Epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibition by metformin reduces melanoma lung metastasis in a murine model.

Melanoma is an aggressive cancer with fast metastatic spread and reduced survival time. One common event during the neoplastic progression is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which enhances invasiveness, cell migration, and metastasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of metformin at EMT in melanoma cell lines B16-F10 and A-375, in vitro, and the impact of EMT downregulation on melanoma progression in vivo.

Transcription factor SOX3 upregulated pro-apoptotic genes expression in human breast cancer.

Background: Sex-determining region Y-box 3 (SOX3) protein, a SOX transcriptions factors group, has been identified as a key regulator in several diseases, including cancer. Downregulation of transcriptions factors in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) can interfere in neoplasia development, increasing its aggressiveness. We investigated SOX3 protein expression and its correlation with apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, as SOX3 and Pro-Caspase-3 immunoexpression in paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma tissue samples from patients (n = 27).