ChatGPT: Can You Prepare My Patients for [F]FDG PET/CT and Explain My Reports?

We evaluated whether the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT can adequately answer patient questions related to [F]FDG PET/CT in common clinical indications before and after scanning. Thirteen questions regarding [F]FDG PET/CT were submitted to ChatGPT. ChatGPT was also asked to explain 6 PET/CT reports (lung cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma) and answer 6 follow-up questions (e.

Complete Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in a Platinum Resistant Primary Ovarian Cancer Patient With Lynch Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background/aim: Lynch syndrome (LS) is the secondary cause of hereditary ovarian cancer (OC). Germline mutations in the DNA-mismatch repair (MMR) genes cause tumorigenesis and a high immunogenicity. Recent studies showed a promising use of immunotherapy in MMR deficient (MMRd) tumors.

Transarterial Yttrium-90 Radioembolization in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients: Outcome Assessment Applying a Prognostic Score.

Radioembolization (RE) is a viable therapy option in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study delineates a prognostic score regarding overall survival (OS) after RE using routine pre-therapeutic parameters. A retrospective analysis of 39 patients (median age, 61 [range, 32−82] years; 26 females, 13 males) with ICC and 42 RE procedures was conducted.

When Treatment of Pulmonary Emphysema with Endobronchial Valves Did Not Work: Evaluation of Quantitative CT Analysis and Pulmonary Function Tests Before and After Valve Explantation.

Purpose: To investigate changes in quantitative CT analysis (QCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) in pulmonary emphysema patients who required premature removal of endobronchial valves (EBV).

Patients And Methods: Our hospital's medical records listed 274 patients with high-grade COPD (GOLD stages 3 and 4) and pulmonary emphysema who were treated with EBV to reduce lung volume. Prior to intervention, a complete evaluation was performed that included quantitative computed tomography analysis (QCT) of scans acquired at full inspiration and full expiration, pulmonary function tests (PFT), and paraclinical findings (6-minute walking distance test (6MWDT) and quality of life questionnaires).

Spectral CT Hybrid Images in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Hypervascular Abdominal Tumors-Potential Advantages in Clinical Routine.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the use of spectral computed tomography (SCT) hybrid images combining virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) and iodine maps (IMs) as a potentially efficient search series for routine clinical imaging in patients with hypervascular abdominal tumors.

Methods: A total of 69 patients with hypervascular abdominal tumors including neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs, = 48), renal cell carcinoma (RCC, = 10), and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, = 11) were analyzed retrospectively. Two radiological readers (blinded to clinical data) read three CT image sets (1st a reference set with 70 keV; 2nd a 50:50 hybrid 140 keV/40 keV set; 3rd a 50:50 hybrid 140 keV/IM set).

Angiosarcomas of Primary Gynecologic Origin - A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background/aim: Angiosarcoma of primary gynecologic origin is an extremely rare and highly malignant tumor of endothelial origin with a 5-year survival rate of less than 35%. To date, only 61 cases have been described in the literature. The aim of this study was to present more cases and discuss potential therapy options.

Quantitative CT Analysis in Patients with Pulmonary Emphysema: Do Calculated Differences Between Full Inspiration and Expiration Correlate with Lung Function?

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate correlations between parameters of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) analysis, especially the 15th percentile of lung attenuation (P15), and parameters of clinical tests in a large group of patients with pulmonary emphysema.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and seventy-two patients with pulmonary emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) stage 3 or 4 were assessed by nonenhanced thin-section CT scans in full inspiratory and expiratory breath-hold, pulmonary function test (PFT), a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and quality of life questionnaires (SGRQ and CAT). QCT parameters included total lung volume (TLV), total emphysema score (TES), and P15, all measured at inspiration (IN) and expiration (EX).

Improvement of image quality and diagnostic confidence using Smart MAR - a projection-based CT protocol in patients with orthopedic metallic implants in hip, spine, and shoulder.

Background: In computed tomography (CT) scans, artifacts caused by metallic orthopedic implants still hamper the visualization of important, periprosthetic tissues. Smart MAR metal artifact reduction tool is a promising three-stage, projection-based, post-processing algorithm.

Purpose: To determine whether the Smart MAR tool improves subjective and objective image quality and diagnostic confidence in patients with orthopedic implants of the hip, spine, and shoulder.

The Renal Resistive Index in Allografts: Is Sonographic Assessment Sufficiently Reproducible in a Routine Clinical Setting? - Reproducibility of the Renal Resistive Index.

Purpose:  To assess the reproducibility of the renal resistive index (RRI) in a routine clinical setting.

Materials And Methods:  22 patients with a kidney allograft and 19 physicians participated in our prospective study. Within 2 hours each patient was examined by 5 different physicians using 2 out of 3 different, randomly allocated ultrasound machines.

Metallic dental artifact reduction in computed tomography (Smart MAR): Improvement of image quality and diagnostic confidence in patients with suspected head and neck pathology and oral implants.

Purpose: We determined whether the Smart MAR metal artifact reduction tool - a three-stage, projection-based, post processing algorithm - improves subjective and objective image quality and diagnostic confidence in patients with dental artifacts and suspected head and neck pathology compared to standard adaptive statistical iterative reconstructions (ASIR V) alone.

Method: The study included 100 consecutive patients with nonremovable oral implants or dental fillings and suspected oropharyngeal cancer or abscess. CT raw data of a single-source multislice CT scanner were postprocessed using ASIR V alone and with additional Smart MAR reconstruction.

Quantitative CT analysis in patients with pulmonary emphysema: is lung function influenced by concomitant unspecific pulmonary fibrosis?

Purpose: Quantitative analysis of CT scans has proven to be a reproducible technique, which might help to understand the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. The aim of this retrospective study was to find out if the lung function of patients with COPD with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages III or IV and pulmonary emphysema is measurably influenced by high attenuation areas as a correlate of concomitant unspecific fibrotic changes of lung parenchyma.

Patients And Methods: Eighty-eight patients with COPD GOLD stage III or IV underwent CT and pulmonary function tests.

Tumour response in non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy - Can spectral CT predict recurrence?

Introduction: Tumour response in lung cancer treatment is monitored by measuring lesion size in computed tomography (CT). Spectral CT (SCT) offers additional information on tumour tissue besides morphology. We evaluated SCT iodine content (IC) and performed spectral slope analysis to assess the response of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Spectral CT in patients with acute thoracoabdominal bleeding-a safe technique to improve diagnostic confidence and reduce dose?

Computed tomography (CT) protocols for the detection of bleeding sources often include unenhanced CT series to distinguish contrast agent extravasation from calcification. This study evaluates whether virtual non-contrast images (VNC) can safely replace real non-contrast images (RNC) in the search for acute thoracoabdominal bleeding and whether monoenergetic imaging can improve the detection of the bleeding source.The 32 patients with active bleeding in spectral CT angiography (SCT) were retrospectively analyzed.

Primary and metastatic malignancies of the lung: Retrospective analysis of the CT-guided high-dose rate brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) ablation in tumours <4 cm and ≥4 cm.

Background: Minimal invasive local therapies are alternative treatment options in patients with primary and metastatic lung malignancies being not eligible for resection. However, thermal ablations are often limited by large tumour volumes.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT-HDRBT in pulmonary tumours ≥4 cm compared to smaller tumours.

Cholangiocarcinoma: CT-guided High-Dose Rate Brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) for Limited (<4 cm) and Large (>4 cm) Tumors.

Background/aim: Thermal-ablative therapies are limited to tumors of 3-4 cm diameter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the local tumor control (LTC) of CT-guided High-Dose-Rate-Brachytherapy (CT-HDRBT) for ablation of cholangiocarcinomas (CCA) ≥4 cm compared to smaller tumors.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-one patients (tumors: 142, interventions: 91) were treated from March 2008 to January 2017.

Clinical routine use of virtual monochromatic datasets based on spectral CT in patients with hypervascularized abdominal tumors - evaluation of effectiveness and efficiency.

Background: Virtual monochromatic images (VMI) generated using spectral computed tomography (CT) are promising recently available tools to improve diagnostic performance in oncologic patients.

Purpose: To investigate if virtual monochromatic datasets are suitable for clinical routine use in patients with hypervascularized abdominal tumors.

Material And Methods: A total of 41 patients with hypervascularized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), or neuroendocrine tumors (NET) were enrolled in the study; 451 CT series were analyzed.

Efficacy and comfort of medical compression stockings with low and moderate pressure six weeks after vein surgery.

Objective: The first two authors contributed equally to this work. A prospective, randomized study to evaluate efficacy, safety, and comfort of thigh-high, round knitted medical compression stockings (MCSs) with different pressure six weeks after vein surgery.

Methods: Female patients undergoing vein surgery were randomized for a compression therapy with low (18-21 mmHg, group A) or moderate (23-32 mmHg, group B) pressure MCSs.