Challenging Management of a Rare Complex Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation in the Corpus Callosum and Post-Central Gyrus: A Case Study of a 41-Year-Old Female.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare but complex vascular anomalies, particularly challenging when located in eloquent regions such as the corpus callosum and post-central gyrus. This report aims to highlight the management and outcomes of a 41-year-old female patient with a hemorrhagic AVM in these critical areas, emphasizing the importance of early surgical intervention and advanced imaging techniques. The patient presented with a right-sided tonic-clonic seizure and expressive aphasia, prompting imaging that revealed a complex AVM with deep venous drainage and arterial supply from the anterior cerebral artery.

Life history strategy and romantic satisfaction in patients' behavior.

According to evolutionary psychologists, an individual-consciously or not-who allocates resources for somatic effort focuses on homeostasis and the protection of themselves and others. During health crises, patients must choose between mobilizing their remaining resources to either recover or accepting the disease as inevitable. When patients choose to be proactive in terms of protecting their health, are conscientious, and compliant in the recovery process, a high level of patient activation is achieved.

Clinical outcomes of posterior fossa arteriovenous malformations: a single center experience.

Background: Posterior fossa arterio-venous malformations (pfAVMs) are challenging lesions due to the anatomical particularities of the posterior fossa, and the high incidence of hemorrhagic presentation. The two most important goals when treating AVMs are preserving neurological function and preventing rupture, or a second hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and imaging features of pfAVMs to identify the factors that influence the prognosis of these patients.

Grading of glioma tumors using digital holographic microscopy.

Gliomas are the most common type of cerebral tumors; they occur with increasing incidence in the last decade and have a high rate of mortality. For efficient treatment, fast accurate diagnostic and grading of tumors are imperative. Presently, the grading of tumors is established by histopathological evaluation, which is a time-consuming procedure and relies on the pathologists' experience.

Proteometabolomics of initial and recurrent glioblastoma highlights an increased immune cell signature with altered lipid metabolism.

Background: There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms associated with the development, progression, and onset of recurrence after initial surgery in glioblastoma (GBM). The use of integrative phenotype-focused -omics technologies such as proteomics and lipidomics provides an unbiased approach to explore the molecular evolution of the tumor and its associated environment.

Methods: We assembled a cohort of patient-matched initial (iGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) specimens of resected GBM.

The role of catastrophizing and basic psychological needs satisfaction on health-related quality of life and pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common conditions associated with functional disability, affecting patients' quality of life (QOL). Disability can be affected by cognitive factors, such as pain catastrophizing. Similarly, unfulfilled basic psychological needs (i.

GFAPδ: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Glioblastoma.

GFAPδ, the delta isoform of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, is mainly expressed in the subventricular zone of the brain, together with other neural stem cell markers like nestin. The authors of this paper were among the first that described in detail the expression of GFAPδ and its correlation with malignancy and invasiveness in cerebral astrocytoma. Later, several papers confirmed these findings, showing that the alternative splice variant GFAPδ is overexpressed in glioblastoma (CNS WHO grade 4) compared with lower grade gliomas.

Editing and Chemical Modifications on Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer: A New Tale with Clinical Significance.

Currently, for seemingly every type of cancer, dysregulated levels of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are reported and non-coding transcripts are expected to be the next class of diagnostic and therapeutic tools in oncology. Recently, alterations to the ncRNAs transcriptome have emerged as a novel hallmark of cancer. Historically, ncRNAs were characterized mainly as regulators and little attention was paid to the mechanisms that regulate them.

Microsurgical approach for symptomatic brain AVMs - single center experience.

: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) represent high-flow vascular lesions made up of a complex network of feeding arteries and draining veins interposed by a nidus and without a capillary bed. The management of the AVMs represents a challenge, and the optimal treatment should be considered based on the particularities of each AVM. This paper aims to provide outcome data for the cohort of patients with AVMs that underwent surgical treatment.

Fighting Cancer Stem Cell Fate by Targeting LIS1 a WD40 Repeat Protein.

Cancer is one of the most frequent and devastating diseases. Previous reports have shown that radio and chemo-resistant cancer stem cell (CSC) population is primarily responsible for cancer recurrences after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Other studies demonstrated that Lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) protein, also known as platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1 (PAFAH1B1), a dynein-binding protein involved in neural stem cell division, plays a crucial role in maintaining CSC population in hematological malignancies.

Preferential Association of Lissencephaly-1 Gene Expression with CD133+ Glioblastoma Cells.

Lissencephaly-1 (Lis1) protein is a dynein-binding protein involved in neural stem cell division, morphogenesis and motility. To determine whether Lis1 is a key factor in glioblastoma, we evaluated its expression and function in CD133+ glioblastoma cells. Global, Lis1 gene expression is similar in glioblastoma and normal samples.

Challenges in a case of ophthalmic artery aneurysm associated with abnormal internal carotid arteries.

Ophthalmic artery aneurysms account for 5% of all cerebral aneurysms and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality related to subarachnoid hemorrhage. The diagnosis is often made only when the aneurysm is large enough to become symptomatic. They remain technically challenging for both neurosurgeon and interventional radiologist.

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma at pediatric age - case report and review of the literature.

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CMV-PTC) is a rare tumor, which exceptionally occurs at pediatric age. CMV-PTC may develop in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or may be a sporadic tumor. The authors present a case of CMV-PTC in a 10-year-old girl patient without FAP history, who presented with a left neck mass.

A retrospective, multi-center cohort study evaluating the severity- related effects of cerebrolysin treatment on clinical outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability for which there is currently no effective drug therapy available. Because drugs targeting a single TBI pathological pathway have failed to show clinical efficacy to date, pleiotropic agents with effects on multiple mechanisms of secondary brain damage could represent an effective option to improve brain recovery and clinical outcome in TBI patients. In this multicenter retrospective study, we investigated severity-related efficacy and safety of the add-on therapy with two concentrations (20 ml/day or 30 ml/day) of Cerebrolysin (EVER Neuro Pharma, Austria) in TBI patients.

Immunohistochemical analysis of GFAP-δ and nestin in cerebral astrocytomas.

GFAP-δ, the delta isoform of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, is particularly expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain. GFAP-δ positive cells in the SVZ co-express the neural stem cells (NSCs) marker nestin. According to the theory of glioma oncogenesis, transformation of a cell population with stem features which resides in the SVZ could be the origin of astrocytomas.

Olfactory groove meningiomas: a retrospective study on 59 surgical cases.

We report here a retrospective study of 59 consecutive patients with olfactory groove meningiomas admitted and operated on between 1991 and 2008. Our goal was to characterize clinical features, treatment strategies, and outcome of these lesions. The surgical resection grade, the histological type and the presence of recurrences in the follow-up period were analyzed.

Co-localization of PCNA, VCAM-1 and caspase-3 with nestin in xenografts derived from human anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme tumor spheres.

The cancer stem cell hypothesis proposes that tumors contain a small subset of cancer cells, the cancer stem cells, which constitute a reservoir of self-sustaining cells with the exclusive ability to self-renew and maintain the tumor. Markers that define cancer stem cells that are capable of recapitulating brain tumors as xenografts in mice has not been described. We investigated the relationship between expression of nestin and that of PCNA, VCAM-1 and caspase-3 in the xenografts developed from human anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma tumor-derived spheres in the brain of nude mouse.

Immunohistochemical localization of caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax in U87 glioblastoma xenografts.

Development of new therapies for glioblastoma requires animal models that mimic the biological characteristics of human brain tumors. On the other hand, potential antitumoral effects of a new therapeutic strategy are often established by evaluation of tumor cells apoptosis. Caspases are key mediators in the regulation and execution of apoptosis.

Lethal recurrent hemorrhages of a brainstem cavernoma.

Hemorrhages of brainstem cavernomas may cause severe neurological deficits. Surgical strategies are frequently described, and advanced neuromonitoring with intraoperative imaging can help neurosurgeons to achieve good results. However, patients are often confronted with significant therapeutic risks by the primary doctor before talking to an experienced brainstem neurosurgeon.