Proliferation of mouse mammary epithelial cells in vitro: interactions among epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I, ovarian hormones, and extracellular matrix proteins.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs; collagens I and IV, fibronectin, and laminin) in modulating proliferative responses of normal mammary epithelial cells in serum-free culture to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). As EGF and IGF-I can alter steroid responses, the interactions among growth factors, estrogen, and R5020 were also investigated. We report the novel finding that all ECMs tested, but not a nonspecific attachment factor, poly-L-lysine (PL), promoted a highly synergistic proliferative response to EGF plus IGF-I.

Mammary gland growth and development from the postnatal period to postmenopause: ovarian steroid receptor ontogeny and regulation in the mouse.

Ovarian steroid hormones play a critical role in regulating mammary gland growth and development. The mammary gland sequentially acquires and cyclically exhibits proliferative responses to estrogen and/or progesterone from birth to postmenopause. The focus of this review is to present our current understanding of estrogen and progesterone receptor distribution in epithelial and stromal cells and their functions in relation to mammary gland development.

CA125 phosphorylation is associated with its secretion from the WISH human amnion cell line.

Evidence is presented suggesting that CA125 is a serine and/or threonine phosphoprotein and that its secretion from the human amnion WISH cell line is closely linked to its phosphorylation. It is also indicated that regulation of CA125 secretion requires protein(s) tyrosine phosphorylation. WISH cells treated with a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, vanadate/ H2O2, resulted in increased levels of CA125 secretion.

Epidermal growth factor enhances secretion of the ovarian tumor-associated cancer antigen CA125 from the human amnion WISH cell line.

Objective: We studied the relation between epidermal growth factor (EGF)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and CA125 production in WISH cells.

Methods: We investigated quantitatively and immunohistochemically EGF-stimulated CA125 release from WISH cells and the effect of EGF on CA125 phosphorylation.

Results: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that CA125 and EGFR expression on the plasma membrane of the WISH cells was closely correlated with cell density.

Characterization of CA 125 synthesized by the human epithelial amnion WISH cell line.

CA 125 has been established as an important tumor marker for monitoring patients diagnosed with nonmucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma although it has also been shown to be expressed by other carcinomas, normal epithelial tissues, and fetal tissues. Current evidence implicates a role for CA 125 during early fetal development. The human epithelial amnion WISH cell line is a known secretor of CA 125.

Characterization of the endogenous ADP-ribosylation of wild-type and mutant elongation factor 2 in eukaryotic cells.

Anti-[ADP-ribosylated elongation factor 2 (EF-2)] antiserum has been used to immunoprecipitate the modified form of EF-2 from polyoma-virus-transformed baby hamster kidney (pyBHK) cells [Fendrick, J. L. & Iglewski, W.

Endogenous ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 in polyoma virus-transformed baby hamster kidney cells.

Polyoma virus-transformed baby hamster kidney (pyBHK) cells were cultured in medium containing [32P]orthophosphate and 10% (vol/vol) fetal bovine serum. A 32P-labeled protein with an apparent molecular mass of 97 kDa was immunoprecipitated from cell lysates with antiserum to ADP-ribosylated elongation factor 2 (EF-2). The 32P labeling of the protein was enhanced by culturing cells in medium containing 2% serum instead of 10% serum.

Herpes simplex virus shedding in genital secretions.

Nine women and eight men with a history of genital herpes had cultures taken for 60 consecutive days to assess the frequency and duration of viral shedding in the absence of symptoms. Daily self-obtained specimens (cervical-vaginal swabs from women and urethral swabs from men) were submitted for viral isolation. Five of 972 samples were found to contain infectious virus; two of the positive specimens correlated with overt disease.

Psoralen photoinactivation of herpes simplex virus: monoadduct and cross-link repair by xeroderma pigmentosum and Fanconi's anemia cells.

Furocoumarins (psoralen and its derivatives) are used to photoinactivate a variety of viruses and cell types. In the presence of long-wavelength ultraviolet light (UVA), furocoumarins bind covalently with pyrimidine residues via a cyclobutane ring. A second photoevent allows pyrimidines located on the opposite DNA strand in an adjacent base pair to react, forming a cross-link.

Optimal conditions for titration of SV40 by the plaque assay method.

The parameters of the Simian Virus 40 (SV40) plaque assay on African green monkey kidney cells were optimized for reproducibility and maximum plaquing efficiency. Plaques were visible as early as 8 days postinfection; maximum titers were obtained with a 10- to 11-day incubation period. Titers read 12-16 days postinfection were not significantly higher than those observed after 10-11 days.