Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivity of Novel Coumarin-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives Containing a Thioether Quinoline Moiety.

A series of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid derivatives containing a thioether quinoline moiety were designed and synthesized. The structures of these compounds were determined using H NMR, C NMR, and HRMS. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated against pv (), (), and ().

Plasma CircCYP24A1 as a Novel Biomarker of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: A clinical challenge in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains the lack of applicable plasma biomarkers for screening and diagnosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) hold great potential as biomarkers for cancer. The study aims to explore a circRNA as a potential plasma biomarker for screening strategies and diagnostic approaches to ESCC.

Non-Invasive and Quantitative Evaluation for Disuse Muscle Atrophy Caused by Immobilization After Limb Fracture Based on Surface Electromyography Analysis.

Background: The clinical evaluation for disuse muscle atrophy usually depends on qualitative rating indicators with subjective judgments of doctors and some invasive measurement methods such as needle electromyography. Surface electromyography, as a non-invasive method, has been widely used in the detection of muscular and neurological diseases in recent years. In this paper, we explore how to evaluate disuse muscle atrophy based on surface electromyography; Methods: Firstly, we conducted rat experiments using hind-limb suspension to create a model of disuse muscle atrophy.

Investigation of Sn Promoter on Ni/CeO Catalysts for Enhanced Acetylene Semihydrogenation to Ethylene.

Ethylene, as an important chemical raw material, could be produced through the coal-based acetylene hydrogenation route. Nickel-based catalysts demonstrate significant activity in the semihydrogenation reaction of acetylene, but they encounter challenges related to catalyst deactivation and overhydrogenation. Herein, the effect of Sn promoter on Ni/CeO catalysts has been comprehensively explored for acetylene semihydrogenation.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of lupeol: A review of its mechanisms, clinical applications, and advances in bioavailability enhancement.

Lupeol, a naturally occurring triterpenoid, has garnered significant attention for its diverse range of biological activities and potential therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review delves into the various aspects of lupeol, including its sources, extraction methods, chemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics, safety evaluation, mechanisms of action, and applications in disease treatment. We highlight the compound's unique carbon skeleton and its role in inflammation regulation, antioxidant activity, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects.

Effects of ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy with different fractions and dose rate on acute and chronic lung injury in mice.

Ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy (FLASH radiation) can naturally render normal tissues around the tumor tissue resistant to radiotherapy. In contrast, the tumor tissue remains sensitive to radiation under the same conditions. However, the effects of different fractions and dose rates on FLASH radiation remain unclear.

The C-H···S-S hydrogen bonding in diethyl disulfide⋯difluoromethane: a combined microwave spectroscopic and computational study.

The C-H⋯S weak interaction is crucial for comprehending the stability in biological macromolecules and their interactions with smaller molecules. Despite its prevalence, an in-depth understanding and recognition of such interaction remain elusive. Herein, the rotational spectra of a binary complex formed by diethyl disulfide and difluoromethane were investigated using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations to examine the C-H⋯S-S interaction.

Coordinate-Corrected and Graph-Convolution-Based Hand Pose Estimation Method.

To address the problem of low accuracy in joint point estimation in hand pose estimation methods due to the self-similarity of fingers and easy self-obscuration of hand joints, a hand pose estimation method based on coordinate correction and graph convolution is proposed. First, the standard coordinate encoding is improved by generating an unbiased heat map, and the distribution-aware method is used for decoding coordinates to reduce the error in decoding the coordinate encoding of joints. Then, the complex dependency relationship between the joints and the relationship between pixels and joints of the hand are modeled by using graph convolution, and the feature information of the hand joints is enhanced by determining the relationship between the hand joints.

Internally Harmonic Matched Compact GaN Power Amplifier with 78.5% PAE for 2.45 GHz Wireless Power Transfer Systems.

In this paper, a high-efficiency compact power amplifier is designed and fabricated with a 0.25 μm GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) to meet the demands of a high integration level and high efficiency for microwave wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The proposed power amplifier (PA) is implemented using an internally matched method to achieve a compact circuit size.

Global Regulation of Feedforward Nonlinear Systems: A Logic-Based Switching Gain Approach.

In this article, we investigate the global regulation problem for a class of feedforward nonlinear systems. Notably, the systems under consideration allow unknown input-output-dependent nonlinear growth rates, which has not been considered in existing works. A novel logic-based switching (LBS) gain approach is proposed to counteract the system uncertainties and nonlinearities.

Semi-Global Stabilization of Discrete-Time Linear Systems Subject to Infinite Distributed Input Delays and Actuator Saturations.

The semi-global stabilization problem of discrete-time systems subject to infinite distributed input delays and actuator saturations is investigated in this article. This article develops two low-gain feedback control laws for two types of systems, respectively. It is shown that the resulting system is semi-globally exponentially stabilized.

Characterization of Shy1, the Schizosaccharomyces pombe homolog of human SURF1.

Cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) is the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. As a rare neurometabolic disorder caused by mutations in the human complex IV assembly factor SURF1, Leigh Syndrome (LS) is associated with complex IV deficiency. In this study, we comprehensively characterized Schizosaccharomyces pombe Shy1, the homolog of human SURF1.

Construction of robust Ni-based catalysts for low-temperature Sabatier reaction.

CO hydrogenation to methane, namely, CO methanation or Sabatier reaction, is a significant approach to convert CO and H to storable and transportable CH. Low reaction temperature is the key to industrialization and has attracted plenty of research interest. Ni-based catalysts are commonly utilized owing to their favorable properties of excellent activity and economical price.

The carbonyl-sulfur chalcogen bonding interaction: Rotational spectroscopic study of the 2,2,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane···formaldehyde complex.

The rotational spectrum of a binary molecular cluster consisting of 2,2,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane (CSF) and formaldehyde (HCO) was studied by means of high-resolution Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations. One of the three isomers predicted at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2-TZVP level of theory was successfully detected in the supersonic expansion. Theoretical analyses using the non-covalent interactions and natural bond orbital methods reveal that the observed isomer is primarily stabilized by one C=O⋯S chalcogen bond and two C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds.

Measuring the Impact of Postsimultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation Complications: Comparing the Comprehensive Complication Index and Clavien-Dindo Classification.

Introduction: The Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) is commonly used for assessing postoperative complications; however, it may not be comprehensive. A comprehensive complication index (CCI) was introduced to address this limitation. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the CCI and CDC in evaluating the complications after simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation.

Preparation of Sustainable Ni/SiO Catalysts from Rice Husk by Different Methods for CO Methanation.

Silicon dioxide (SiO) from rice husk can be extracted and be used as support for Ni-based catalysts. The impregnation method (IM) is usually used for preparing Ni/SiO catalysts, but its catalytic activity in CO hydrogenation to CH remains unsatisfactory. In this work, we explored alternative preparation methods, using ammonia evaporation method (AEM) and hydrothermal method (HM) to prepare the catalysts.

Unraveling the Disulfide-Carbonyl n → π* Interactions in a Gas Phase Molecular Complex and Proteins.

The weak contacts between disulfide linkages and carbonyl groups are anticipated to be important in determining the structure and function of enzymes and proteins. However, the characteristics of the disulfide-carbonyl n → π* (n → π* C═O) interactions remain unexplored. Herein, we investigated the n → π* C═O interactions in the gas phase and in proteins.

Targeting Decidual CD16 Immune Cells with Exosome-Based Glucocorticoid Nanoparticles for Miscarriage.

Immune dysfunction in early pregnancy including overactivation of cytotoxic CD16 NK cells and proinflammatory M1 macrophages at the maternal-fetal interface interferes with trophoblast invasion, spiral artery remodeling, and decidualization, potentially leading to miscarriage. Immunosuppressants like glucocorticoids (GCs) are used to regulate the immune microenvironment in clinical treatment, but the lack of safe and efficient tissue-specific drug delivery systems, especially immune cell-specific vectors, limits their widespread clinical application. Here, a previously uncharacterized delivery system is reported, termed GC-Exo-CD16Ab, in which GCs are loaded into purified exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, and subsequently decorated with antibody CD16Ab.

Elucidating the non-covalent interactions in thiazole-carbon dioxide complexes through rotational spectroscopy and theoretical computations.

The complexes formed between thiazole and carbon dioxide were studied to probe the non-covalent bonding properties between carbon dioxide and a heteroaromatic ring. The rotational spectra of the thiazole-CO complex were analyzed using a supersonic jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer in conjunction with theoretical calculations. A rotational spectrum corresponding to the global minimum of the thiazole-CO complex was identified.

Measurements of Thermal Resistance Across Buried Interfaces with Frequency-Domain Thermoreflectance and Microscale Confinement.

Confined geometries are used to increase measurement sensitivity to thermal boundary resistance at buried SiO interfaces with frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR). We show that radial confinement of the transducer film and additional underlying material layers prevents heat from spreading and increases the thermal penetration depth of the thermal wave. Parametric analyses are performed with finite element methods and used to examine the extent to which the thermal penetration depth increases as a function of a material's effective thermal resistance and the degree of material confinement relative to the pump beam diameter.

High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation combined with immunotherapy for treating liver metastases: A prospective non-randomized trial.

Purpose: Given the unique features of the liver, it is necessary to combine immunotherapy with other therapies to improve its efficacy in patients of advanced cancer with liver metastases (LM). High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation is now widely used in clinical practice and can enhanced immune benefits. The study is intended to prospectively evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of HIFU ablation in combination with systemic immunotherapy for patients with liver metastases.

[Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and handgrip strength in middle-aged and elderly people in five cities of Western China].

Objective: To explore the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and handgrip strength in middle-aged and elderly people in 5 cities of Western China.

Methods: Based on the data of a cross-sectional survey conducted in the 5 cities of Western China from February to July 2023, the relevant demographic characteristics of people were collected by questionnaire, handgrip strength was collected by physical examination, and serum 25(OH)D was detected by HPLC-MS/MS. The association between the serum 25(OH)D and handgrip strength was analyzed using Logistic regression and Chi-square test for between-group comparisons models.

[F]FDG PET integrated with structural MRI for accurate brain age prediction.

Purpose: Brain aging is a complex and heterogeneous process characterized by both structural and functional decline. This study aimed to establish a novel deep learning (DL) method for predicting brain age by utilizing structural and metabolic imaging data.

Methods: The dataset comprised participants from both the Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center (UMIDC) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Unveiling the Noncovalent Interactions between Formamide and Heteroaromatics: Microwave Spectroscopy of the Formamide Complexes with Furan and Thiophene.

The noncovalent interactions between formamide (FM) and the heteroaromatic compounds (furan and thiophene) were investigated through microwave spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Each of the investigated complexes exhibits a single rotational spectrum corresponding to the lowest energy structure predicted theoretically. In the detected structures, N-H···O and C-H···O hydrogen bonds dominate the complexation between FM and furan, resulting in a planar configuration.