Ethylene and epoxyethane metabolism in methanotrophic bacteria: comparative genomics and physiological studies using .

The genome of the methanotrophic bacterium strain 10Ki contains a gene cluster that encodes a putative coenzyme-M (CoM)-dependent pathway for oxidation of epoxyethane, based on homology to genes in bacteria that grow on ethylene and propylene as sole substrates. An alkene monooxygenase was not detected in the genome, so epoxyethane is likely produced from co-oxidation of ethylene by the methane monooxygenase enzyme. Similar gene clusters were detected in about 10% of available genomes from aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, primarily strains grown from rice paddies and other wetlands.

Seasonal Dynamics of Methanotrophic Bacteria in a Boreal Oil Sands End Pit Lake.

Base Mine Lake (BML) is the first full-scale demonstration end pit lake for the oil sands mining industry in Canada. We examined aerobic methanotrophic bacteria over all seasons for 5 years in this dimictic lake. Methanotrophs comprised up to 58% of all bacterial reads in 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analyses (median 2.

Reduced Levels of D-dimer and Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition After Probiotic Intervention in HIV-Infected Individuals on Stable ART.

Background: Microbial translocation and chronic inflammation may contribute to non-AIDS morbidity in patients with HIV. This study assessed the impact of probiotic intervention on microbial translocation and inflammation in patients on antiretroviral therapy with viral suppression and subnormal CD4 count.

Methods: Thirty-two patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (CD4 <500 cells/μL) were randomized in a double-blind fashion to multistrain daily probiotics (n = 15), placebo (n = 9), or controls (n = 8) for 8 weeks.

Gut Microbiota in HIV Infection: Implication for Disease Progression and Management.

Survival rates among HIV patients have significantly improved since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV management. However, persistent disease progression and clinical complications in virally suppressed individuals point to additional contributing factors other than HIV replication; microbial translocation is one such factor. The role of underlying commensal microbes and microbial products that traverse the intestinal lumen into systemic circulation in the absence of overt bacteraemia is under current investigation.

Dominant fecal microbiota in newly diagnosed untreated inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Our knowledge about the microbiota associated with the onset of IBD is limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between IBD and the fecal microbiota for early diagnosed untreated patients. The fecal samples used were a part of the Inflammatory Bowel South-Eastern Norway II (IBSEN II) study and were collected from CD patients (n = 30), UC patients (n = 33), unclassified IBD (IBDU) patients (n = 3), and from a control group (n = 34).

Age-dependent fecal bacterial correlation to inflammatory bowel disease for newly diagnosed untreated children.

The knowledge about correlation patterns between the fecal microbiota and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)-comprising the two subforms Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)-for newly diagnosed untreated children is limited. To address this knowledge gap, a selection of faecal specimens (CD, n = 27 and UC, n = 16) and non-IBD controls (n = 30) children (age < 18 years) was analysed utilising bacterial small subunit (SSU) rRNA. We found, surprising age dependence for the fecal microbiota correlating to IBD.