Advanced fluorescence techniques in white matter fiber visualization for neurosurgical training.

Background: Neurosurgical training requires a deep understanding of brain anatomy, especially white matter fiber pathways, to enhance surgical precision. Traditional dissection techniques, such as Klingler's white matter dissection, are essential, but newer methods can provide additional clarity. This study explores the application of a fluorescent-assisted technique to improve the visualization and understanding of white matter fibers during neurosurgical training.

Superior frontal sulcus: a non-eloquent corridor for cavernomas of the internal capsule.

Introduction: Deep cavernomas of eloquent areas, located in the region of the basal nuclei and thalamus, account for 9 to 36% of these encephalic vascular malformations. Internal capsule cavernomas are particularly challenging, as they are surrounded by important projection fibers and their manipulation can lead to permanent deficits. To demonstrate through surgical cases that cavernomas of the internal capsule can be approached by frontal craniotomy, via the superior frontal sulcus, in a curative manner and with low morbidity.

Topographical Systematization of Human Placenta Model for Training in Microneurosurgery.

Background: Neurosurgical training continuously seeks innovative methods to enhance the acquisition of essential technical skills for neurosurgeons worldwide. While various training models have been employed, few truly replicate real-life conditions optimally. Human placenta is a good model for neurosurgical microsurgery training due to its anatomic similarities to neurovascular structures.

The Technique for Transorbital Ventricular Puncture: An Anatomic Approach.

Background And Objectives: Transorbital ventricular puncture is a minimally invasive described procedure with poor landmarks and anatomic references. This approach can be easily performed to save patients with intracranial hypertension, especially when it is secondary to an acute decompensated hydrocephalus. This study aims to describe anatomic structures and landmarks to facilitate the execution of transorbital puncture in emergency cases.

Microsurgical Treatment for Arteriovenous Malformation in Eloquent Area: A 2-Dimensional Surgical Video and Step-by-Step Practical Guide.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are dynamic neurovascular disorders that occur mainly in young adults, presenting an annual risk of rupture of 2% - 4% per year. They can be asymptomatic, representing an incidental radiologic finding, or present with neurologic deficits according to their brain location, size, and presence or absence of bleeding. AVMs located in eloquent areas represent a great challenge for neurosurgeons, sometimes directed to alternatives therapies (e.