Lung nodule detection in chest X-rays using synthetic ground-truth data comparing CNN-based diagnosis to human performance.

We present a method to generate synthetic thorax radiographs with realistic nodules from CT scans, and a perfect ground truth knowledge. We evaluated the detection performance of nine radiologists and two convolutional neural networks in a reader study. Nodules were artificially inserted into the lung of a CT volume and synthetic radiographs were obtained by forward-projecting the volume.

Detection of Bone Marrow Edema in Patients with Osteoid Osteoma Using Three-Material Decomposition with Dual-Layer Spectral CT.

The aim of this study is to assess whether perifocal bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with osteoid osteoma (OO) can be accurately detected on dual-layer spectral CT (DLCT) with three-material decomposition. To that end, 18 patients with OO (25.33 ± 12.

Cartilage repair surgery prevents progression of knee degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate, whether cartilage repair surgery for focal osteochondral defects at the knee results in less degenerative changes over 6 years in a MR imaging follow-up than morphologically initially identical defects in non-operated control subjects from the osteoarthritis initiative (OAI).

Methods: A total of 32 individuals received baseline and follow-up MRI. In n = 16 patients with cartilage repair [osteochondral autograft transfer system (OATS), n = 12; spongiosa-augmented matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI), n = 4] MRI was performed preoperatively and after 5.

Conservatively treated knee injury is associated with knee cartilage matrix degeneration measured with MRI-based T2 relaxation times: data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Objective: To investigate the association of cartilage degeneration with previous knee injuries not undergoing surgery, determined by morphologic and quantitative 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: We performed a nested cross-sectional study of right knee MRIs from participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) aged 45-79 with baseline Kellgren-Lawrence score of 0-2. Cases were 142 right knees of patients with self-reported history of injury limiting the ability to walk for at least 2 days.

Association of diabetes mellitus and biochemical knee cartilage composition assessed by T relaxation time measurements: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Purpose: To investigate the association of the presence and severity of diabetes mellitus (DM) with articular cartilage composition, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based T relaxation time measurements, and structural knee abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: In the Osteoarthritis Initiative 208, participants with DM (age 63.0 ± 8.