Survival analysis of patients with metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with metastasis-directed radiotherapy and immunotherapy.

Objective: Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy is currently the first-line treatment for metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aims to evaluate whether adding metastasis-directed radiotherapy (MDRT) to immunotherapy and chemotherapy could improve the survival rate of patients with metastatic HNSCC.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with HNSCC who developed distant metastases after curative treatment.

Observation of higher-order time-dislocation topological modes.

Topological dislocation modes resulting from the interplay between spatial dislocations and momentum-space topology have recently attracted significant interest. Here, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate time-dislocation topological modes which are induced by the interplay between temporal dislocations and Floquet-band topology. By utilizing an extra physical dimension to represent the frequency-space lattice, we implement a two-dimensional Floquet higher-order topological phase and observe time-dislocation induced π-mode topological corner modes in a three-dimensional circuit metamaterial.

The Effect of Rabdosia rubescens on Radiotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Phase II Clinical Study.

Purpose: Radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis is the most common side effect in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Rabdosia rubescens drop pills in NPC patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis (RTOM).

Methods: The study involved 40 NPC patients who were given Rabdosia rubescens drop pills thrice daily from the start of radiation therapy.

Observation of Photonic Mobility Edge Phases.

Inverse Anderson localizations in lower dimensions predict that, as the hopping rates increase, all localized eigenmodes transition to extended states. Here, through the implementation of a mosaic quasiperiodic photonic waveguide lattice, we experimentally demonstrate a distinctive scenario, where the intermediate-energy eigenmodes become extended, while the low- or high-energy eigenmodes remain localized, leading to the emergence of energy-dependent Anderson localization transitions and mobility edge phases. Our experiment is enabled by developing an adiabatic procedure to prepare the photonic lattice into the zero-energy, lower and upper middle-energy, and ground and highest excited eigenmodes and subsequently measuring their localization properties.

Daurisoline Inhibits Progression of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Regulating the γ-Secretase/Notch Axis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is challenging to treat and lacks targeted therapeutic drugs in the clinic. Natural active ingredients provide promising opportunities for discovering and developing targeted therapies for TNBC. This study investigated the effects of daurisoline on TNBC and elucidated its potential mechanisms.

Symptom network analysis of insomnia-depression-anxiety-stigma in tuberculosis patients.

Background: Insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stigma are prevalent and often coexist in patients with Tuberculosis (TB), potentially exacerbating one another. However, the complex intrinsic associations among these four disorders remain unclear, particularly concerning the role of stigma in relation to the other disorders.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at West China Hospital and the Fourth People's Hospital of Guangxi from November 2023 to June 2024.

Efficacy of radiotherapy in treating local recurrence concomitant with distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a long-term retrospective multicenter study.

Purpose: Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) experiencing locoregional recurrence concomitant with distant metastases (rmNPC) after initial treatment represent a unique subgroup with significant management challenges. This study aimed to evaluate overall survival (OS) in rmNPC patients treated with systemic therapies with or without radiotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients with locally recurrent and metastatic NPC from five hospitals.

Association of body mass index with disability in activities of daily living in older adults: a systematic review of the literature based on longitudinal data.

Background: The influence of Body Mass Index (BMI) on the functional capacity for daily activities in older adults is a significant concern. Our study is designed to delineate the longitudinal relationship between BMI and the ability of daily living activities among older adults.

Methods: Two researchers conducted a comprehensive literature search and independent screening of articles in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), and Wanfang, covering the period from January 2000 to May 2024.

Mechanically Stable and Damage Resistant Freestanding Ultrathin Silver Nanowire Films with Closely Packed Crossed-Lamellar Structure.

One-dimensional (1D) functional nanowires are widely used as nanoscale building blocks for assembling advanced nanodevices due to their unique functionalities. However, previous research has mainly focused on nanowire functionality, while neglecting the structural stability and damage resistance of nanowire assemblies, which are critical for the long-term operation of nanodevices. Biomaterials achieve excellent mechanical stability and damage resistance through sophisticated structural design.

Association between geriatric nutritional risk index and adverse outcomes in critical ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cohort study of 2824 older adults.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly, resulting in high rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Malnutrition is common in elderly patients and has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with COPD. However, its impact in the ICU setting remains incompletely defined.

Association between muscular atrophy and mortality risk in patients with COPD: a systematic review.

Background: Muscular atrophy often can be seen at the end of stage in many chronic diseases. It will also negatively influence patients' outcomes. Different studies showed that the association between muscular atrophy and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was unclear.

Glutathione Induced In Situ Activation of Dual-Locked Cuproptosis Nanoamplifier with Glycolysis Metabolism Inhibition to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy.

Interference with glycolysis metabolism not only promotes the efficient sensitization of cuproptosis, but also amplifies cytotoxic T cell functions and proliferations, thus contributing to relieve immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the synergistic mechanism and the design of multicomponent nanoformulations involving these three pathways have not yet been explored. a copper-coordinated nanoassembly (designated as Cu-GM) is reported here that integrates a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, galloflavin (GF), with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, myricetin (MY), to boost cancer cuproptosis-immunotherapy.

Deciphering pollution sources and mechanisms controlling groundwater chemistry in a typical dense agricultural plain on Yungui Plateau.

Groundwater is a critical resource for economic growth and livelihoods in the dense agricultural plains of plateaus. However, contaminations from various sources pose significant threats to groundwater quality. Understanding the sources of groundwater contamination and the mechanisms of hydrochemical control is essential for the sustainable development of agriculturally intensive plains.

Impact of COVID-19 on acute angle-closure attack: A retrospective study.

To systematically review the characteristics of patients experiencing acute angle closure (AAC) attacks during the COVID-19 outbreak in Beijing. Patients with AAC attacks during the COVID-19 epidemic and those in the same period the following year were recruited. Demographic characteristics, ocular biometry, ocular signs, sequential relationships, and the prognosis of operative management outcome were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.

Association Between Metabolic and Obesity Phenotypes and Diabetes Risk in Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: Diabetes is a significant public health concern worldwide, having increased rapidly in recent decades among younger generations. The correlation between metabolic/obesity phenotypes and the development of pre-diabetes in children and adolescents remains unclear.

Methods: This study aimed to explore this association within a cohort of 1,524 subjects aged 7 to 18 years.

Trametinib and M17, a novel small molecule inhibitor of AKT, display a synergistic antitumor effect in triple negative breast cancer cells through the AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis and limited response to traditional chemotherapy, necessitating the exploration of novel treatment approaches. Recent researches have highlighted the interconnected roles of the PI3K/AKT pathway and MAPK pathway in TNBC cells, contributing to the efficacy of treatments. Therefore, the concurrent inhibition of both pathways presents a potential new therapeutic strategy for TNBC patients.

Perceived protective behavioral changes in Chinese residents post-dynamic zero-COVID policy lifting: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate how Chinese residents perceived changes in their protective behaviors in the early stage after the lifting of the dynamic zero-COVID policy, and to explore the associations between the overall perceived change and factors such as demographic and health-related information, COVID-19 related perceptions, negative emotions, and coping styles.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 798 Chinese residents who completed an online questionnaire between 16 and 25 December 2022. The questionnaire covered demographic and health-related information, COVID-19 related perceptions, negative emotions, coping styles, and perceived changes in protective behaviors.

Median nerve electrical stimulation for restoring consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the prevalent critical illnesses encountered in clinical practice, often resulting in a spectrum of consciousness disorders among survivors. Prolonged states of impaired consciousness can significantly elevate the susceptibility to complications such as urinary tract infections and pulmonary issues, consequently leading to a compromised prognosis and substantially impacting the quality of life for affected individuals. Clinical studies have reported that median nerve electrical stimulation (MNES) may have a therapeutic effect in the treatment of disorders of consciousness (DOC).

CYP5122A1 encodes an essential sterol C4-methyl oxidase in Leishmania donovani and determines the antileishmanial activity of antifungal azoles.

Visceral leishmaniasis is a life-threatening parasitic disease, but current antileishmanial drugs have severe drawbacks. Antifungal azoles inhibit the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 51 enzymes which are responsible for removing the C14α-methyl group of lanosterol, a key step in ergosterol biosynthesis in Leishmania. However, they exhibit varying degrees of antileishmanial activities in culture, suggesting the existence of unrecognized molecular targets.

Predicting High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy Failure in Patients With Acute Hypoxaemic Respiratory Failure Using Machine Learning: Model Development and External Validation.

Aims And Objectives: To develop and validate a prediction model for high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF).

Background: AHRF accounts for a major proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and is associated with high mortality. HFNC is a non-invasive respiratory support technique that can improve patient oxygenation.

Molecular Characterization of Sterol C4-Methyl Oxidase in .

Sterol biosynthesis requires the oxidative removal of two methyl groups from the C-4 position by sterol C-4-demethylase and one methyl group from the C-14 position by sterol C-14-demethylase. In , a CYP5122A1 (Cytochrome P450 family 5122A1) protein was recently identified as the bona fide sterol C-4 methyl oxidase catalyzing the initial steps of C-4-demethylation. Besides CYP5122A1, parasites possess orthologs to ERG25 (ergosterol pathway gene 25), the canonical sterol C-4 methyl oxidase in .

Phase II study of enlonstobart (SG001), a novel PD-1 inhibitor in patients with PD-L1 positive recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab is the first-line treatment for patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (r/mCC), and the treatment options are limited for r/mCC after first-line treatment. Enlonstobart (SG001) is a fully humanized and high-affinity anti-PD-1 immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody. Previous phase Ib study demonstrated that SG001 had a promising efficacy in patients with PD-L1 positive r/mCC.