Human cold pain: a randomized crossover trial.

The mechanism causing cold pain in humans is unresolved. Animal data suggest a nonredundant contribution to cold pain for transient receptor potential channels TRPM8 and TRPA1 for detection and voltage-gated sodium channels NaV1.7 and NaV1.

Project "Backtoclinic I": An overview on the state of care of adult PKU patients in Austria.

Background: High rates of lost to follow-up (LTFU) adult patients are a major concern in the long-term management of phenylketonuria (PKU). To address this issue, we designed the project "Backtoclinic" with the purpose of identifying LTFU adult PKU patients in Austria as a first step to reestablish appropriate treatment.

Subjects And Methods: Individuals born between 1966 and 1999 and diagnosed with PKU through the National Austrian Newborn Screening Program (NANSP) were identified using the NANSP's database.

Lamina-specific properties of spinal astrocytes.

Astrocytes are indispensable for proper neuronal functioning. Given the diverse needs of neuronal circuits and the variety of tasks astrocytes perform, the perceived homogeneous nature of astrocytes has been questioned. In the spinal dorsal horn, complex neuronal circuitries regulate the integration of sensory information of different modalities.