Weight loss and health status 10 years after laparoscopic adjustable gastric band insertion in adolescents: a follow-up report from Teen-LABS.

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment strategy for severe childhood obesity, affecting 10% of US adolescents.

Objectives: This prospective observational study addresses knowledge gaps related to changes in weight, cardiometabolic risk, and weight-related quality of life (WRQOL) in adolescents 10 years after laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) insertion.

Setting: Five Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) US centers.

An outbreak after all: among pediatric patients with cerebrospinal fluid diversion device infections highlights gaps in guidelines.

Objective: is normal skin flora but can cause sterile implant infections. We investigated a cluster of seven patients with in anaerobic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures in November 2020. Further analysis identified a missed outbreak, highlighting ambiguity in diagnosis of indolent organisms in the 2017 IDSA meningitis guidelines.

Maximum mouth opening in patients with cleft lip and palate or craniofacial anomalies compared with non-affected controls: A cross-sectional study.

Background: There are limited published data on maximum mouth opening (MMO) for children with cleft lip or palate (CLP) or craniofacial anomalies (CFA).

Aim: To report MMO of patients with CLP or CFA compared with non-affected controls.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional review of electronic medical and dental records.

Hemoglobin concentration and body mass index are determinants of plasma von Willebrand factor and factor VIII levels.

Background: Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. VWD is characterized by an abnormal quantity or quality of von Willebrand Factor (VWF). Anemia is often found at presentation for a bleeding disorder evaluation due to chronic blood loss.

Advanced deep learning-based image reconstruction in lumbar spine MRI at 0.55 T - Effects on image quality and acquisition time in comparison to conventional deep learning-based reconstruction.

Objectives: To evaluate an optimized deep leaning-based image post-processing technique in lumbar spine MRI at 0.55 T in terms of image quality and image acquisition time.

Materials And Methods: Lumbar spine imaging was conducted on 18 patients using a 0.

Pediatric Hospitalists' Performance of Recommended Minor Procedures: A Multicenter Study.

Background And Objectives: Performance of minor procedures is highly variable among pediatric hospitalists. Our objective was to describe procedural frequency and measure self-assessed competence in recommended minor procedures among practicing hospitalists.

Methods: An electronic survey was administered across 20 US institutions.

Evaluation of MR anatomically-guided PET reconstruction using a convolutional neural network in PSMA patients.

. Recently, approaches have utilized the superior anatomical information provided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to guide the reconstruction of positron emission tomography (PET). One of those approaches is the Bowsher's prior, which has been accelerated lately with a convolutional neural network (CNN) to reconstruct MR-guided PET in the imaging domain in routine clinical imaging.

Perioperative exposure to volatile organic compounds in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery.

Objective: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are used in the sterilization and manufacture of medical equipment. These compounds have high vapor pressures with low water solubility and are emitted as gases from solids or liquids. They can be mutagenic, neurotoxic, genotoxic, and/or carcinogenic.

Pharmacokinetic parameters over time during sepsis and the association of target attainment and outcomes in critically ill children and young adults receiving ceftriaxone.

Introduction: Early sepsis results in pharmacokinetic (PK) changes due to physiologic alterations. PK changes can lead to suboptimal drug target attainment, risking inadequate coverage from antibiotics like ceftriaxone. Little is known about how ceftriaxone PK and target attainment quantitatively change over time in patients with sepsis or the association between target attainment and outcomes in critically ill children and young adults.

Diagnosis Code and Health Care Utilization Patterns Associated With Diagnostic Uncertainty.

Background And Objectives: Diagnostic uncertainty is challenging to identify and study in clinical practice. This study compares differences in diagnosis code and health care utilization between a unique cohort of hospitalized children with uncertain diagnoses (UD) and matched controls.

Patients And Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

Impact of Screening and Co-located Parent Coaching Within Pediatric Primary Care on Child Health Care Use: A Stepped Wedge Design.

Childhood adversity and toxic stress have been associated with poor mental and physical health. This study examined if Parent Connext, a program that integrates adversity screening and parent coaching by co-located specialists within pediatric primary care, had an impact on health care utilization. This stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated Parent Connext across six pediatric primary care practices.

Design and rationale for the supermarket and web-based intervention targeting nutrition (SuperWIN) for cardiovascular risk reduction trial.

Purpose: The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing largely due to suboptimal dietary habits. It is not known whether individualized, supermarket-based, nutrition education delivered by registered dietitians, utilizing the advantages of the in-store and online environments, and electronically collected purchasing data, can increase dietary quality.

Methods And Results: The supermarket and web-based intervention targeting nutrition (SuperWIN) for cardiovascular risk reduction trial is a randomized, controlled dietary intervention study.

Comparison of technical errors in pediatric bitewing radiographs acquired with round vs rectangular collimation.

Objective: To compare technical errors in bitewing radiographs acquired with round vs rectangular collimation in a hospital-based pediatric dentistry training program.

Study Design: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 176 digital bitewing radiographs exposed with round collimation and 106 exposed with rectangular collimation. The number of re-exposures was calculated, and errors in central ray entry (CRE; "cone cuts"), horizontal and vertical positioning, and angulation were measured.

Is there a link between very early changes of primary and secondary lymphoid organs in F-FDG-PET/MRI and treatment response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy?

Response assessment or prediction to checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CIT) is an unsolved problem in current routine diagnostics of patients with melanoma. Here, we evaluated very early changes of primary and secondary lymphoid organs under CIT in multiparametric [F]-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (F-FDG-PET)/MRI as possible predictors of treatment response and investigated their correlation with baseline blood immune biomarkers. Between October 2014 and November 2017, 17 patients with unresectable melanoma (8 females; 65±11 years) undergoing CIT were prospectively evaluated using whole-body F-FDG-PET/MRI before CIT start (t), 2 weeks (t) and 3 months after CIT initiation (t).

Impact of respiratory motion correction on lesion visibility and quantification in thoracic PET/MR imaging.

The impact of a method for MR-based respiratory motion correction of PET data on lesion visibility and quantification in patients with oncologic findings in the lung was evaluated. Twenty patients with one or more lesions in the lung were included. Hybrid imaging was performed on an integrated PET/MR system using 18F-FDG as radiotracer.

Free-breathing fat and R * quantification in the liver using a stack-of-stars multi-echo acquisition with respiratory-resolved model-based reconstruction.

Purpose: To develop a free-breathing hepatic fat and quantification method by extending a previously described stack-of-stars model-based fat-water separation technique with additional modeling of the transverse relaxation rate .

Methods: The proposed technique combines motion-robust radial sampling using a stack-of-stars bipolar multi-echo 3D GRE acquisition with iterative model-based fat-water separation. Parallel-Imaging and Compressed-Sensing principles are incorporated through modeling of the coil-sensitivity profiles and enforcement of total-variation (TV) sparsity on estimated water, fat, and parameter maps.

Respiratory Motion Detection and Correction for MR Using the Pilot Tone: Applications for MR and Simultaneous PET/MR Examinations.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a method for tracking respiratory motion throughout full MR or PET/MR studies that requires only minimal additional hardware and no modifications to the sequences.

Materials And Methods: Patient motion that is caused by respiration affects the quality of the signal of the individual radiofrequency receive coil elements. This effect can be detected as a modulation of a monofrequent signal that is emitted by a small portable transmitter placed inside the bore (Pilot Tone).

Effectiveness of long-term infliximab use and impact of treatment adherence on disease control in refractory, non-infectious pediatric uveitis.

Background: Refractory non-infectious uveitis is a serious condition that leads to ocular complications and vision loss and requires effective systemic treatment to control disease. The effectiveness of long-term infliximab [IFX] in refractory non-infectious childhood uveitis and the impact of treatment adherence on disease control were evaluated.

Methods: Retrospective, single-center study between December 2002 and April 2016 of 27 children with refractory non-infectious uveitis [17 with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA] treated with long-term IFX [9+ months].

Prediction of adult class II/III obesity from childhood BMI: the i3C consortium.

Background And Objectives: Adult class II/III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m) has significant adverse health outcomes. Early prevention and treatment are critical, but prospective childhood risk estimates are lacking. This study aimed to define the prospective risk of adult class II/III obesity, using childhood BMI.

Morbidity and cost burden of prenatal myelomeningocele repair.

Objective: This study compared the morbidities and financial burden associated with prenatal open myelomeningocele repair versus postnatal repair.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective study cohort included 23 mother-infant dyads undergoing prenatal repair and 30 with postnatal repair. Financial, demographic, and medical information were obtained for mother-infant dyads from each infant's birth through the first year of life.

MR elastography of liver at 3 Tesla: comparison of gradient-recalled echo (GRE) and spin-echo (SE) echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences and agreement across stiffness measurements.

Purpose: To compare 2D gradient-recalled echo (GRE) and 2D spin-echo (SE) echo-planar imaging (EPI) MR elastography (MRE) for measurement of hepatic stiffness in adult patients with known or suspected liver disease at 3 Tesla.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and eighty-seven consecutive patients underwent MRE of the liver at 3 Tesla with 2D-GRE and 2D-SE-EPI sequences. 'Mean liver stiffness (LS)' calculated by averaging 3 ROIs in the right lobe, 'Maximum LS' calculated by an ROI in the right lobe; and 'Freehand LS' calculated by an ROI in the entire liver were measured by two independent readers.

Dynamic [18F]FET-PET/MRI using standard MRI-based attenuation correction methods.

Aim: To assess if tumour grading based on dynamic [18F]FET positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) studies is affected by different MRI-based attenuation correction (AC) methods.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with suspected brain tumours underwent dynamic [18F]FET-PET/MRI examinations and subsequent low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans of the head. The dynamic PET data was reconstructed using the following AC methods: standard Dixon-based AC and ultra-short echo time MRI-based AC (MR-AC) and a model-based AC approach.