Noninvasive identification of SOX9 status using radiomics signatures may help construct personalized treatment strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: To develop and validate a radiomics-based model for predicting SOX9-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: From January 2013 to April 2017, patients with histologically proven HCC who received systemic sorafenib treatment after curative resection were retrospectively enrolled. Radiomic features were extracted from portal venous phase CT images and selected to build a radiomics score using logistic regression analysis.

Self-supervised contrastive learning using CT images for PD-1/PD-L1 expression prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression status, determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of specimens, can discriminate patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who can derive the most benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. A non-invasive method of measuring PD-1/PD-L1 expression is urgently needed for clinical decision support.

Materials And Methods: We included a cohort of 87 patients with HCC from the West China Hospital and analyzed 3094 CT images to develop and validate our prediction model.

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging for preoperative evaluation of liver regeneration after hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: To explore whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters could evaluate liver regeneration preoperatively.

Methods: A total of 175 HCC patients were initially recruited. The apparent diffusion coefficient, true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion fraction (f), diffusion distribution coefficient, and diffusion heterogeneity index (Alpha) were measured by two independent radiologists.

Novel Computed-Tomography-Based Transformer Models for the Noninvasive Prediction of PD-1 in Pre-Operative Settings.

The expression status of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with the checkpoint blockade treatment responses of PD-1/PD-L1. Thus, accurately and preoperatively identifying the status of PD-1 has great clinical implications for constructing personalized treatment strategies. To investigate the preoperative predictive value of the transformer-based model for identifying the status of PD-1 expression, 93 HCC patients with 75 training cohorts (2859 images) and 18 testing cohorts (670 images) were included.

Predictive models and early postoperative recurrence evaluation for hepatocellular carcinoma based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging.

Background: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still poor largely due to the high incidence of recurrence. We aimed to develop and validate predictive models of early postoperative recurrence for HCC using clinical and gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-based findings.

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 209 HCC patients, who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging before curative-intent resection, were enrolled.

Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions.

With the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization.

Radiomics signature: A potential biomarker for β-arrestin1 phosphorylation prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The phosphorylation status of β-arrestin1 influences its function as a signal strongly related to sorafenib resistance. This retrospective study aimed to develop and validate radiomics-based models for predicting β-arrestin1 phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using whole-lesion radiomics and visual imaging features on preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images.

Aim: To develop and validate radiomics-based models for predicting β-arrestin1 phosphorylation in HCC using radiomics with contrast-enhanced CT.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Improves the Prognostic Outcomes in Patients With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Curative-Intent Resection.

Purpose: The prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed at investigating whether additional multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) would guide additional treatment and improve the prognostic outcomes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Methods And Materials: This retrospective study included 256 patients undergoing dynamic enhanced computed tomography scan only (CT group) and 31 patients undergoing both mpMRI and computed tomography scans (CT+MR group).

Effects of butylphthalide on the levels of serum C-reactive protein, Parkinson disease protein 7 and neurotrophin-3 and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

To explore the effects of butylphthalide on the levels of serum CRP, PAPK7, NT-3 and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). 120 patients with ACI who were treated at Peking University First Hospital from September 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 60 cases in each group.

Massive Calcified Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma With Multifocal Involvement: An Imaging Diagnosis Dilemma and a Rare Case Report.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor that develops from vascular endothelial or pre-endothelial cells. More than 60% patients have single-organ involvement, and involvement of multiple organs including the liver, lungs, and bones is extremely rare. The typical radiographic features of EHE include multiple small nodules in both lungs, which are usually located near small- and medium-sized blood vessels and the bronchi, and solitary, multiple, or diffuse lesions located at the hepatic periphery, spreading within the branches of the portal and hepatic veins.

Preoperative prediction of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with high Ki-67 proliferation index based on CT features.

Background: To determine whether preoperative computed tomography (CT) features can be used for the prediction of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with a high Ki-67 proliferation index (Ki-67 PI).

Methods: A total of 198 patients with surgically and pathologically proven GISTs were retrospectively included. All GISTs were divided into a low Ki-67 PI group (<10%) and a high Ki-67 PI group (≥10%).

Insight into gastrointestinal heterotopic pancreas: imaging evaluation and differential diagnosis.

Heterotopic pancreas (HP) is an uncommon congenital abnormality in the developmental process of the pancreas, with gastrointestinal heterotopic pancreas (GHP) being the most common HP. The clinical manifestations of GHP may have variable patterns of presentation, dictated by both the anatomic location and the functional ability of the lesion. The most common imaging modality in detecting GHP is computed tomography (CT), while gastrointestinal barium fluoroscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are also applied.

Role of noninvasive imaging in the evaluation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: from diagnosis and prognosis to treatment response.

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common liver cancer. Desmoplastic stroma may be revealed as distinctive histopathologic findings favoring intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Meanwhile, a range of imaging manifestations is often accompanied with rich desmoplastic stroma in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, which can indicate large bile duct ICC, and a higher level of cancer-associated fibroblasts with poor prognosis and weak treatment response.

Oral bioavailability of curcumin: problems and advancements.

Curcumin is a natural compound of Curcuma longa L. and has shown many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant in both preclinical and clinical studies. Moreover, curcumin has hepatoprotective, neuroprotective activities and protects against myocardial infarction.

Perihepatic nodes detected by point-of-care ultrasound in acute hepatitis and acute-on-chronic liver disease.

Aim: To study the manifestations of perihepatic lymph nodes during the episode of acute hepatitis flare by point-of-care ultrasonography.

Methods: One hundred and seventy-six patients with an episode of acute hepatitis flare (ALT value > 5 × upper normal limit) were enrolled retrospectively. Diagnosis of etiology of the acute hepatitis flare was based on chart records and serological and virological assays.

Clinical and genetic study of a novel mutation in the REEP1 gene.

Objective: To examine the gene mutation associated with clinical phenotype from a Chinese kindred with autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (ADHSP).

Method: To perform linkage analysis and mutation detection. For two affected individual of the family, clinical analysis, electrophysiological examination, and MRI of brain and spinal cord were also performed.

Clinical and genetic study of SPG6 mutation in a Chinese family with hereditary spastic paraplegia.

Mutations in the NIPA1 gene cause autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia (ADHSP). To date, little is known about the relationship between genotype-phenotype correlation. In order to examine the gene mutation associated with the genotype-phenotype of Chinese kindred with ADHSP, linkage analysis and mutation detection were performed.