Development and validation of a radiomics model for detecting cardiac amyloidosis at coronary CT angiography.

Aims: To investigate the diagnostic performance of CT-based radiomics in detecting cardiac amyloidosis (CA) in patients with diffuse myocardial thickening.

Methods And Results: Patients with diffuse myocardial thickening who underwent coronary CT angiography were retrospectively enrolled from five hospitals. Patients from one hospital were randomly divided into training and internal test cohorts at a 7:3 ratio, and the other 4 hospitals constituted the external test cohort.

Using machine learning to identify frequent attendance at accident and emergency services in Lanarkshire.

Background: Frequent attenders to accident and emergency (A&E) services pose complex challenges for healthcare providers, often driven by critical clinical needs. Machine learning (ML) offers potential for predictive approaches to managing frequent attendance, yet its application in this area is limited. Existing studies often focus on specific populations or models, raising concerns about generalisability.

Negative Ion Conversion by Neutral Carbon Atoms Grazing Scattering from the KI(100) Surface.

In this work, we performed a theoretical calculation of the negative ion conversion by a neutral carbon atom beam grazing scattering from the KI(100) surface. The Madelung potential, image potential, and ML-polarization interaction contributions are included in the calculation of the electron capture energy defect of the valence band near surface anion sites along the projectile incidence direction. The loss of the formed negative ions does not originate from the electron loss to the unoccupied conduction band or neutral exciton states but results from the Coulomb barrier tunneling detachment of the loosely bound affinity electron to the vacuum level during the interaction with surface lattice anion sites.

Newly identified single-nucleotide polymorphism associated with the transition from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to liver fibrosis: results from a nested case-control study in the UK biobank.

Background: Genetic factors may have a significant influence on the likelihood of liver fibrosis in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study was conducted to explore how single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) impacts the development of fibrosis in those suffering from NAFLD.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing the UK Biobank dataset, we conducted a nested case-control analysis among NAFLD participants, defining the case group as those with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis during follow-up.

Does coronary microvascular dysfunction play a role in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?

Heart failure (HF) is a conundrum in that, current therapies only slow the progression of the disease. We posit, if the causal mechanism were targeted, progression of the disease could be stopped and potentially reversed. We hypothesize that insufficient myocardial blood flow (MBF) produces minute areas of ischemia, that lead to an accumulating injury culminating in HF.

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Regulates BNIP3-Dependent Mitophagy and Mediates Metabolic Reprogramming Through Histone Lysine Lactylation Modification to Affect Glioma Proliferation and Invasion.

Objective: Gliomas are the predominant form of malignant brain tumors. We investigated the mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) affecting glioma metabolic reprogramming, proliferation and invasion.

Methods: Human glioma cell U87 was cultured under hypoxia and treated with small interfering (si)HIF-1α, si-B cell lymphoma-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (siBNIP3), si-YT521-B homology domain 2 (siYTHDF2), 3-methyladenine and 2-deoxyglucose, with exogenous sodium lactate-treated normally-cultured cells as a lactate-positive control.

A recurrence model for non-puerperal mastitis patients based on machine learning.

Objective: Non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is an inflammatory breast disease affecting women during non-lactation periods, and it is prone to relapse after being cured. Accurate prediction of its recurrence is crucial for personalized adjuvant therapy, and pathological examination is the primary basis for the classification, diagnosis, and confirmation of non-puerperal mastitis. Currently, there is a lack of recurrence models for non-puerperal mastitis.

The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Cardiac Repair.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and effectively repairing the heart following myocardial injuries remains a significant challenge. Research has increasingly shown that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) can ameliorate myocardial injuries and improve outcomes after such injuries. The therapeutic benefits of MSC-Exo are largely due to their capacity to deliver specific cargo, including microRNAs and proteins.

N, O-Doped surface modulation of ZnInS with high hydrophilicity for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Heteroatom doping is a promising strategy for optimizing the photocatalytic activity of semiconductors. However, relying solely on single-element doping often poses challenges in modulating the capabilities of semiconductors. Herein, we adopt a strategy of simultaneously modifying ZnInS with the double non-metallic elements nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) to form (N, O)-ZnInS.

[Drift Correction Method of Wastewater Treatment Model Based on Transfer Learning Across Time Scales].

Data is the core foundation of intelligent operation and maintenance, but currently, there is generally insufficient data for wastewater treatment plants, and the status of wastewater treatment systems dynamically evolves with the changes in the internal and external environment. The intelligent operation and maintenance of wastewater plants face difficulties in modeling and model drift caused by system evolution. In response to this issue, the summer and winter seasons with significant differences in wastewater temperature, wastewater quality, and microbial status were selected as typical comparison scenarios.

UPLC-HDMS revealed numerous novel compounds in soybean crude oil.

Soybean crude oils (SCO) were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC-HDMS) for discovering novel compounds. Numerous chromatographic peaks in ESI and ESI modes showed that SCO was rich in numerous compounds. A total of 215 potential compounds with accurate mass-to-charge ratio, MSMS spectrum and CCS value were detected in SCOs.

Research on the OFDR strain measurement method based on similarity features of dual-segment RSS.

Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) is a research hotspot in fiber optic sensing technology. This technology can be used for strain, vibration and temperature sensing and has great application prospects in fields such as deformation analysis of aerospace components and bridge monitoring. This article analyzes the reasons for strain demodulation errors under large strains.

A Mendelian randomization study on the association between systemic inflammatory regulators and essential and secondary hypertension.

Background: Inflammation is an important driver of hypertension with numerous components, and there is a paucity of research on the specific inflammatory factors that induce hypertension; therefore, we wanted to investigate the relationship between specific inflammatory factors and hypertension.

Purpose: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to assess the causal relationship between systemic inflammatory regulators and hypertension (primary or secondary types).

Method: a large-scale, published genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis encompassing 41 cytokines (involved 8,293 Finnish participants from three independent population cohorts: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS), FINRISK1997, and FINRISK2002.

Meso/Microporous Single-Atom Catalysts Featuring Curved Fe-N Sites Boost the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity.

Zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are among the most efficient precursors for the synthesis of atomically dispersed Fe-N/C materials, which are promising catalysts for enhancing the performance of Zn-air batteries (ZABs) and proton exchange fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, existing ZIF-derived Fe-N/C electrocatalysts mostly consist of microporous materials, leading to insufficient mass transport and inadequate battery/cell performance. In this study, we synthesize an atomically dispersed meso/microporous Fe-N/C material with curved Fe-N active sites, denoted as FeSA-N/TC, through the pyrolysis of hemin-modified ZIF films on ZnO nanorods, obtained from the self-assembly reaction between Zn from ZnO hydrolysis and 2-methylimidazole.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Activity Driven by TiO/(MoP/CdS): Insights from Powder Particles to Thin Films.

Transitioning from powder photocatalysts to thin film photocatalysts is one of the necessary steps toward industrializing photocatalytic hydrogen production. Herein, we reported the integration of non-noble metal cocatalyst MoP decorated with TiO and CdS, forming TiO/(MoP/CdS) for ultraviolet-visible light utilization. The designed powder TiO/(MoP/CdS) composites achieved a superior hydrogen production rate of 42.

Atomically Dispersed Palladium Catalyst for Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Quinolines.

Chemoselective hydrogenation of quinoline and its derivatives is a significant strategy to achieve the corresponding 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines (py-THQ) for various potential applications. Here, we precisely constructed a titanium carbide supported atomically dispersed Pd catalyst (Pd/TiC) for quinoline hydrogenation, delivering above 99% py-THQ selectivity at complete conversion with an outstanding turnover frequency (TOF) of 463 h. AC-HAADF-STEM and XAFS demonstrate that the atomic dispersion of Pd includes Pd-TiC single atoms and Pd clusters with atomic-layer thickness.

Diversified humoral immunity and impacts of booster vaccines: SARS-CoV-2 antibody profile and Omicron BA.2 neutralization before and after first or second boosters.

This study aims to investigate humoral immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and assess the impact of booster vaccines. We recruited individuals scheduled to receive either the first (original formula) or the second (bivalent) booster following the initial two-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We tested for IgG antibodies targeting the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), S1, S2, and nucleocapsid protein, as well as for neutralizing antibodies against Omicron BA.

HBx integration in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma inhibits Caspase-3-PARP related apoptosis.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common pathological type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and is closely associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status and hepatitis B X (HBx) gene integration. This project investigated the cellular biological effects and molecular mechanisms responsible for lymphomagenesis and the progression of HBx integration in DLBCL. The data showed that clinical DLBCL cells demonstrated HBx integration, and the sequencing analysis of integrated sites validated HBx integration in the constructed HBx-transfected cells.

Bone marrow cells contribute to seven different endothelial cell populations in the heart.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying vascular regeneration in the heart is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for myocardial ischemia. This study investigates the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to endothelial cell populations in the heart, and their role in cardiac function and coronary circulation following repetitive ischemia (RI). Chimeric rats were created by transplanting BM cells from GFP female rats into irradiated male recipients.

Can digital economy foster synergistic increases in green innovation and corporate value? Evidence from China.

The rapid evolution of the digital economy has significantly accelerated progress towards achieving green and sustainable processes, particularly in the field of green production. While existing research has delved into the effects of the digital economy on Green Innovation (GI) and the consequences of digital transformation on Corporate Value (CV), there remains a notable gap in the literature regarding the potential for synergistic enhancements in firms' GI&CV through the ongoing digital revolution. This study utilizes an evolutionary game model and employs system dynamics methods to simulate the dynamic evolution trajectory of the influence of the digital economy on the synergy between GI&CV.

Resolving and correcting for kinetic biases on methane seep paleotemperature using carbonate ∆/∆ analysis.

Methane-derived authigenic carbonate often constitutes the sole remaining record of relic methane seeps. The clumped (∆) and oxygen isotopic composition of seep carbonates often yield inaccurate temperatures, attributed to kinetic isotope effects and modification of seawater isotope composition by hydrate water. Here, we analyzed the dual-clumped isotope (∆/∆) composition of authigenic carbonate from a modern methane seep.