A TaSnRK1α-TaCAT2 model mediates resistance to Fusarium crown rot by scavenging ROS in common wheat.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is a serious underlying disease to threaten wheat yield and quality recently. Here, we identify a catalase antioxidant enzyme (TaCAT2) through genome wide association study (GWAS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in two nested bi-parental populations. We verify the function of TaCAT2 regulating wheat FCR resistance by genetic transformation.

Microbial-type terpene synthases significantly contribute to the terpene profile of glandular trichomes of the fern Dryopteris fragrans (L.).

Ferns, known for their adaptability and widespread presence, form a diverse group of plants. However, the mechanisms underlying terpenoid production, which are often linked to plant adaptation, are not well understood in ferns. Here, we report that Dryopteris fragrans (D.

Role of bFGF on astrocytes to expression of protein molecules of blood-brain barrier via PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway after TBI.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which can exacerbate brain damage. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has a neuroprotective effect, but its effect on BBB integrity after TBI and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. To investigate the changes of BBB-related protein expression in TBI model rat astrocytes under bFGF intervention, and the regulatory role of PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in this process.

Perioperative safety of simultaneous pulmonary resection and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective analysis from a single institution.

Background: As an increasing number of patients with both lung cancer and coronary artery disease (CAD) are being discovered, doctors face great challenges in treating this group. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) combined with simultaneous radical surgery for lung cancer has become an option at some institutions. In this study, we aimed to explore postoperative complications, hospitalization duration and expenses, and surgical safety among patients who underwent simultaneous pulmonary resection and off-pump CABG, in order to provide a new treatment approach for lung cancer patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Exploration of high-value pathways for lignin: From catalyst preparation to product development.

Considering the facts of fossil fuel depletion and environmental issues, the conversion of biomass into high value-added chemicals is of great importance. In this work, Ni and Co were encapsulated in lignin-derived phenolic resin spheres to obtain NiCo@LRS, which was then employed as a sacrificial template for the synthesis of the bimetallic catalyst NiCo@LC-RS. The Ni and Co act as the acid and dehydrogenation sites for the catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (pp-ol) and corncob lignin, respectively, and exhibit a synergistic enhancement effect.

Decreased brain interstitial fluid dynamics is associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive decline.

Background: Diffusion-tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index that has the potential to reflect brain interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics may predict the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We aimed to study whether brain ISF dynamics indicated by the ALPS index relate to AD dementia diagnosis and AD-related changes.

Methods: This study included a discovery cohort (n = 180) and a validation cohort (n = 127), which were composed of cognitively normal, subjective memory concern, mild cognitive impairment, and AD dementia subjects.

The efficacy of aspirin compared to low molecular weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis after orthopedic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aspirin has increasingly gained attention as a thromboprophylaxis agent for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery; however, the results of recent clinical trials remain controversial. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we compared the safety and efficacy of aspirin with those of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries leading to significant immobility and necessitating anticoagulants to prevent thromboembolic events. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from the inception to April 20, 2024, to identify clinical trials and randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of aspirin and LMWH on deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), venous thromboembolism (VTE), major bleeding, short-term postoperative mortality, and adherence to treatment.

A Sweet Almond Globulin Multifunctional Peptide: Identification, In Silico Screening, Restraint Mechanisms to Keap1 and ACE, and Antihypertensive and Ferrous Transport Efficiency.

Sweet almond expeller is an abundant protein resource, but there are few studies on multifunctional peptides. The purpose of this study is to improve its application in food and medical industries. This study investigated the identification, screening, and action mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides with antioxidant and ferrous binding activities derived from sweet almond globulin hydrolysates using intergrade in vitro and in silico methods and an animal model.

Recent Developments in Catalytic Carbonyl Sulfur Hydrolysis.

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most abundant and longest-lasting organic reduced sulfur compound in the atmosphere. Removing it is a critical and challenging aspect in desulfurization technology in order to comply with global restrictions on harmful emissions. Catalytic hydrolysis refers to the process whereby COS reacts with water under the influence of a catalyst to generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.

Evaluating e-bike safety at unsignalized roundabouts using a Bayesian mixed logit model.

Roundabouts are a unique intersection design for calming traffic and improving vehicle safety without traffic signal control. While a few past studies have examined the impact of the roundabout on bicyclist and pedestrian injury crashes, little is known about its effect on the safety of electric bike (e-bike) riders. This study uses a Bayesian mixed logit model to quantify the impact of roundabout geometry, traffic flow and conflict characteristics on the severity of e-bike-vehicle conflicts.

TRIM66-HP1γ remodels the chromatin through phase separation.

Chromatin contains not only heterochromatin (HC) and euchromatins (EC) but also facultative heterochromatin (fHC), which experience the dynamic remodeling between HCs and ECs by different regulators. The regulation of fHCs involves lots of different cell functions, like genomic stability and gene transcription. Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) recognizes methylated H3K9 and reshapes the chromatin into the fHCs through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).

Preoperative CT-based Radiomics Model for Predicting Micropapillary/Solid Patterns in Stage I Peripheral Lung Invasive Adenocarcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

Purpose: To develop and validate an accurate computed tomography-based radiomics model for predicting high-grade (micropapillary/solid) patterns in T1-stage lung invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) after propensity score matching (PSM).

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 546 participants from 2 cohorts with histologically diagnosed lung IAC after complete surgical resection between January 2020 and August 2021. The patients were divided into high-grade and non-high-grade groups and matched using PSM.

Gut microbiota as a new target for anticancer therapy: from mechanism to means of regulation.

In order to decipher the relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and cancer, this paper reviewed the role of intestinal microbiota in anticancer therapy and related mechanisms, discussed the current research status of gut microbiota as a biomarker of cancer, and finally summarized the reasonable means of regulating gut microbiota to assist cancer therapy. Overall, our study reveals that the gut microbiota can serve as a potential target for improving cancer management.

Modeling epilepsy by loss-of-function of the CUG-binding protein Elav-like family member 2 in zebrafish with multi-omics analysis.

Background: The CUG-binding protein Elav-like family member 2 (CELF2) gene has been linked to the pathogenesis of epilepsy, but its precise role remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of CELF2 mutation in epilepsy, utilizing zebrafish models to explore its molecular pathways and biological impact.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify CELF2 mutations associated with epilepsy.

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis of million-scale data reveal causal relationships between thyroid-related phenotypes, smoking, and lung cancer.

Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer, though findings are controversial. Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited. Using UK Biobank data, we conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess causal links between lung cancer risk and thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism) or function traits (free thyroxine [FT4], normal-range TSH).

New insights into tRNA-derived small RNAs in human digestive diseases.

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) is a type of non-coding RNA that is present in large quantities in humans and exhibits high stability. It plays a crucial role in various physiological processes and diseases. In recent years, research on tsRNAs in tumors has expanded significantly, revealing its regulatory effects in non-neoplastic diseases as well.

Validation of a Practical Method for Estimating Total Glasgow Coma Scale Scores in Intubated Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Cohort Study Using the MIMIC-IV Database.

Aims And Objectives: To validate a practical method for estimating total Glasgow Coma Scale (etGCS) scores in intubated traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and evaluate its reliability when integrated into established ICU severity scoring systems.

Background: TBI is a global health issue, often leading to high mortality and disability. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), essential for assessing TBI severity, is less reliable in intubated patients due to the inability to assess verbal responses.

Complicated crosstalk between HMGA and non-coding RNAs modulates hallmarks of cancer.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is a class of non-histone chromosomal protein and is highly expressed in the embryonic period and many tumors. It is involved in multiple hallmarks of tumors and affects the occurrence and progression of tumors. Nowadays, many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA, have been found to play a crucial role in HMGA1 regulation.

Ultrathin and high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers enabled by phase-engineered FeSiAl@1T/2H MoS interfaces.

With society progressing toward intelligent systems and the escalating challenges of electromagnetic radiation, the demand for advanced electromagnetic wave (EMW)-absorbing materials has intensified. The prevalent methodology combines magnetic components with dielectric matrices to harness interfacial synergy, enabling concurrent optimization of impedance matching and enhancement in functionality. With better understanding of absorption mechanisms, there has been an increase in microscopic studies.

A novel compound, SYHA1813, inhibits malignant meningioma growth directly by boosting p53 pathway activation and impairing DNA repair.

Introduction: Meningioma is a common tumor of the central nervous system but effective therapies for malignant meningiomas are still lacking. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic reagents is urgently needed. SYHA1813 is a novel compound and our previous study demonstrated its potent anti-tumor activity on glioblastoma through the inhibition of macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Serum HDL-C levels in children with epilepsy: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the difference in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels between children with epilepsy and healthy children and to assess its potential influencing factors.

Methods: For comparison, we retrospectively collected data on 1,002 children with epilepsy who visited the Department of Neurology at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Additionally, we included 127 healthy children who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital's Health Examination Center.

Alisol B 23-Acetate Down-Regulated GRP94 to Restore Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis on Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) poses a serious threat to human health. Alisol B 23-Acetate (AB23A) has shown beneficial effects on NASH, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We conducted in vitro experiments by inducing L02 cell damage with free fatty acids (FFA) and administering various concentrations of AB23A.

Combined impact of neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) and cognitive function on all-cause mortality in older adults: a population-based study.

Background: The neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) has emerged as a potential biomarker for chronic disease outcomes. Cognitive impairment is a major contributor to mortality in older adults. However, the combined effect of NHR and cognitive function on all-cause mortality remains unclear.

A review on As-contaminated soil remediation using waste biomass feedstock-based biochar and metal-modified biochar.

Arsenic (As) is a carcinogen that threatens ecosystems and human health. Due to its high adsorption, and microporosity, biochar is widely available for soil remediation. This review significantly summarizes the current status of waste biomass feedstock-based biochar and metal-modified biochar for As-contaminated soil remediation.

Prediction of drug target interaction based on under sampling strategy and random forest algorithm.

Drug target interactions (DTIs) play a crucial role in drug discovery and development. The prediction of DTIs based on computational method can effectively assist the experimental techniques for DTIs identification, which are time-consuming and expensive. However, the current computational models suffer from low accuracy and high false positive rate in the prediction of DTIs, especially for datasets with extremely unbalanced sample categories.