Hydroids from a reef system under the influence of the Amazon River plume, Brazil.

The Amazon Reef System (ARS) is one of the most important shallow and mesophotic reef ecosystems in the South Atlantic Ocean. The ARS consists mainly of extensive beds of calcareous algae interspersed by assemblages of octocorals and sponges. The enormous freshwater discharge from the Amazon River forms a plume along the extensive Amazon continental shelf, for which the hydroid community is still largely unknown.

Rediscovery and redescription of Callicarpa chazaliei Versluys, 1899 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean.

The genus Callicarpa Fewkes, 1881 presently comprises two species of Leptothecate hydroids. Herein we redescribe one of these, C. chazaliei Versluys, 1899, originally described from Florida and known elsewhere only from Venezuela.

A new species of Zygophylax (Quelch, 1885) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from South Africa, with taxonomic notes on the southern African species of the genus.

The genus Zygophylax is a genus of leptothecate hydroids considerably rich in the number of species in the deep sea. In this study we review five species, Z. africana, Z.

Zygophylax kakaiba, a new species of hydroid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Zygophylacidae) from the Philippine Islands.

The genus Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 includes ca. 50 valid species of leptothecate hydroids that occur mainly in deep waters. Herein we describe Zygophylax kakaiba, sp.