Preliminary adaptation of the systems thinking for everyday work cue card set in a US healthcare system: a pragmatic and participatory co-design approach.

Introduction: Healthcare is a highly complex adaptive system, requiring a systems approach to understand its behaviour better. We adapt the Systems Thinking for Everyday Work (STEW) cue cards, initially introduced as a systems approach tool in the UK, in a US healthcare system as part of a study investigating the feasibility of a systems thinking approach for front-line workers.

Methods: The original STEW cards were adapted using consensus-building methods with front-line staff and safety leaders.

Glacier retreat reorganizes river habitats leaving refugia for Alpine invertebrate biodiversity poorly protected.

Alpine river biodiversity around the world is under threat from glacier retreat driven by rapid warming, yet our ability to predict the future distributions of specialist cold-water species is currently limited. Here we link future glacier projections, hydrological routing methods and species distribution models to quantify the changing influence of glaciers on population distributions of 15 alpine river invertebrate species across the entire European Alps, from 2020 to 2100. Glacial influence on rivers is projected to decrease steadily, with river networks expanding into higher elevations at a rate of 1% per decade.

Antimicrobial Resistance, Serologic and Molecular Characterization of Isolated from Calves with Severe or Fatal Enteritis in Bavaria, Germany.

Worldwide, enterotoxigenic (ETEC) cause neonatal diarrhea and high mortality rates in newborn calves, leading to great economic losses. In Bavaria, Germany, no recent facts are available regarding the prevalence of virulence factors or antimicrobial resistance of ETEC in calves. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 8713 isolates obtained from 7358 samples of diseased or deceased diarrheic calves were investigated between 2015 to 2019.

Transglutaminase 2: a novel therapeutic target for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis using selective small molecule inhibitors.

This study investigates the effects of a site-directed TG2-selective inhibitor on the lung myofibroblast phenotype and ECM deposition to elucidate TG2 as a novel therapeutic target in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)-an incurable progressive fibrotic disease. IPF fibroblasts showed increased expression of TG2, α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and fibronectin (FN) with increased extracellular TG2 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) compared to normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) which do not express αSMA and express lower levels of FN. The myofibroblast phenotype shown by IPF fibroblasts could be reversed by selective TG2 inhibition with a reduction in matrix FN and TGFβ1 deposition.

Screening for Susceptibility of Macadamia to and its Fungal Symbiont .

The polyphagous shothole borer (, PSHB), an ambrosia beetle, with its fungal symbiont, , is responsible for Fusarium dieback (FD) in a wide range of woody hosts. In 2019, the first suspected case of was reported in macadamia in South Africa. The aims of this study were to confirm the report and thereafter to assess the susceptibility of commercially planted macadamia cultivars to FD caused by The identities of the beetle and associated fungal symbionts were confirmed by means of DNA sequence analysis of the 28S ribosomal large subunit gene for beetles and the internal transcribed spacer region for fungi.

Rapid clearance of Borrelia burgdorferi from the blood circulation.

Background: Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme borreliosis (LB). After an initial tick bite, it spreads from the deposition site in the dermis to distant tissues of the host. It is generally believed that this spirochete disseminates via the hematogenous route.

A study with a commercial vaccine against Lyme borreliosis in horses using two different vaccination schedules: Characterization of the humoral immune response.

A total of 143 horses were included in a study to test a commercial vaccine against Lyme borreliosis. The vaccine contained three different antigens (outer surface protein A, OspA) to prevent the infection with spirochetes - B.burgdorferi sensu stricto, B.

EglN3 hydroxylase stabilizes BIM-EL linking VHL type 2C mutations to pheochromocytoma pathogenesis and chemotherapy resistance.

Despite the discovery of the oxygen-sensitive regulation of HIFα by the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein, the mechanisms underlying the complex genotype/phenotype correlations in VHL disease remain unknown. Some germline mutations cause familial pheochromocytoma and encode proteins that preserve their ability to down-regulate HIFα. While type 1, 2A, and 2B mutants are defective in regulating HIFα, type 2C mutants encode proteins that preserve their ability to down-regulate HIFα.

Recovering host cell-free Anaplasma phagocytophilum from HL-60 cells by using rock tumbler grit in comparison to the syringe lysis method.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap) is a tick-transmitted obligate intracellular bacterium and the causative agent of the granulocytic anaplasmosis in various species of domestic animals and in humans. During intracellular development Ap transforms from a dense-cored cell form into a reticulate cell form and vice versa. For isolation of intracellular bacteria, a range of different purification methods is used.

Declining glacier cover threatens the biodiversity of alpine river diatom assemblages.

Climate change poses a considerable threat to the biodiversity of high altitude ecosystems worldwide, including cold-water river systems that are responding rapidly to a shrinking cryosphere. Most recent research has demonstrated the severe vulnerability of river invertebrates to glacier retreat but effects upon other aquatic groups remain poorly quantified. Using new data sets from the European Alps, we show significant responses to declining glacier cover for diatoms, which play a critical functional role as freshwater primary producers.

The Multitrophic Effects of Climate Change and Glacier Retreat in Mountain Rivers.

Climate change is driving the thinning and retreat of many glaciers globally. Reductions of ice-melt inputs to mountain rivers are changing their physicochemical characteristics and, in turn, aquatic communities. Glacier-fed rivers can serve as model systems for investigations of climate-change effects on ecosystems because of their strong atmospheric-cryospheric links, high biodiversity of multiple taxonomic groups, and significant conservation interest concerning endemic species.

Functional diversity and community assembly of river invertebrates show globally consistent responses to decreasing glacier cover.

Global change threatens invertebrate biodiversity and its central role in numerous ecosystem functions and services. Functional trait analyses have been advocated to uncover global mechanisms behind biodiversity responses to environmental change, but the application of this approach for invertebrates is underdeveloped relative to other organism groups. From an evaluation of 363 records comprising >1.

Combined epigenetic and differentiation-based treatment inhibits neuroblastoma tumor growth and links HIF2α to tumor suppression.

Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer characterized by variable outcomes ranging from spontaneous regression to life-threatening progression. High-risk neuroblastoma patients receive myeloablative chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell transplant followed by adjuvant retinoid differentiation treatment. However, the overall survival remains low; hence, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches.

Effects of Self-Selected Exercise on Strength in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Subtypes.

Background: Preliminary studies have supported the utility of exercise as a treatment for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) patients. Despite being the most common inherited neuropathy, there remains a paucity of guidelines for CMT management.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 297 CMT patients.

Neuroblast differentiation during development and in neuroblastoma requires KIF1Bβ-mediated transport of TRKA.

We recently identified pathogenic β mutations in sympathetic nervous system malignancies that are defective in developmental apoptosis. Here we deleted β in the mouse sympathetic nervous system and observed impaired sympathetic nervous function and misexpression of genes required for sympathoadrenal lineage differentiation. We discovered that KIF1Bβ is required for nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent neuronal differentiation through anterograde transport of the NGF receptor TRKA.

Transplacental transmission of Theileria orientalis occurs at a low rate in field-affected cattle: infection in utero does not appear to be a major cause of abortion.

Background: Bovine theileriosis, caused by the haemoprotozoan Theileria orientalis, is an emerging disease in East Asia and Australasia. Previous studies have demonstrated transplacental transmission of various Theileria spp. but molecular confirmation of transplacental transmission of T.

Two alternative DNA extraction methods to improve the detection of Mycobacterium-tuberculosis-complex members in cattle and red deer tissue samples.

Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), which is caused by Mycobacterium bovis and M. caprae, is a notifiable animal disease in Germany. Diagnostic procedure is based on a prescribed protocol that is published in the framework of German bTB legislation.

The 2-oxoglutarate analog 3-oxoglutarate decreases normoxic hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in cancer cells, induces cell death, and reduces tumor xenograft growth.

The cellular response to hypoxia is primarily regulated by the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIF-1α is also a major mediator of tumor physiology, and its abundance is correlated with therapeutic resistance in a broad range of cancers. Accumulation of HIF-1α under hypoxia is mainly controlled by the oxygen-sensing HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (EGLNs, also known as PHDs).

A Comparison of the Sensitivity of Brush Allodynia and Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Testing in the Detection of Allodynia Within Regions of Secondary Hyperalgesia in Humans.

Background: Two of the most common Quantitative Sensory Techniques (QST) employed to detect allodynia include mechanical brush allodynia and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments. However, their relative sensitivity at detecting allodynia is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of brush allodynia against Semmes-Weinstein monofilament technique for detecting allodynia within regions of secondary hyperalgesia in humans.

The 1p36 Tumor Suppressor KIF 1Bβ Is Required for Calcineurin Activation, Controlling Mitochondrial Fission and Apoptosis.

KIF1Bβ is a candidate 1p36 tumor suppressor that regulates apoptosis in the developing sympathetic nervous system. We found that KIF1Bβ activates the Ca(2+)-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CN) by stabilizing the CN-calmodulin complex, relieving enzymatic autoinhibition and enabling CN substrate recognition. CN is the key mediator of cellular responses to Ca(2+) signals and its deregulation is implicated in cancer, cardiac, neurodegenerative, and immune disease.

Development and validation of an inexpensive and efficient method for the extraction of Theileria orientalis DNA from blood.

Theileria orientalis is an emerging bovine pathogen in Australasia. PCR-based detection methods for this parasite are sensitive but relatively expensive, partly due to costs associated with DNA extraction. An inexpensive and efficient technique was developed for the extraction of T.

Development and validation of a quantitative PCR assay using multiplexed hydrolysis probes for detection and quantification of Theileria orientalis isolates and differentiation of clinically relevant subtypes.

Theileria orientalis is an emerging pathogen of cattle in Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. This organism is a vector-borne hemoprotozoan that causes clinical disease characterized by anemia, abortion, and death, as well as persistent subclinical infections. Molecular methods of diagnosis are preferred due to their sensitivity and utility in differentiating between pathogenic and apathogenic genotypes.