Polymorphisms in MX2 Gene Are Related with SCS in Chinese Dairy Cows.

Viral infections can play direct or indirect roles in the etiology of the bovine mastitis. Mx dynamin-like GTPase 2 (MX2) gene is a main effector of the antiviral innate immune defense mediated by type I interferon (IFN I), which was demonstrated to confer positive antiviral responses to many viruses. Given the importance of the MX2 in modulating the host immune response, MX2 gene may be a suitable candidate gene for studying disease resistance in dairy cattle.

Application of mixed cloud point extraction for the analysis of six flavonoids in Apocynum venetum leaf samples by high performance liquid chromatography.

A simple, inexpensive and efficient method based on the mixed cloud point extraction (MCPE) combined with high performance liquid chromatography was developed for the simultaneous separation and determination of six flavonoids (rutin, hyperoside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, isoquercitrin, astragalin and quercetin) in Apocynum venetum leaf samples. The non-ionic surfactant Genapol X-080 and cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was chosen as the mixed extracting solvent. Parameters that affect the MCPE processes, such as the content of Genapol X-080 and CTAB, pH, salt content, extraction temperature and time were investigated and optimized.

Simultaneous separation and determination of four phenylethanoid glycosides in rat plasma sample after oral administration of Cistanche salsa extract by microemulsion liquid chromatography.

A simple, rapid and specific method was developed to separate as well as to determine the four phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) (echinacoside, tubuloside B, acteoside and isoacteoside) in rat plasma after oral administration of Cistanche salsa extract by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography using a microemulsion as the mobile phase. The separations were performed on a Zorbax Extend-C18 column at 25°C. Photodiode-array detector was conducted at 322nm and with a flow rate of 0.

Application of two-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the study of the echinacoside pharmacokinetics in Parkinson's disease rat plasma.

A simple and solvent-minimized sample preparation technique based on two-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) was developed and used to quantify the echinacoside in Parkinson's disease rat plasma following oral administration. Analysis was accomplished by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection. The influence factors relevant to the HF-LPME processes were optimized.

Orthogonal array design for optimization of hollow-fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for study of the pharmacokinetics of magnoflorine in rat plasma.

In this work, a new sample-preparation method based on hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) was developed for analysis of magnoflorine in rat plasma. Analysis was accomplished by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with ultraviolet detection by use of a photodiode-array detector. An orthogonal array design (OAD) was found to be effective for optimization of major conditions which may affect the efficiency of HF-LPME.

Application of hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the study of the osthole pharmacokinetics in cerebral ischemia hypoperfusion rat plasma.

A simple and solvent-minimized sample preparation technique based on two-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction has been developed and used to quantify the osthole in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rat plasma following oral administration. The analysis was performed by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Extraction conditions such as solvent identity, agitation rate, salt concentration, extraction time, and length of the hollow fiber were optimized.

Development and application of high-performance liquid chromatography for the study of ampelopsin pharmacokinetics in rat plasma using cloud-point extraction.

A simple, rapid and specific method based on cloud-point extraction (CPE) was developed to determine ampelopsin in rat plasma after oral administration by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The non-ionic surfactant Genapol X-080 was chosen as the extract solvent. Some important parameters affecting the CPE efficiency, such as the nature and concentration of surfactant, extraction temperature and time, centrifuge time and salt effect, were investigated and optimized.