Presence of an abnormal beta 2-microglobulin mRNA in Daudi cells: induction by interferon.

Human alpha and beta interferons increase the amount of class I human histocompatibility messenger RNA HLA-A, B, C and beta 2-microglobulin in most human cells studied to date. This report concerns the effect of interferons on the Burkitt lymphoma-derived cell line Daudi, which does not express HLA-A, B, C antigens or beta 2-microglobulin on its membrane. HLA-A, B, C messenger RNA present in Daudi cells is increased by both alpha and beta interferons.

Preferential effect of gamma interferon on the synthesis of HLA antigens and their mRNAs in human cells.

Interferons produce a variety of biological effects on cells. They induce resistance to virus proliferation, inhibit cell growth, modify cell structure and differentiation, stimulate some immune functions and inhibit others. However, the different interferon (IFN) species may vary in their mechanism of action and, hence, in their relative efficiency for inducing each of the effect.

[Effect of interferon on human cell lines which do not express class I transplantation antigens: K 562 and Daudi. Presence of a pseudo-messenger RNA of beta 2-microglobulin in Daudi cell line].

Human alpha and beta interferons increase the rate of class I human MHC antigens mRNA HLA-A, B, C and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) in most human cells studied so far. The present work studies the effect of those interferons upon cell lines which do not express class I antigen on their membrane: K 562 et Daudi. If beta 2m mRNA is enhanced in K 562 cell by both alpha and beta interferons, those interferons are not able to promote the de novo synthesis of HLA-A, B, c mRNA, which is not detectable in this cell line.

A five-generation family with sacral agenesis and spina bifida: possible similarities with the mouse T-locus.

In man, a malformation that recalls some of the defects associated with T/t mutants in the mouse is sacral agenesis. We report on a family with a high incidence of sacral malformation, ranging from a complete absence of the sacrum (SA), with or without spina bifida aperta, to a spina bifida occulta (SBO) that could only be detected by x-ray. The condition appeared in a man with four children who were all affect, and thereafter, to varying degrees, in 17 of his 28 descendants.

A new Epstein-Barr virus negative Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell-line. I. Analysis of cell surface markers and abnormal expression of HLA antigens.

CHEV, a new Epstein-Barr virus negative Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell line has been studied. Karyotype analyses demonstrated the t (8; 14) characteristic translocation. Cell surface characterisation of this line showed the presence of mu and chi immunoglobulin chains and beta 2-microglobulin and the absence of the complement receptor.

A monoclonal antibody with anti-Burkitt lymphoma specificity. I. Analysis of human haematopoietic and lymphoid cell lines.

38-13 is a hybridoma-produced monoclonal rat IgM which appears to define a Burkitt's lymphoma-associated antigen (BLA). In this paper, we described the reactivity of 38-13 with a panel of human haematopoietic and lymphoid cell lines. In indirect immunofluorescence (IF) assays, 15 of 26 Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) lines studied were clearly stained with 38-13 (from 13 to 100% positive cells) by microscope, with varying numbers of heavily labelled cells.

Surface markers on mouse cells transformed after exposure to HeLa chromosomes are Mycoplasma membrane proteins.

Antisera were raised against HeLa cells and mouse cells transformed after exposure to HeLa chromosomes (ME-ch.HeLa). The antisera were positive in indirect immunofluorescence assays on both HeLa and ME-ch.

Interferon-dependent induction of mRNA for the major histocompatibility antigens in human fibroblasts and lymphoblastoid cells.

In human cells treated with interferons, there is an increase in the amount of HLA-A,B,C and beta 2-microglobulin exposed on the cell surface. We have used a cloned HLA-A,B,C cDNA probe to demonstrate by molecular hybridization that this effect of interferon is preceded by a large increase in the amount of HLA mRNA in the cell. This effect was found in five different human cell lines, with purified leukocyte and fibroblast interferons.

Effects of H--Y antigen on morphologic and endocrine differentiation of gonads in mammals.

The effects of H--Y antigen, released in a soluble state by male human Burkitt lymphomas and mouse teratomas, were studied in the fetal gonads from 13 to 21-day-old rats and 98-day-old calves, using histologic techniques, radioimmunoassays for testosterone, and bioassays for Müllerian-inhibiting substance (MIS). Whereas no effect was detected in the younger gonads, some structural changes were observed in bovine and 21-day-old rat ovaries when cultured for 5 days with Daudi and male teratoma supernatants, but there was no synthesis of testosterone or MIS. These observations raise questions concerning the critical period of sensitivity to H--Y antigen of female gonads, and the dissociation between morphologic and biochemical events.

Monoclonal antibodies as a tool for phylogenetic studies of major histocompatibility antigens and beta 2-microglobulin.

The cross-reactivity of several monoclonal antibodies recognizing monomorphic determinants of human HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens and human beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) has been studied on peripheral blood leukocytes in 24 different species. An monoclonal HLA-A-, B-, and C-specific antibody and four monoclonal HLA-DR-specific antibodies cross-reacted with cells from all the primate species tested. Furthermore, antibodies HLA-DR-specific were positive with peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from cows, goats, sheep, horses, and dogs.

Monoclonal antibody against a Burkitt lymphoma-associated antigen.

A monoclonal antibody, referred to as 38.13, was obtained by fusing murine myeloma cells with Lewis rat splenocytes sensitized with Daudi cells (human Burkitt lymphoma containing Epstein--Barr virus genome but lacking HLA-A, -B, and -C and beta 2-microglobulin molecules at the cell surface). 38.

Interferon enhances the amount of membrane-bound beta2-microglobulin and its release from human Burkitt cells.

Human leukocytes interferon (HuIFN-A) increased the amount of beta2-microglobulin on the surface of human Burkitt lymphoma cells (Ramos) and also increased the amount released into the culture medium. The effect was observed 1 h after addition of IFN. These results suggest that the increase in beta2-microglobulin on the cell surface of IFN-treated cells is not due to a decreased shedding of antigen from the cell surface, nor an "unmasking" of surface antigen, but rather to an increased synthesis of antigen.

[Production of monoclonal antibodies against HBs (author's transl)].

Two BALB/c mice were immunized 4 times with a mixture of adw2 and ayw4 subtypes of HBs antigens. Their spleens were then hybridized with mouse myeloma cell line NS1. Using three different radioimmunoassays (RIA), 264 independent hybridomas were screened for anti-HBs activity.

Characterization of human teratoma cell lines for their in vitro developmental properties and expression of embryonic and major histocompatibility locus-associated antigens.

Five human teratoma cell lines have been characterized for the presence of a certain number of marker antigens whose presence or absence has been shown to be characteristic of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. Four out of the five lines have been shown to respond to at least some of the criteria associated with murine EC cells even though only limited in vitro differentiation could be demonstrated. The significance of certain unusual marker antigen combinations present on the cell line Tera I and its clones and so far unobserved for the murine model is discussed.

Selective expression of blood group antigens on human teratocarcinoma cell lines.

The presence of the blood group antigens H, P, Pk as well as the T-antigen of Thomsen-Friedenreich (detected by the PNA lectin) was investigated at the surface of human embryonal carcinoma cells and of normal or tumor cell lines from adult individuals by an indirect immunofluorescence method. The PNA lectin binds to all the teratoma cell lines investigated but only occasionally to the adult cell lines. The H antigen was detected by fluorescence only onto the embryonic carcinoma cell PA1, but the H enzyme (2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase) was found catalytically active in all teratoma cells tested: PA1, Susa, Tera I and Tera Ii.

[H-Y antigen and sexual dysgenesis in man].

H-Y antigen is a surface component associated with the heterogametic sex of various species and supposed to induce testicular differentiation. Genes controlling directly or not the expression of H-Y antigen and testicular differentiation have been localized on Y as well as on X chromosome and even autosomal chromosome. However the genetical localization of the H-Y structural gene remains unknown.

Clinical, cytogenetical, histological, immunological and hormonal studies in a case of true hermaphroditism.

A true hermaphrodite with ambiguous genitalia and 46XX karyotype was studied from 18 months of age to 17 years. At 13 years, he developed an ambiguous puberty, with marked bilateral gynaecomastia and public hair score three. A relatively high testosterone level (21 nmol/l), not increased by hCG stimulation, was associated with a high LH level (6 UI/l).

Functional study and detection of HLA-D products on fractionated human bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells from nine normal human volunteers obtained from the Iliac crest, were used in this work for antigen determination and functional studies. The bone marrow aspirated cells were sequentially separated: elimination of erythrocyte, granulocytes and monocytes achieved by Ficoll-Isopaque centrifugation followed by plastic adherence. Purified bone marrow cells were finally separated by size using velocity sedimentation.

Characterization of a human ovarian teratocarcinoma-derived cell line.

A cell line (PA I), derived from human ovarian teratocarcinoma cells, was obtained by culturing ascitic fluid cells from a patient with recurrence of malignant ovarian teratoma. During early passages the cultured cells showed a variable morphology, a long doubling time, and a low plating efficiency (2%). After about 50 passages in vitro, a cell population which was more homogeneous and resembled embryonal carcinoma cells were obtained.

[Clinical, cytogenetical, histological, immunological and hormonal studies in a case of true hermaphroditism (author's transl)].

A true hermaphrodite with ambiguous genitalia and 46 XX caryotype was investigated during adolescence. At 13 years testosterone concentrations (ng/ml) were 6 and 390 respectively in peripheral and right ovotestis venous blood. After removal of the right gonad, large fluctuations of estradiol levels (40 to 220 pg/ml) were observed.

[Genetic, biochemical and functional study of the H-Y antigen in man].

H-Y antigen, first described as a male minor transplantation antigen, is unvarying associated with testicular differentiation, more than the presence of Y chromosome. The weak reactivity of anti H-Y serum needs quantitative and very sensitive tests to detect presence or absence of H-Y. This antigen may act as an hormone, to induce testicular differentiation of target cells, bearing a specific receptor at their surface.