Advancing Cardiac Care: A Registry of Heart Transplantation in Latin America (1968-2022).

Introduction: Heart transplantation (HTx) has emerged as a pivotal intervention for end-stage heart failure, offering significant improvements in survival and quality of life. This manuscript elucidates the landscape of HTx across Latin America (LATAM) from its advent in 1968 through December 2022, shedding light on its evolution, current practices, and regional disparities.

Methods: We distributed a structured questionnaire to the national coordinators or representatives of the Interamerican Council of Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension, collating responses from 20 LATAM nations.

Consensus document of the management of type 2 diabetes and heart failure: Consejo Interamericano de Falla Cardíaca e Hipertensión Pulmonar (CIFACAH) and Inter-American Society of Cardiology (IASC).

Heart failure (HF) syndrome is a global public health issue. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is a risk factor associated with overweight/obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. This consensus aims to compile information available on the relationship between HF and type 2 diabetes and present, in a summarized and practical way, the management recommendations based on scientific evidence.

Consensus document on anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: Consejo Interamericano de Falla Cardiaca e Hipertensión Pulmonar (CIFACAH) of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology (IASC).

Heart failure is a pathology that affects 1% of the population and is accompanied by iron deficiency as a comorbidity in 50% of cases. Anemia, meanwhile, is present between 22-37%. This is a consensus document that seeks to synthesize the information available on anemia and iron deficiency and its behavior in patients with HF, which is divided into pathophysiology, classification, clinical scenarios and algorithms (clinical pathways), treatment, and follow-up.

The Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential of DNA Damage Repair Pathway Alterations and Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The mapping of genomic alterations and their role in lung-cancer progression has been followed by the development of new therapeutic options. Several novel drugs, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have significantly improved outcomes.

National Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Paraguay (RENASCA-PY).

Objective: To determine the initial management and in-hospital mortality of patients with acute coronary syndrome who attended referral hospitals in Paraguay.

Method: Observational, multicenter study, in patients over 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.

Results: 780 patients were included from May 2015 to February 2016; the mean age was 64.

The global flood protection savings provided by coral reefs.

Coral reefs can provide significant coastal protection benefits to people and property. Here we show that the annual expected damages from flooding would double, and costs from frequent storms would triple without reefs. For 100-year storm events, flood damages would increase by 91% to $US 272 billion without reefs.

A transcriptomic approach to study the effect of long-term starvation and diet composition on the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation genes in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Background: The impact of nutritional status and diet composition on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in fish remains largely unknown. To identify biomarkers of interest in nutritional studies, herein we obtained a deep-coverage transcriptome by 454 pyrosequencing of liver and skeletal muscle cDNA normalised libraries from long-term starved gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and fish fed different diets.

Results: After clean-up of high-throughput deep sequencing reads, 699,991 and 555,031 high-quality reads allowed de novo assembly of liver and skeletal muscle sequences, respectively (average length: 374 and 441 bp; total megabases: 262 and 245 Mbp).

Which immobilization is better for distal radius fracture? A prospective randomized trial.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine whether an above-elbow cast (AEC) is better than a below-elbow cast (BEC) at maintaining the initial reduction in the orthopaedic management of a distal radius fracture (DRF).

Methods: It is a prospective randomized study carried out in a single emergency trauma department. There were 72 patients older than 55 years of age (55-96) with a distal radius fracture treated orthopaedically.

Delayed Surgical Debridement and Use of Semiocclusive Dressings for Salvage of Fingers After Purpura Fulminans.

Purpura fulminans is a condition characterized by rapidly evolving skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Early recognition and aggressive supportive management has led to a decrease in its mortality rate, but most of these patients must undergo extensive soft tissue debridement and partial or total limb amputation. There is controversial evidence about the timing of surgery, suggesting that some patients may benefit from delayed debridement with limb preservation.

Effect of dietary macronutrients on the expression of cholecystokinin, leptin, ghrelin and neuropeptide Y in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Endocrine factors released from the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral organs mediate the regulation of food intake. Although many studies have evaluated the effect of fed-to-starved transition on the expression of appetite-related genes, little is known about how the expression of appetite-regulating peptides is regulated by the macronutrient composition of the diet. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of diet composition and nutritional status on the expression of four peptides involved in food intake control in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): neuropeptide Y (NPY), ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and leptin.

A Case Report of Curettage and Kryptonite use in Proximal Femur Intraosseous Lipoma.

Introduction: Intraosseous lipomas are the most infrequent primary bone tumor, lesions are mainly asymptomatic and generally diagnosed incidentally, and there is controversy about the management. Here, we present a surgery solution that has not been described previously in literature.

Case Presentation: A 23-year-old female without previous morbid history consults a general physician because of unspecific left hip pain when walking, not related to any previous trauma or any other symptoms.

Erythromycin Seromadesis in Orthopedic Surgery.

Introduction: The presence of postoperative seromadesis is common, corresponding to the presence of serum in the subcutaneous tissue post a surgical event. Erythromycin has been reported as sclerosing, although not in orthopedic surgery. We report a case of erythromycin seromadesis in orthopedic surgery.

Biogeographical affinities of fish associated to the shrimp trawl fishery in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico.

Fish by-catch of shrimp fishery from the Gulf of Tehuantepec is composed of several species that are mainly discarded. In this study, fish by-catch species composition, distribution and biogeographical affinities were analyzed. For this, a total of 15 cruises were carried out on the continental shelf, at depths from 15 to 64 m, during 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2013.

Chitosan-Mediated shRNA Knockdown of Cytosolic Alanine Aminotransferase Improves Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) catalyses a transamination reaction that links carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In this study, we examined the effect of silencing cytosolic ALT (cALT) expression on the hepatic metabolism in Sparus aurata. A number of siRNA and shRNA designed to down-regulate cALT expression were validated in HEK-293 cells transfected with plasmids expressing S.

Acute renal failure due to the inhalation of organophosphates: successful treatment with haemodialysis.

Organophosphate intoxication is a very infrequent cause of acute deterioration of renal function but, when it does occur, it seriously aggravates the clinical status and prognosis. The pathogenesis of renal injury in this context remains unknown, although it is suspected that direct damage occurs at renal tubules. It has not been demonstrated that substitutive kidney treatment and specific antidotes provide any clear benefit.

Effects of alanine aminotransferase inhibition on the intermediary metabolism in Sparus aurata through dietary amino-oxyacetate supplementation.

In liver, through the reaction catalysed by alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine becomes an effective precursor for gluconeogenesis. In the present study amino-oxyacetate (AOA) was used to evaluate its effect on liver ALT activity of the carnivorous fish Sparus aurata. Moreover, the derived metabolic effects on metabolites and other key enzymes of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway were also studied.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α transactivates the mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase gene in the kidney of Sparus aurata.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) plays an important role in amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis. The preference of carnivorous fish for protein amino acids instead of carbohydrates as a source of energy lead us to study the transcriptional regulation of the mitochondrial ALT (mALT) gene and to characterize the enzyme kinetics and modulation of mALT expression in the kidney of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) under different nutritional and hormonal conditions. 5'-Deletion analysis of mALT promoter in transiently transfected HEK293 cells, site-directed mutagenesis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays allowed us to identify HNF4α as a new factor involved in the transcriptional regulation of mALT expression.

Cobalt-chromium stents in long lesions of large vessels: clinical and angiographic results.

Although drug-eluting stents have reduced the restenosis rate, some patients are not good candidates for prolonged double-antiplatelet therapy. Our goal was to learn the results of implanting cobalt-chromium stents in long lesions of large vessels.All consecutive patients with ≥1 lesion treated with a cobalt-chromium stent ≥28 mm in length and ≥3.

Transactivation of cytosolic alanine aminotransferase gene promoter by p300 and c-Myb.

Alanine aminotransferase (Alt) provides a molecular link between carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In the cell context, the predominant Alt isozyme is located in the cytosol. To gain insight into the transcriptional regulation of the cytosolic alt gene (calt), we cloned and characterized the calt promoter from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

[Economic evaluation and budget impact analysis of the Endeavor drug-eluting stent in Spain].

Objectives: Endeavor is a drug-eluting stent (DES) with superior results to the bare metal stent (BMS) and similar efficacy to other DES in terms of revascularization. The aim of this study was to assess the costs and benefits of Endeavor, other DES, BMS and coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) in Spain.

Methods: A Markov model with a 5-year time was used to reflect the management of patients with de novo coronary artery lesions in Spain.

A novel alternatively spliced transcript of cytosolic alanine aminotransferase gene associated with enhanced gluconeogenesis in liver of Sparus aurata.

Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity is associated with insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to characterize the modulation of cytosolic ALT expression in liver of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) under conditions associated with increased gluconeogenesis and in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated fish. RT- and RACE-PCR assays allowed us to isolate a novel ALT isozyme (cALT2) generated from alternative splicing of cALT gene in S.

Role of Sp1 and SREBP-1a in the insulin-mediated regulation of glucokinase transcription in the liver of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata).

Insulin induction of glucokinase (GCK) transcription in the liver is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis. To study the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of hepatic GCK expression in the carnivorous fish gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), we analysed the role of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1a (SREBP-1a) and specificity protein (Sp) 1 in insulin-dependent GCK transcription. Transient transfection experiments performed in HepG2 cells and electrophoretic mobility shift assays allowed us to identify a cis-element in the proximal region of GCK promoter implicated in transactivation by SREBP-1a.