Longitudinal Testing of Olfactory and Gustatory Function in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate changes of the olfactory and gustatory capacity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methodology: 20 MS patients were tested longitudinally for 3 years after initial testing. The Threshold Discrimination Identification test (TDI) was used for subjective olfactometry.

Tract-based spatial statistics of the olfactory brain in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: To investigate diffusion tensor abnormalities, e.g. fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD), in olfactory structures of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Olfactory function in patients with multiple sclerosis: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Background: Previous research has shown that multiple sclerosis (MS) patients can develop olfactory disturbances.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to investigate how olfactory function in MS patients correlates with cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods: Olfactory performance was tested in 30 MS patients and 30 controls to determine odour threshold (T), odour discrimination (D), and odour identification (I) summarised in the TDI score.

Structural correlates of taste and smell loss in encephalitis disseminata.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction in MS patients is reported in the literature. MRI of the olfactory bulb (OB) is discussed as a promising new testing method for measuring olfactory function (OF). Aim of this study was to explore reasons for and optimize the detection of olfactory dysfunction in MS patients with MRI.