Prediction of trough concentration and ALK occupancy in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of crizotinib, alectinib, and lorlatinib.

Brain metastases occur in approximately 30% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Therefore, the free drug concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is strongly associated with the clinical efficacy. The present study aimed to develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models that can predict the steady-state trough concentration (C) in plasma and CSF, as well as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) occupancy (AO), for three inhibitors: crizotinib (CRI), alectinib (ALE), and lorlatinib (LOR).

WITHDRAWN: Effect of shRNA‑mediated knockdown EBF1 gene expression on the proliferation of lung cancer cell line A549 and .

The paper entitled "Effect of shRNA‑mediated knockdown EBF1 gene expression on the proliferation of lung cancer cell line A549 and " by Lin Wang et al, which was published online on 16 March 2023, has been withdrawn at the authors' request.

Spatiotemporal modulation of SMAD4 by HBx is required for cellular proliferation in hepatitis B-related liver cancer.

Purpose: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is known that HBV-encoded X protein (HBx) can induce genetic alterations in some oncogenes and that SMAD4 is relevant for the development of some cancers, especially HBV-related HCC. Previously, it has been reported that HBx can promote SMAD4 protein expression in liver fibrosis and HCC but, as yet, its regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated.

Clinical Analysis of Bloodstream Infection of in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer from 2011 to 2019.

Background: Pancreatic cancer patients were particularly predisposed to develop bloodstream infection (BSI); however, little information is currently available. We set out to find BSI's risk factors in pancreatic cancer to provide valuable experience.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pancreatic cancer patients (31 cases with BSI and 93 cases without BSI) by a case-control study.

Plasma heat shock protein 90alpha as a biomarker for the diagnosis of liver cancer: in patients with different clinicopathologic characteristics.

Purposes: The purposes of this study were to assess the correlation between the plasma level of Hsp90α and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with liver cancer and compare the diagnostic efficacy of Hsp90α, AFP, CEA, and CA199 in HCC.

Experimental Design: A total of 200 individuals, including 140 patients with liver cancer or benign liver diseases and 60 healthy people, were enrolled for quantitative measurement of plasma Hsp90α by ELISA.

Results: The plasma level of Hsp90α was significantly different between patients with liver cancer or benign liver diseases and healthy controls (P < 0.

Serum Exosomal EphA2 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the worst prognoses amongst all malignant diseases. It is therefore of great significance to identify biomarkers with predictive clinical value for the prognosis and recurrence of PC.

Methods: In our study, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of Exo-EphA2 in the serum of PC patients and controls.

PIVKA-II serves as a potential biomarker that complements AFP for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system and has high morbidity and mortality rates. It is essential to search new biomarkers to improve the accuracy of early HCC diagnosis. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic value of prothrombin induced by vitamin K deficiency or antagonist- II (PIVKA-II) as a potential biomarker that complements α-fetoprotein (AFP) in HCC by detecting the serum PIVKA-II levels.

Linear and Nonlinear Two-Terminal Spin-Valve Effect from Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity.

Various mechanisms of electrical generation of spin polarization in materials have been a subject of broad interest for their underlying physics and device potential in spintronics. One such scheme is chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), with which structural chirality leads to different electric conductivities for electrons of opposite spins. The resulting effect of spin filtering has been reported for a number of chiral molecules assembled on different surfaces.

EphA2‑enriched exosomes promote cell migration and are a potential diagnostic serum marker in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide and is characterized by high invasiveness and early metastasis. To identify novel diagnostic markers, the present study aimed to understand the mechanism underlying PC progression. The present study demonstrated that exosomes derived from the highly metastatic Panc‑1 PC cell line were internalized by a low metastatic cell line, resulting in increased migration of the latter.

Effect of nanocavities on Ge nanoclustering and out-diffusion in SiO.

Germanium nanocrystals (Ge-ncs) were synthesized by implantation of Ge ions into the fused silica, followed by a thermal annealing at 1000 °C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was employed to characterize both the morphology of the formed Ge-ncs and the evolution of their depth-distribution as a function of annealing durations. The formation of nanocavities in the vicinity of nanocrystal/SiO interface is evidenced, as well as their influence on the release of the compressive stress exerted on Ge-ncs by surrounding SiO.

Mechanistical investigation on the self-enhanced photocatalytic activity of CuO/CuO hybrid nanostructures by density functional theory calculations.

The photocatalytic mechanism of a CuO/CuO hybrid system is disclosed in detail by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The synergistic relationship of the two counterparts is confirmed by hydrogen peroxide (HO) formation on the CuO nanowires and dissociation on the CuO nanoparticles; this enables the system to self-sufficiently produce hydroxyl radicals, which is highly efficient in the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The exposed surfaces are found to be crucial in the cooperative photocatalytic system, especially the CuO(111) surface, in the dissociation of HO.

Defect-induced enhanced photocatalytic activities of reduced α-Fe2O3 nanoblades.

Bicrystalline α-Fe2O3 nanoblades (NBs) synthesized by thermal oxidation of iron foils were reduced in vacuum, to study the effect of reduction treatment on microstructural changes and photocatalytic properties. After the vacuum reduction, most bicrystalline α-Fe2O3 NBs transform into single-layered NBs, which contain more defects such as oxygen vacancies, perfect dislocations and dense pores. By comparing the photodegradation capability of non-reduced and reduced α-Fe2O3 NBs over model dye rhodamine B (RhB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, we find that vacuum-reduction induced microstructural defects can significantly enhance the photocatalytic efficiency.

BMP9 inhibits the bone metastasis of breast cancer cells by downregulating CCN2 (connective tissue growth factor, CTGF) expression.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which belong to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, regulate a wide range of cellular responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and apoptosis. BMP9, the latest BMP to be discovered, is reportedly expressed in a variety of human carcinoma cell lines, but the role of BMP9 in breast cancer has not been fully clarified. In a previous study, BMP9 was found to inhibit the growth, migration, and invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

BMP9 inhibits the proliferation and invasiveness of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231.

Background: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is known to promote tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β superfamily. Several BMPs (BMP2 and BMP7) can enhance the invasion and bone metastasis of breast cancer cells.