Genesis and regulation of C-terminal cyclic imides from protein damage.

C-Terminal cyclic imides are posttranslational modifications that can arise from spontaneous intramolecular cleavage of asparagine or glutamine residues resulting in a form of irreversible protein damage. These protein damage events are recognized and removed by the E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN), indicating that these aging-related modifications may require cellular quality control mechanisms to prevent deleterious effects. However, the factors that determine protein or peptide susceptibility to C-terminal cyclic imide formation or their effect on protein stability have not been explored in detail.

Role of T cell metabolism in brain tumor development: a genetic and metabolic approach.

Background: Malignant brain tumors are among the most lethal cancers. Recent studies emphasized the crucial involvement of the immune system, especially T cells, in driving tumor progression and influencing patient outcomes. The emerging field of immunometabolism has shown that metabolic pathways play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses within the tumor microenvironment.

: An emerging pathogen in total hip arthroplasty-related infections.

Actinomyces is a gram-positive bacterium that is part of the normal human flora. However, Actinomyces spp. are not among the microorganisms commonly cultured from periprosthetic joint infections.

The Molecular Additive N-Acetyl-L-Phenylalanine Delays the Crystallization and Suppresses the Phase Impurity for Achieving Triple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Over 25.

The crystallization process plays an important role in the formation of high-quality perovskite film for achieving efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially in the formation of mixed-cation perovskite film, as there are normally more phase impurities than in pure CH(NH)PbI (FAPbI) film. Herein, a molecular additive strategy, i.e.

A Trade-Off Between Leaf Carbon Economics and Plant Size Among Mangrove Species in Dongzhaigang, China.

Plant size is closely linked to its leaf trait characteristics, which are essential for determining its form and function. These relationships constitute a fundamental component of the global spectrum of plant diversity. Despite this, the size-trait relationships in coastal mangroves have often been overlooked, with a common assumption that they would mirror those found in terrestrial tropical trees.

Irisin reduces senile osteoporosis by inducing osteocyte mitophagy through Ampk activation.

Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, is known to be able to regulate bone metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding the effects of irisin on senile osteoporosis have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that irisin can inhibit bone mass loss and bone microarchitecture alteration in senile osteoporosis mouse model.

CD56 does not contribute to the anti-tumor, tissue homing, and glycolytic capacity of human NK cells.

Natural Killer (NK) cells are critical innate immune cells involved in the clearance of virally infected and malignant cells. Human NK cells are distinguished by their surface expression of CD56 and a lack of CD3. While CD56 expression and cell surface density has long been used as the prototypic marker to characterize primary human NK cell functional subsets, the exact functional role of CD56 in primary human NK cells is still not fully understood.

Clinicopathological analysis of primary central nervous system lymphoma in patients with or without HIV infection.

The clinicopathological features of HIV-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and immunocompetent primary central nervous system lymphoma (IC-PCNSL) were found to be distinct. Thirty-seven patients with HIV-related PCNSL and thirty patients with IC-PCNSL were included in our study. Hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemical detection using CD10, MUM1, CD20, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, p53, C-MYC, Ki67, methyltransferase like factor 3 (METTL3) antibodies and Epstein-Barr encoding region (EBER) in situ hybridization were performed.

Overexpression of USP35 enhances the protective effect of hUC-MSCs and their extracellular vesicles in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced SH-SY5Y cells via stabilizing FUNDC1.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with neurological disorders such as stroke. The therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) in alleviating IR injury across various cell types including neuronal cells has been documented. However, the underlying mechanisms through which hUC-MSCs and hUC-MSC-EVs protect neuronal cells from IR-triggered damage are not well understood.

Lysosomal LRRC8 complex regulates lysosomal pH, morphology and systemic glucose metabolism.

The lysosome integrates anabolic signalling and nutrient-sensing to regulate intracellular growth pathways. The leucine-rich repeat containing 8 (LRRC8) channel complex forms a lysosomal anion channel and regulates PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling, skeletal muscle differentiation, growth, and systemic glucose metabolism. Here, we define the endogenous LRRC8 subunits localized to a subset of lysosomes in differentiated myotubes.

Preparation and preliminary application of fluorescent microsphere test strips for feline parvovirus antibodies.

This study introduces a novel diagnostic modality for the detection of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) antibodies in feline serum by using fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strips (FM-ICTS). Leveraging the inherent specificity of antigen-antibody interactions, the FM-ICTS approach demonstrates considerable potential for efficient and accurate FPV antibody detection within a short timeframe. The FM-ICTS method demonstrates strong diagnostic performance, with consistent accuracy and stability over time.

Tannic Acid-Based Self-Assembling Nanocarriers with Antiphotobleaching and Controlled Releasing Properties for Collaborative Near-Infrared Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy.

Near-infrared (NIR) organic materials have been widely developed for tumor phototherapy due to their deep tumor penetration, good biodegradability, and high photothermal conversion (PCE). However, most of the NIR organic dyes are easily destroyed by photooxidation due to their big and long conjugated structures, such as cyanine dyes. Under light irradiation, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by these NIR dyes can easily break their conjugated skeleton, resulting in a dramatic decrease in phototherapeutic efficiency.

Genesis and regulation of C-terminal cyclic imides from protein damage.

C-Terminal cyclic imides are post-translational modifications (PTMs) that can arise from spontaneous intramolecular cleavage of asparagine or glutamine residues resulting in a form of irreversible protein damage. These protein damage events are recognized and removed by the E3 ligase substrate adapter cereblon (CRBN), indicating that these aging-related modifications may require cellular quality control mechanisms to prevent deleterious effects. However, the factors that determine protein or peptide susceptibility to C-terminal cyclic imide formation or their effect on protein stability have not been explored in detail.

Epidemiological characteristics and strategies for prevention and elimination of malaria in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China from 1949 to 2021.

Malaria is an insect-borne disease transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes or the importation of Plasmodium-infected blood, posing a serious threat to human health and life safety. This study aims to analyze the incidence of malaria in Qingdao at various stages from 1949 to 2021, to collate the control measures taken at different epidemic stages to assess the effectiveness of malaria control, and to identify a set of malaria control strategies suitable for Qingdao, while providing Chinese experience for other countries or cities in their malaria elimination efforts. A retrospective survey was used to collect information on malaria cases, control measures and prevention and control effects in Qingdao from 1949 to 2021, and to evaluate malaria control strategies and measures in Qingdao.

Endothelial cell ferroptosis influences IDH wild-type glioblastoma growth in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme patients.

Glioblastomas are known for their poor clinical prognosis, with recurrent tumors often exhibiting greater invasiveness and faster growth rates compared to primary tumors. To understand the intratumoral changes driving this phenomenon, we employed single-cell sequencing to analyze the differences between two pairs of primary and recurrent glioblastomas. Our findings revealed an upregulation of ferroptosis in endothelial cells within recurrent tumors, identified by the significant overexpression of the NOX4 gene.

Rapid lateral flow immunoassay for fluorescence detection of canine distemper virus (CDV).

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious and potentially lethal virus that affects dogs and other members of the Canidae family, including wolves, foxes, and coyotes. Here, we present a fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (FLFA) platform for the detection of CDV, which utilizes fluorescent microspheres - fusion protein monoclonal antibody (mAb)-labeled monoclonal antibody. The assay detected CDV within 5 min, with a detection limit threshold of 3 × 10 TCID/mL.

A prostate cancer gastrointestinal transcriptional phenotype may be associated with diminished response to AR-targeted therapy.

Background: Prostate cancer is a heterogenous disease, but once it becomes metastatic it eventually becomes treatment resistant. One mechanism of resistance to AR-targeting therapy is lineage plasticity, where the tumor undergoes a transformation to an AR-indifferent phenotype, most studied in the context of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). However, activation of additional de- or trans-differentiation programs, including a gastrointestinal (GI) gene expression program, has been suggested as an alternative method of resistance.

Association between hepatic steatosis and fibrosis and arthritis among US adults: A population-based study.

Background: Lipid metabolism factors may play a role in the development of arthritis and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to explore the potential association between arthritis and hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis.

Materials And Methods: The nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was analyzed, with data on arthritis diagnosis, subtype, and liver status obtained.

Association of dietary inflammatory index with immune-inflammatory biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Synovial inflammation is the main reason for joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Diet is recognized as one of the therapeutic strategies to control the inflammatory activity in RA. However, few studies have investigated the association between diet and immune-inflammatory biomarkers in RA patients.

Two new jatrophane diterpenoids from with activity towards autophagic flux.

Nine jatrophane diterpenoids were isolated from the whole plant , including two new ones, helioscopnins A () and B (). Comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and ECD calculations elucidated their structures, including absolute configurations. All compounds were evaluated for bioactivity towards autophagic flux by flow cytometry using HM mCherry-GFP-LC3 cells.

Mechanism of highly efficient oil removal from spent hydrodesulfurization catalysts by ultrasound-assisted surfactant cleaning methods.

The removal of crude oil from spent hydrodesulfurization catalysts constitutes the preliminary stage in the recovery process of valuable metals. However, the traditional roasting method for the removal exhibits massive limitations. In view of this, the present study used an ultrasound-assisted surfactant cleaning method to remove crude oil from spent hydrodesulfurization catalysts, which demonstrated effectiveness.