenith scattered sunlight. The mobile DOAS was applied to measurement in Shenzhen City during the continuous six days and got the distribution of SO2, NO2 in this paper.

Docosahexaenoic acid is superior to eicosapentaenoic acid as the essential fatty acid for growth of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus.

Juvenile grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) were fed seven experimental diets, one control diet and one reference diet for 12 wk to determine the dietary requirement of grouper for docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids. Each of the seven diets contained 1 g/100 g DHA and EPA in various combinations and 9 g/100 g tristearin. The control diet contained 1 g/100 g trilinolenin and trilinolein (3:1, wt/wt), and no supplemental EPA or DHA.