Changes in body fat composition after 1 year of salvage therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimens and its relationship with lopinavir plasma concentrations.

Objective: To determine whether an association existed between lopinavir (LPV) plasma concentrations and changes in body fat composition.

Design: A prospective, non-randomized study.

Setting: HIV clinic of a University Hospital.

[Usefulness of acute-phase proteins in community-acquired pneumonia].

Background And Objective: We aimed to study the usefulness of acute-phase proteins in the evolution and microbial diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Patients And Method: One-year prospective study of CAP. Plasma levels of C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and fibrinogen were measured on admission in all patients with CAP.

[Scientific production in infectious diseases in Spain (1991-2001): position within the European Union].

Introduction: Medical research in our geographic area has undergone significant changes over the last three decades. The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine Spain's medical research output published in the journals included in the Infectious Diseases section of the Journal Citation Reports, and to compare it with that of other European Union (EU) countries.

Methods: The PubMed Web site (MEDLINE) was used to retrieve medical articles published by authors from Spain and other EU countries from 1991 to 2001 in 36 infectious disease journals included in the Infectious Diseases section of the Journal Citation Reports.

Lopinavir plasma concentrations and changes in lipid levels during salvage therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimens.

Objective: To determine whether an association existed between lopinavir (LPV) plasma concentrations and changes in lipid levels.

Design: A prospective, nonrandomized study.

Subjects: HIV-infected subjects with virologic failure on protease inhibitor-containing regimens.

Evaluation of the immunochromatographic Binax NOW assay for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a prospective study of community-acquired pneumonia in Spain.

We evaluated the Binax NOW rapid immunochromatographic membrane test (ICT) for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a population-based prospective study of adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). ICT was performed with urine samples obtained from 452 (91.7%) of 493 patients enrolled.

[Factors associated with resistance to human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors].

Background: To assess the risk factors associated with genotypic resistance to protease inhibitors (PI) in HIV-infected subjects with virologic failure despite highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART).

Patients And Method: Retrospective chart review including 47 consecutive patients with virologic failure despite PI-based HAART who had undergone a genotypic HIV-1 testing. The prevalence of genotypic resistance to PI was determined and several demographic, clinical and laboratory variables were compared between patients with and without genotypic resistance to those drugs.

Molecular characterization of a Spanish isolate of Mycobacterium malmoense.

We present the genomic characterization of a Spanish isolate of Mycobacterium malmoense. Identification and molecular characterization of the microorganism were performed using the technique of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) and sequencing of the 16S and the ITS spacer (16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region). It was seen that our isolate is very similar to the strain described in Sweden, but differs in the sequencing of the ITS from the isolate in Great Britain.

Fulminant hepatitis and fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell disease) coincident with clarithromycin administration in an alcoholic patient receiving disulfiram therapy.

Disulfiram is widely used in the treatment of chronic alcoholism. Adverse drug reactions with fatal outcome following disulfiram therapy are infrequent, and hepatic failure accounts for most of them. Since disulfiram is a cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system inhibitor, numerous interactions with several drugs metabolized in the liver have been reported.