The relationship between the Huanglongbing pathogen and Diaphorina citri with body color polyphenism: field dynamics, acquisition efficiency, and immunity response.

Background: Phenotypic plasticity is generally regarded as a crucial adaptation that enables organisms to survive in the face of environmental changes. Diaphorina citri, a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that causes citrus Huanglongbing, displays three distinct body color morphotypes: blue/green, gray/brown, and orange/yellow morphs. Here, dynamics monitoring of D.

Facile Synthesis of Polyethylene Glycol Passivated N-doping CQDs as Fluorescent Probe for Multi-Target Simultaneous Detection in Heavy-Metals Solution.

In order to quickly and conveniently detect multiple heavy metal ions in aqueous phase simultaneously, a polyethylene glycol passivated N-doping carbon quantum (p-N-CQDs) was synthesized by a hydrothermal method with citric acid (carbon source), urea (nitrogen source) and polyethylene glycol (passivator). The as-prepared p-N-CQDs could be evenly dispersed in deionized water, and the average diameter was 1.83 nm, resulting in 18.

Long-term efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell treatment for complex perianal fistulas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Complex perianal fistula, which is characterized by high occurrence and is difficult to treat with current surgical techniques, negatively affects the life quality of patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a new innovative therapy in recent years due to their potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Considering the high recurrence rate of complex perianal fistula, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the long-term effects of MSCs on complex perianal fistula.

The serine palmitoyltransferase core subunit StLcb2 regulates sphingolipid metabolism and promotes Setosphaeria turcica pathogenicity by modulating appressorium development.

The fungal pathogen Setosphaeria turcica (S. turcica) causes northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), resulting in significant yield and economic losses in maize. To elucidate the metabolic pathways essential for its pathogenicity, we investigated the metabolome of S.

Design the fusion double-strand RNAs to control two global sap-sucking pests.

RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective pest management strategy through silencing the crucial genes in target organisms. However, the effectiveness of targeting a single gene is often limited by the silencing efficiency due to tissue or developmental stage-specific gene expression. Moreover, multiple pests often infest the same crop simultaneously under current ecological conditions.

Integrative Graph-Based Framework for Predicting circRNA Drug Resistance Using Disease Contextualization and Deep Learning.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in gene regulation and have been implicated in the development of drug resistance in cancer, representing a significant challenge in oncological therapeutics. Despite advancements in computational models predicting RNA-drug interactions, existing frameworks often overlook the complex interplay between circRNAs, drug mechanisms, and disease contexts. This study aims to bridge this gap by introducing a novel computational model, circRDRP, that enhances prediction accuracy by integrating disease-specific contexts into the analysis of circRNA-drug interactions.

microRNA maintains nutrient homeostasis in the symbiont-host interaction.

Endosymbionts provide essential nutrients for hosts, promoting growth, development, and reproduction. However, the molecular regulation of nutrient transport from endosymbiont to host is not well understood. Here, we used bioinformatic analysis, RNA-Sequencing, luciferase assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and in situ hybridization to show that a bacteriocyte-distributed gene (multidrug resistance-associated protein 4) is negatively regulated by a host (aphid)-specific microRNA (miR-3024).

The genome sequencing and comparative genomics analysis of Rhizoctonia solani reveals a novel effector family owning a uinque domain in Basidiomycetes.

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne pathogen with 14 anastomosis groups (AGs), and different subgroups are genetically diverse. However, the genetic factors contributing to the pathogenicity of the fungus have not been well characterized. In this study, the genome of R.

Molecular characterization revealed the role of thaumatin-like proteins of AG4-JY in inducing maize disease resistance.

The gene family of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) plays a crucial role in the adaptation of organisms to environmental stresses. In recent years, fungal secreted proteins (SP) with inducing disease resistance activity in plants have emerged as important elicitors in the control of fungal diseases. Identifying SPs with inducing disease resistance activity and studying their mechanisms are crucial for controlling sheath blight.

Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Ultrasound Classification of Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis.

Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) is a zoonotic disease that occurs when the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus parasitize the livers of humans and mammals. HCE has five subtypes, and accurate subtype classification is critical for choosing a treatment strategy. To evaluate the clinical utility of artificial intelligence (AI) based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the classification of HCE subtypes via ultrasound imaging, we collected ultrasound images from 4,012 HCE patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between 2008 and 2020.

N-Doping CQDs as an Efficient Fluorescence Probe Based on Dynamic Quenching for Determination of Copper Ions and Alcohol Sensing in Baijiu.

To address an accurate detection of heavy metal ions in Baijiu production, a nitrogen-doping carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) was prepared by hydrothermal method from citric acid and urea. The as-prepared N-CQDs had an average particle size of 2.74 nm, and a large number of functional groups (amino, carbonyl group, etc.

Impact of immediate postrecanalization cooling on outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients with a large ischemic core: prospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with large acute ischemic strokes (AIS) often have a poor prognosis despite successful recanalization due to multiple factors including reperfusion injury. The authors aim to describe our preliminary experience of endovascular cooling in patients with a large AIS after recanalization.

Methods: From January 2021 to July 2022, AIS patients presenting with large infarcts (defined as ASPECTS ≤5 on noncontrast CT or ischemic core ≥50 ml on CT perfusion) who achieved successful recanalization after endovascular treatment were analyzed in a prospective registry.

Modeling Nicotine-Induced Chlorine Loss in Drinking Water Using Updated EPANET-MSX.

Multispecies water quality modeling is critical for simulating complex chemical reactions in drinking water distribution systems. An updated EPANET 2.2-compatible version of EPANET multi-species eXtension (EPANET-MSX) was used, which included dispersion and improved mass balance reporting, to simulate an experimental study.

gene is required for filamentous growth, conidial development, and pathogenicity in .

, the fungal pathogen responsible for northern corn leaf blight in maize, forms specialized infectious structures called appressoria that are critical for fungal penetration of maize epidermal cells. The Rab family of proteins play a crucial role in the growth, development, and pathogenesis of many eukaryotic species. Rab4, in particular, is a key regulator of endocytosis and vesicle trafficking, essential for filamentous growth and successful infection by other fungal pathogens.

Body color plasticity of Diaphorina citri reflects a response to environmental stress.

Body color polyphenism is common in Diaphorina citri. Previous studies compared physiological characteristics in D. citri, but the ecological and biological significance of its body color polyphenism remains poorly understood.

Bursicon regulates wing expansion via PKA in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis.

Background: Bursicon is a heterodimeric neuropeptide that is involved in many physiological activities such as cuticle tanning, wing expansion, reproduction and immunity in insects. In this study, the role of bursicon in the wing expansion was investigated in Bactrocera dorsalis, an important invasive insect pest in agriculture.

Results: The cDNA sequences and deduced amino acids of bursicon genes (named BdBurs-α and BdBurs-β) were determined, and two proteins typically contained 11 cysteine residues in conserved positions that were highly conserved in other insect species.

Random Walk Particle Tracking to Model Dispersion in Steady Laminar and Turbulent Pipe Flow.

To accurately model a two-dimensional solute transport in drinking water pipes and determine the effective dispersion coefficients for one-dimensional water quality models of water distribution systems, a random walk particle tracking approach was developed to analyze the advection and dispersion processes in circular pipes. The approach considers a solute particle's two-dimensional random movement caused by molecular or turbulent diffusion and associated velocity profile, and can simulate any mixing time and accurately model the longitudinal distribution of the solute concentration. For long mixing times, the simulation results agreed with a previous analytically derived solution.

Pressure dependent analysis in premise plumbing system modeling.

Modeling premise plumbing systems requires accurate treatment of fixture-specific pressure and flow rate relationships. Each fixture in a building may experience different flow rates based on variable service pressure, its unique pressure-flow behavior, and demands throughout the building. Unique experimentally derived pressure-flow parameters for four faucets, a shower/tub fixture, and toilet were developed.

Densification of SiCp/Al-Fe-V-Si Composites by the Wedge Rolling Method.

The densification of a SiCp/Al-Fe-V-Si billet was achieved by reducing the pores and oxide film between the particles by rolling. The wedge pressing method was used to improve the formability of the composite after jet deposition. The key parameters, mechanisms, and laws of wedge compaction were studied.

Environmental Factors Affect the Bacterial Community in , an Important Vector of " Liberibacter asiaticus".

Insects are associated with diverse microbial communities that can have substantial effects on hosts. Here, we characterized the bacterial communities in the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a major vector of the devastating pathogen " Liberibacter asiaticus," which causes citrus Huanglongbing (HLB). In total, 256 ACP individuals across 15 field sites and one laboratory population in China were sequenced.

Relative Water Age in Premise Plumbing Systems Using an Agent-Based Modeling Framework.

Tools used to predict hydraulics and water quality within premise plumbing systems have gained recent interest. An open-source Python-based tool-PPMtools-for modeling and analyzing premise plumbing systems with WNTR or EPANET is presented. A relative water age-the time water has spent in a home-study using three real-world single-family homes was used to demonstrate PPMtools.