Effect of COVID-19 mortality on life expectancy in municipalities of Mexico. Comparison between 2019 and 2020.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) is an indicator related to medical, demographic, social and geographic conditions.

Objectives: To analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on LE and of its distribution according to sociodemographic variables in municipalities of Mexico.

Methods: Information on mortality was collected from data published by the Ministry of Health, and demographic information, from the 2020 Population and Housing Census.

Syphilis Infection Markers Among HIV Positive Individuals In The Mexico City HIV/AIDS Program.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of T. pallidum infection markers in HIV-positive individuals receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Mexico City HIV/AIDS Program, as well as predictive characteristics.

Methods: The reverse serologic algorithm method was used for the T.

Cross-sectional study to measure household water insecurity and its health outcomes in urban Mexico.

Objective: To assess the links between structural and household determinants of household water insecurity and test three water insecurity measures against self-reported diarrhoea, dengue fever and perceived stress in the middle-income and low-income urban areas of Torreón, Mexico.

Design: Cross-sectional household survey conducted in two waves (rainy and dry seasons).

Participants: 500 households selected via multistage cluster sample in selected communities.

Association between life-style behaviors and health outcomes in Adventist and non-Adventist adolescents in Mexico: a pilot study.

Background: Identifying lifestyle-related health predictors affecting adolescent behaviors is a matter of interest and study for diverse audiences, including the religious sphere. The Adventist religion recommends their followers to adopt a healthy diet, adequate rest, physical activity, sufficient water intake, and non-use of addictive substances such as alcohol, tobacco, and drugs, as well as fostering faith and hope to give meaning to life.

Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was conducted among adolescent students aged 13 to 19 years old in Montemorelos City, Nuevo León, Northern Mexico, between September 14, 2017 and February 13, 2018.

[Autopercepción del peso a través de figuras corporales en niños en edad escolar de Piedras Negras, Coahuila, México].

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased worldwide. In this context, the lack of awareness of excess weight among overweight and obese children is a public health concern that needs to be explored in the Northern border of Mexico.

Methods: Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from children from third to sixth grades of basic education.

Evaluation of HIV, STI and CD4 results among voluntary attendees at the HIV/AIDS program of Mexico City.

Objective:: To describe results of HIV, sexually transmitted diseases (STI) and CD4 counts at the HIV-specialized Condesa Clinic (CC) in Mexico City.

Materials And Methods:: Individuals who requested voluntary counseling and testing at CC were studied. We identified antibodies against HIV, syphilis, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B HBsAg.

[Trend analysis of acquired syphilis in Mexico from 2003 to 2013].

Objective: To identify the population group in which syphilis increase was concentrated.

Materials And Methods: The information was collected from the Mexico health statistical yearbooks. The information disaggregated by sex, age group and state during the period 2003 to 2013 was used to form different databases.

Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli O25b-ST131 isolates causing community-acquired UTIs in Mexico.

Escherichia coli is a common uropathogen causing community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). Out of 4735 E. coli community-acquired UTIs, 10.

HIV risk behaviors differ by workplace stability among Mexican female sex workers with truck driver clientele.

Background: In a study of female sex workers (FSW) servicing truck driver clients in Mexican border cities, we evaluated differences in HIV/STI risk behaviors by workplace.

Design And Methods: Our study was cross-sectional and its population comprised 100 FSWs from Nuevo Laredo (US border) and 100 FSWs from Ciudad Hidalgo (Guatemalan border). The main outcome was primary place of sex work defined as unstable (street, vehicle, gas station, etc.

Correlates of STI symptoms among female sex workers with truck driver clients in two Mexican border towns.

Background: Female sex workers (FSW) are at increased risk for HIV and other STI due to occupation-related risks and exposures. Long-distance truck drivers have been implicated in the spread of HIV, but less is known about HIV/STI risks of FSW servicing truck drivers, especially in North America. As part of an international collaborative pilot study, we interviewed FSWs servicing truck driver clients along two major transportation corridors to explore factors associated with recent STI symptoms.

Maternal/child seroprevalence of antibodies against Treponema pallidum at four general hospitals in the state of Morelos, Mexico.

Background And Aims: Treponema pallidum can cause syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis in the newborn. In Latin America, 330,000 pregnant women are diagnosed with syphilis every year. Adequate prenatal care to detect syphilis reduces maternal morbidity and fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity.

[Serological markers of hepatitis B and C, and HIV in La Calera and Cuambio, Guerrero, México].

Objective: To perform a hepatitis B, C, and HIV survey in an enhanced sample from two rural communities with the highest anti-HBc prevalence found in ENSA 2000.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.We studied the communities of La Calera and Cuambio, two adjacent rural towns of the district of Zirándaro, Guerrero, targeted because of the high prevalence of anti-HBc shown in ENSA 2000.

Heterogeneous distribution of hepatitis B serological markers in rural areas of Mexico.

Objective: To study the distribution of the hepatitis B antibody (anti-HBc) based on a national serosurvey from 10 Mexican states showing a mean HBV prevalence higher than the national one.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. During 2003, anti-HBc was analyzed at INSP in 19 907 sera, and the related sociodemographic factors were determined.

Social and structural factors associated with HIV infection among female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-US border region.

Background: FSWs who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs) can acquire HIV through high risk sexual and injection behaviors. We studied correlates of HIV infection among FSW-IDUs in northern Mexico, where sex work is quasi-legal and syringes can be legally obtained without a prescription.

Methods: FSW-IDUs>18 years old who reported injecting drugs and recent unprotected sex with clients in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez underwent surveys and HIV/STI testing.

Human papillomavirus incidence and risk factors among Mexican female college students.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and its incidence in a cohort of female college students, with particular emphasis on the use of condoms.

Methods: A cohort was created during 2001 to 2005. The students signed informed consent, answered a questionnaire, and provided a vaginal scrape to detect HR-HPV.

HSV-2 seroincidence among Mexican college students: the delay of sexual debut is not enough to avoid risky sexual behaviours and virus transmission.

Objectives: Early sexual debut is a behaviour that has been associated with acquiring sexually transmitted infections. Higher schooling may delay sexual debut, thus the university population is categorised with low-risk sexual behaviours. The rate ratio of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) seroincidence according to demographic characteristics and sexual behaviour was estimated for a cohort of university students.

Distribution of HCV genotypes and HCV RNA viral load in different regions of Mexico.

Background And Aim: To identify the geographic distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and HCV RNA viral load in a large number of HCV-infected carriers in Mexico.

Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis C (n = 8,802) were studied to identify HCV genotype using an immune line probe assay in samples shown previously to be positive for viral RNA by an RT-PCR test. Baseline HCV RNA was also evaluated.

[Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test to assess the prevalence of maternal syphilis in Bolivia].

Background: Syphilis is still a public health problem in Latin America and the Caribbean. Therefore maternal screening is of great importance for public health.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of maternal syphilis and to evaluate a rapid diagnostic test for the disease among Bolivian women.

CD3zeta expression and T cell proliferation are inhibited by TGF-beta1 and IL-10 in cervical cancer patients.

Introduction: Cervical cancer development from a squamous intraepithelial lesion is thought to be favored by an impaired T cell immunity. We evaluated parameters of T cell alterations such as proliferation, cytokine, and CD3zeta expression in peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes from women with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) or cervical cancer (CC).

Results And Discussion: T cell proliferation and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were similar in women with SIL and healthy donors, whereas low T cell proliferation and lower mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-gamma were observed in women with CC.

Population-based prevalence of antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 2 and socio-demographic characteristics in Mexico.

Although several studies to evaluate the correlates between seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and sexual practices have been carried out with specific groups in Mexico, none has evaluated overall seroprevalence among the general population or its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics. The National Health Survey performed during 2000 in Mexico studied a multi-stage, stratified, cluster sample of the general population. Characteristics of the adult population, such as age, formal education, marital status, residence, age at first intercourse and categories of HSV-2 seroprevalence distribution by state, were studied.

Different patterns of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection among college students from Cuernavaca, Mexico.

The goal of this study was to determine herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) seroprevalence among college students from Morelos State University, Mexico; and to correlate their demographic and sexual behaviour characteristics with HSV-1 infection. Demographic characteristics were associated with HSV-1 among female students. Among male students, sexual behaviour characteristics were associated with HSV-1 seroprevalence.

A possible role of progesterone receptor in mouse oocyte in vitro fertilization regulated by norethisterone and its reduced metabolite.

Background: The contraceptive effect of the progestogen norethisterone (NET) and its main metabolites 5alpha-NET and 3beta,5alpha-NET has been demonstrated in several species, and most studies have focused on the effects of these compounds in the uterus. We previously reported that 5alpha-NET inhibits the progesterone (P(4))-induced acrosome reaction in pig and mouse spermatozoa and induces severe morphological damage in two-cell fertilized mouse oocytes.

Study Design: The main goal of this study was to analyze the possible role of P(4) receptor (PR) in the effects of NET and 5alpha-NET on the oocyte fertilization process.

Core group approach to identify college students at risk for sexually transmitted infections.

Objective: To analyze the core group for sexually transmitted infections (STI) among college students.

Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a convenience sample comprising 711 college students of the public university of Morelos, Mexico, between 2001 and 2003. Sociodemographic and sexual behavior information were collected using self-applied questionnaires.