Adrenomedullin Inhibits the Efficacy of Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Biliary Tract Cancer by Disrupting Endothelial Cell Functions.

The global incidence of biliary tract cancer (BTC) is on the rise, presenting a substantial healthcare challenge. The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with molecularly targeted therapies is emerging as a strategy to enhance immune responses. However, the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of these treatments in BTC are still largely unexplored.

Advances in biosynthesis of chiral amide herbicides and the key enzymes: dimethenamid-P and S-metolachlor as case studies.

Chiral amide herbicides represent a significant class of agrochemicals, widely used for effective weed control. Prominent examples include S-metolachlor and dimethenamid-P, both of which share the intermediate (S)-1-methoxy-2-propylamine, a key structural component in their synthesis. Developing green and sustainable methods for producing this intermediate is crucial for enhancing the environmental and economic feasibility of herbicide manufacturing.

Innovations in the localization techniques for non-palpable breast lesions: Make invisible visible.

Non-palpable breast cancer lesions pose a challenge for surgeons to resect cancer lesions. Making 'invisible' lesions 'visible' is the main strategy. Currently, multiple preoperative localization techniques have been applied in clinical.

Health Communication on the Internet: Promoting Public Health and Exploring Disparities in the Generative AI Era.

Health communication and promotion on the internet have evolved over time, driven by the development of new technologies, including generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). These technological tools offer new opportunities for both the public and professionals. However, these advancements also pose risks of exacerbating health disparities.

Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Dual-Path Encoders and Offset Field Interpolation.

Although self-supervised learning approaches have demonstrated tremendous potential in multi-frame depth estimation scenarios, existing methods struggle to perform well in cases involving dynamic targets and static ego-camera conditions. To address this issue, we propose a self-supervised monocular depth estimation method featuring dual-path encoders and learnable offset interpolation (LOI). First, we construct a dual-path encoding scheme that utilizes residual and transformer blocks to extract both single- and multi-frame features from the input frames.

Nanoscale CaO-Loaded Surface-Engineered Iodine-125 Seed with Sustained Self-Oxygenation for Sensitized Tumor Brachytherapy.

Iodine-125 (I) brachytherapy (BT) is renowned for its precision and effectiveness in delivering localized radiation doses to solid tumors. However, the therapeutic efficacy of traditionalI seed is often limited due to the inherent and acquired radioresistance. Based on the importance of tumor hypoxia in radioresistance, a novel "in situ oxygen-supplement" surface-modified radioactive I seed (I@TNT-CaO) is designed and constructed to overcome hypoxia-induced radioresistance in tumor BT.

Genetic Regulation of Chlorophyll Biosynthesis in Pepper Fruit: Roles of and .

Pepper ( L.) is a widely cultivated vegetable crop worldwide, with its rich fruit colors providing unique visual traits and economic value. This study investigated the genetic basis of the immature green fruit color by constructing a F segregating population derived from a cross between yellow fruit C20 and green fruit C62 parent lines.

Characterization of Metabolites and Transcriptome of Pepper Accessions from Four Southern Provinces of China.

Background/objectives: Pepper ( L.) is a widely grown vegetable and spice crop worldwide. This study aims to reveal the differences of metabolites among pepper accessions from different regions and explore candidate genes related to metabolites of pepper.

HIF-1α Enhances Intestinal Injury and Inflammation in Severe Acute Pancreatitis Through NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Background: Severe Acute Pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with significant intestinal injury and inflammation. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) and NLRP3 inflammasome have been implicated in this process, but their specific roles remain unclear.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the roles of HIF-1α and NLRP3 in the pathogenesis of SAP and their effects on intestinal injury, barrier function, and inflammatory responses.

Hypoxia-induced adipose derived stem cells-derived exosomes promote diabetic wound healing through circ-0001747/miR-199a-5p/HIF-1α axis.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a serious complication of diabetes that lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The studies reported that promoting angiogenesis is a key step in wound healing. Hypoxia-induced adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exo) were observed to promote skin wound healing and alleviate DFU development.

Identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers and drug targets for endometriosis from a genetic perspective: a mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Endometriosis (EM) is a chronic disease severely impacting reproductive health, with its exact cause still unclear. In-depth understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of EM from the perspective of genetics and exploring individualized treatment strategies can improve the health and quality of life of patients.

Methods: In this study, whole blood cis- expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data were used as exposure data, and data from the FinnGen database EM1-2 and EM3-4 were used as outcomes.

Machine Learning-Based Fault Detection and Exclusion for Global Navigation Satellite System Pseudorange in the Measurement Domain.

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) support numerous applications, including mission-critical ones that require a high level of integrity for safe operations, such as air, maritime, and land-based navigation. Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) is crucial for mission-critical applications, as faulty measurements significantly impact system integrity. FDE can be applied within the positioning algorithm in the measurement's domain and the integrity monitoring domain.

Colored Proteins Act as Biocolorants in .

Colored proteins play an important role in synthetic biology research, providing a systematic labeling tool for visualizing microscopic biological activities in vivo. They can exhibit visible colors to the naked eye under natural light, and some of them are well-known fluorescent proteins. Here, several colored proteins were taken into consideration for acting as biocolorants in , including green fluorescent proteins (eGFP and sfGFP), a red fluorescent protein (mKate2), and three chromoproteins (GfasPurple, AmilCP, and AeBlue).

Screening and Identification of Brain Pericyte-Selective Markers.

Background: Pericytes, a type of mural cells, exert important functions in the CNS. One major challenge in pericyte research is the lack of pericyte-specific and subpopulation-specific markers.

Methods: To address this knowledge gap, we first generated a novel transgenic mouse line in which vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) are permanently labeled with tdTomato.

Rational regulation of oxygen vacancies in high-entropy oxides to balance FeO and FeC phases for catalytic CO hydrogenation to light olefins.

Adjusting surface oxygen vacancies (O) is crucial for oxide catalysts. Doping spinel ZnFeO with elements of different valence states or atomic radio to obtain high-entropy oxides (HEOs) is a common method for creating O. Indeed, the formation of single-phase HEOs and the existence of lattice distortion were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and in-situ Raman, and the concentration of O in HEOs (O = 0.

Ultrahigh Efficiency and Robust Energy Density in Simple Barium Titanate-Based Lead-Free Films via Nanocomposite Approach.

Relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) films represent promising candidates for high-performance energy storage applications for miniaturized electronic devices and power systems. However, achieving substantial energy storage performance always involves complex component or structural design. Herein, we employed a nanocomposite approach to obtain ultrahigh-efficiency and robust energy density in simple BaTiO-based lead-free films.

Revealing Mechanisms of an Eco-Friendly GaN Electrochemical Mechanical Removal Process Modified with Green Fenton Reaction.

Gallium Nitride (GaN), a leading third-generation semiconductor material, offers exceptional properties and broad application potential. However, its high hardness and chemical inertness make GaN wafers difficult to process, posing significant challenges in improving the polishing efficiency. During the electrochemical mechanical polishing (ECMP) process, the oxidation effect on the GaN surface critically affects the material removal rate (MRR).

Preparation and Reliability and Validity Test of the Questionnaire on the Maintenance of Intravenous Catheter in ICU Nurses' Center.

Aim: To compile a questionnaire Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) of ICU nurses on central venous catheter maintenance and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

Design: Compile a questionnaire, conduct a questionnaire survey and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

Methods: The initial questionnaire was formed based on the theory of KAP, combined with literature review and Delphi expert correspondence method; a questionnaire survey was conducted among 334 ICU nurses in five tertiary hospitals, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested and a formal questionnaire was compiled.

Transposon proliferation drives genome architecture and regulatory evolution in wild and domesticated peppers.

Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is a widely consumed vegetable with exceptionally large genomes in Solanaceae, yet its genomic evolutionary history remains largely unknown. Here we present 11 high-quality Capsicum genome assemblies, including two gap-free genomes, covering four wild and all five domesticated pepper species.

Difference among frailty assessment tools in predicating postoperative prognosis of elderly patients with mild traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is quite prevalent in the elderly population, and the authors performed a retrospective analysis regarding the predictive value of frailty assessing tools regarding the prognosis of elderly mTBI patients.

Methods: All the patients underwent assessment of frailty upon admission using five tools including Frailty Phenotype (FP), FRAIL Scale (FS), Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI), and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). The predicting potential of tools was analyzed against the prognosis defined by the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE).

Exploring the clinical value of procalcitonin, c-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the early diagnosis of bloodstream infections in children.

Backgroud: In the diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI) in children, compared to the gold standard of blood culture, markers in the blood offer advantages such as rapid results and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, we investigated the clinical value of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the early diagnosis of BSI in children.

Methods: This study included a retrospective analysis of 309 suspected BSI cases and patients were categorized into 2 groups based on blood culture results: blood culture-positive group, and blood culture-negative group.

[Preparation of multi-layer compound microcapsules and their application in self-healing of concrete cracks].

Concrete is widely used in building construction, civil engineering, roads, bridges, etc., but concrete cracking remains a major issue in the engineering industry. To develop an effective and feasible concrete repair technology, this study combined microbial and microencapsulation technologies to prepare a multi-layer compound microcapsule using the piercing method.

Masquelet technique combined with concentrated growth factors for the reconstruction of rabbit mandibular marginal bone defect.

Objective: Both the Masquelet technique (MT) and concentrated growth factors (CGF) reduce early graft loss and improve bone regeneration. This study aims to explore the efficacy of combining MT with CGF for mandibular defect repair by characterizing the induced membrane and assessing in vivo osteogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Three experimental groups were compared: negative control (NC), MT, and Masquelet combined with CGF (MTC).

Bioequivalence study of fluticasone propionate nebuliser suspensions in healthy Chinese subjects.

Background: Fluticasone propionate is a synthetic trifluoro-substituted glucocorticoid, a highly selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Fluticasone propionate nebuliser suspensions is an inhaled corticosteroid with the low systemic bioavailability which provides a low risk (benefit outcome without the adverse effects that accompany systemically administered corticosteroids), referred as a first-line preventive agent for patients with persistent asthma. China has become one of the countries with the highest asthma mortality rate in the world in the past years.