Free breathing 1H MRI of the human lung with an improved radial turbo spin-echo.

Objective: To optimize a radial turbo spin-echo sequence for motion-robust morphological lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in free respiration.

Materials And Methods: A versatile multi-shot radial turbo spin-echo (rTSE) sequence is presented, using a modified golden ratio-based reordering designed to prevent coherent streaking due to data inconsistencies from physiological motion and the decaying signal. The point spread function for a moving object was simulated using a model for joint respiratory and cardiac motion with a concomitant T2 signal decay and with rTSE acquisition using four different reordering techniques.