Direct stereoselective C(sp)-H alkylation of saturated heterocycles using olefins.

Despite cross-coupling strategies that enable the functionalization of aromatic heterocycles, the enantioselective C(sp)-H alkylation of readily available saturated hydrocarbons to construct C(sp)-C(sp) bonds remains a formidable challenge. Here we describe a nickel-catalysed enantioselective C(sp)-H alkylation of saturated heterocycles using olefins, providing an efficient strategy for the stereoselective construction of C(sp)-C(sp) bonds. Using readily available and stable olefins and simple saturated nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles as prochiral nucleophiles, the coupling reactions proceed under mild conditions and exhibit broad scope and high functional group tolerance.

PBX1 attenuates inflammation and apoptosis of trophoblast cells induced by LPS through downregulating the transcription of TMUB1: PBX1 ameliorates RSA development.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) brings tremendous difficulties to clinical treatment and prognosis. Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1), as a functional transcription factor, involves in the regulation of cell apoptosis and proliferation. However, the underlying mechanism of PBX1 in RSA treatment has not been explored.

Healthy Lifestyle and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Study of the Efficacy of Fatty Liver Regression.

Introduction: Obesity is the primary cause of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Healthy lifestyle management has potential value in the treatment of MASLD.

Methods: A total of 150 patients with MASLD diagnosed at the Health Management Center of our hospital were enrolled and randomly divided into a traditional treatment (control group, n = 75) and a healthy lifestyle group (observation group, n = 75).

Dimer-monomer transition defines a hyper-thermostable peptidoglycan hydrolase mined from bacterial proteome by lysin-derived antimicrobial peptide-primed screening.

Phage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases (i.e. lysins) are considered promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their direct peptidoglycan degradation activity and low risk of resistance development.

Super-resolution microscopy unveils the nanoscale organization and self-limiting clustering of CD47 in human erythrocytes.

The transmembrane protein CD47, an innate immune checkpoint protein, plays a pivotal role in preventing healthy erythrocytes from immune clearance. Our study utilized stochastic optical-reconstruction microscopy (STORM) and single-molecule analysis to investigate the distribution of CD47 on the human erythrocyte membrane. Contrary to previous findings in mouse erythrocytes, we discovered that CD47 exists in randomly distributed monomers rather than in clusters across the human erythrocyte membrane.

Integration of virtual screening and proteomics reveals potential targets and pathways for ginsenoside Rg against myocardial ischemia.

Background: Ginsenoside Rg (Rg) is one of the main active components in Chinese medicines, and . Research has shown that Rg has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system, including anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, anti-apoptosis, and promotion of myocardial angiogenesis, suggesting it a potential cardiovascular agent. However, the protective mechanism involved is still not fully understood.

The first structure of human Golm1 coiled coil domain reveals an unexpected tetramer and highlights its structural diversity.

Golgi membrane protein 1 (Golm1), a transmembrane protein with diverse subcellular localizations, has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its strong association with the development and progression of liver diseases and numerous cancers. Interestingly, although Golm1 is a membrane protein, the C-terminal of Golm1, which contains a coiled coil domain and a flexible acid region, can also be detected in the plasma of patients with various liver diseases. Notably, the coiled coil domain of serum Golm1 is postulated to play a pivotal role in physiological and pathological functions.

Analysis of the factors influencing of sleep quality in intensive care unit awake patients based on a structural equation model: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to construct and validate a structural equation model (SEM) to identify factors associated with sleep quality in awake patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to assist in the development of clinical intervention strategies.

Research Methods/setting: In this cross-sectional study, 200 awake patients who were cared for in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in China were surveyed via several self-report questionnaires and wearable actigraphy sleep monitoring devices. Based on the collected data, structural equation modelling analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical analysis software.

Dihydroartemisinin suppresses the tumorigenesis of esophageal carcinoma by elevating DAB2IP expression in a NFIC-dependent manner.

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been identified to have the anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Disabled homolog 2 interacting protein (DAB2IP) is a well-recognized tumor suppressor. Both DHA and DAB2IP were proven to have suppressing effects on esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) tumorigenesis.

FOXO3 Inhibits the Cisplatin Resistance and Progression of Melanoma Cells by Promoting CDKN1C Transcription.

Background: Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1 C Gene (CDKN1C) have been shown to be involved in the melanoma process, but their roles in the cisplatin (DDP) resistance of melanoma remain unclear.

Methods: The mRNA levels of CDKN1C and FOXO3 were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The protein levels of CDKN1C, FOXO3 and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mtOXPHOS)-related markers were determinant by western blot analysis.

Collective Cell Radial Ordered Migration in Spatial Confinement.

Collective cells, a typical active matter system, exhibit complex coordinated behaviors fundamental for various developmental and physiological processes. The present work discovers a collective radial ordered migration behavior of NIH3T3 fibroblasts that depends on persistent top-down regulation with 2D spatial confinement. Remarkably, individual cells move in a weak-oriented, diffusive-like rather than strong-oriented ballistic manner.

Microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics jointly lead to hepatic histopathological damage and antioxidant dysfunction in male zebrafish.

The co-occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and nano-microplastic pollution in the water is becoming an emerging risk. To assess the combined hepatotoxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on zebrafish (Danio rerio), male adult zebrafish were exposed to single MC-LR (0, 1, 5, 25 μg/L) and a mixture of MC-LR and PSMPs (100 μg/L). After 60 d exposure, the results indicated that PSMPs significantly increased the MC-LR bioaccumulation in the livers in contrast to the single 25 μg/L MC-LR treatment group.

Effect of Infusion Set Replacement Intervals on Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection in the Intensive Care Unit: Study Protocol of the INSPIRATION Study.

Introduction: The replacement intervals for infusion sets may differ among healthcare institutions, which may have an impact on the occurrence of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). Nevertheless, there exists a limited amount of high-quality evidence available to assist clinicians in determining the most suitable replacement intervals for infusion sets. Therefore, the objective of this trial is to compare the efficacy of 24-h and 96-h replacement intervals for infusion sets on CLABSI among critically ill adults who have central venous access devices.

Pan-cancer and multi-omics analyses revealed the diagnostic and prognostic value of BAZ2A in liver cancer.

BAZ2A, an epigenetic regulatory factor that affects ribosomal RNA transcription, has been shown to be highly expressed in several cancers and promotes tumor cell migration. This study explored the expression and mechanism of BAZ2A in tumorigenesis at the pan-cancer level. The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus databases and TIMER2.

Structural and biochemical characterization of active sites mutant in human inorganic pyrophosphatase.

Inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) into phosphate (Pi). Human inorganic pyrophosphatase 1 (Hu-PPase) exhibits high expression levels in a variety of tumors and plays roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, making it a promising prognostic biomarker and a target for cancer therapy. Despite its widespread presence, the catalytic mechanism of Hu-PPase in humans remains inadequately understood.

Saracatinib inhibits necroptosis and ameliorates psoriatic inflammation by targeting MLKL.

Necroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death that causes the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and inflammatory disease including skin inflammation. Activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) is the hallmark of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF)-induced necroptosis. Here, we screened a small-molecule compound library and found that saracatinib inhibited TNF-induced necroptosis.

Bereaved parents' perceptions of memory making: a qualitative meta-synthesis.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the experiences of parents who have experienced bereavement in their efforts to preserve memories of their deceased child.

Methods: Employing a qualitative meta-synthesis approach, this study systematically sought relevant qualitative literature by conducting searches across various electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Wiley, up until July 2023.

Results: Nine studies are eligible for inclusion and included in the meta-synthesis.

Safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (coGVHD).

Methods: A prospective cohort study. Seventeen patients with severe coGVHD were selected for inclusion in this study.

Validation of the Simplified Chinese Palliative Care Nursing Self-Competence Scale: Two Cross-sectional Studies.

Background: Due to the increasing burden of life-limiting illnesses, the need for palliative care has increased. Nurses' palliative care competence is a vital factor in improving its accessibility. A reliable instrument is needed to measure nurses' competence in providing palliative care.