Secondary Bacterial Infections in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Admitted in the Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Hospital in Romania.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caught healthcare systems in many countries unprepared. Shortages of personnel, medicines, disinfectants, and intensive care unit (ICU) capacities, combined with inadvertent use of antibiotics and emergence of drug-resistant secondary infections, led to a surge in COVID-19-related mortality. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of secondary bacterial infections and the associated antibiotic resistance in a temporary established ICU dedicated to COVID-19 patients.

Rapid Molecular Diagnostics of Pneumonia Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria: A Clinician's Review.

With approximately half a billion events per year, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) represent a major challenge for the global public health. Among LRTI cases, those caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are associated with a poorer prognostic. Standard-of-care etiologic diagnostics is lengthy and difficult to establish, with more than half of cases remaining microbiologically undocumented.

Uncovering the Resistance Mechanisms in Extended-Drug-Resistant Clinical Isolates: Insights from Gene Expression and Phenotypic Tests.

(1) Background: The purpose of the study was to describe the activity of efflux pumps in Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of and to compare the carbapenem-resistance identification tests with PCR; (2) Methods: Sixty MDR were analyzed for detection of carbapenemase by disk diffusion inhibitory method, carbapenem inactivation method and Modified Hodge Test. Endpoint PCR was used to detect 7 carbapenemase genes (, , , , , , ) and for colistin resistance. The expression of A, B, C, E and X genes corresponding to the four main efflux pumps was also evaluated; (3) Results: From the tested strains, 71.

Serogroups and genetic diversity of diarrheagenic strains of Escherichia coli: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Diverse serogroups of Escherichia coli cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhea among children. Our study aimed to evaluate the serogroups of diarrheagenic strains of E. coli that cause diarrheal disease in children under two years old, and clarify if the cases were sporadic or outbreaks.

. in Lower Respiratory Tract Secretions - A Ten Years Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Lower respiratory tract secretions (LRTS) like sputum and tracheal aspirates are frequently sent to the microbiology laboratory from patients with various respiratory pathologies. Improper collection techniques can lead to false-positive results, resulting in improper therapy.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the percentage of contaminated samples sent to the microbiology laboratory, to establish the prevalence of spp.

and other phylogenetically related species - a mini-review of the literature.

The lesser-known non- species are often overlooked and difficult to diagnose in most microbiology laboratories. , a relatively newly discovered species, is responsible for outbreaks in various geographical regions. Because of its increased resistance to antifungal drugs, is responsible for hard-to-treat infections and its pathogenicity is still incompletely elucidated.

In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized with Beech Bark Extract.

Biosynthesis is a green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of two silver nanoparticle solutions, synthesized using beech bark extract (BBE) and acetate and nitrate silver salts (AgNP Acetate BBE and AgNP Nitrate BBE), their influence on biofilm production, their potential synergistic effects with fluconazole, on different spp., and their influence on virulence factors of .

Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized with Spruce Bark Extract-A Molecular Aggregate with Antifungal Activity against Species.

Due to their high content of biomolecules, combined with silver's well known antimicrobial potential, silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using spruce bark (AgNP SBEs) demonstrate antibacterial and antioxidant activity, making them a versatile option for developing new antimicrobial agents that might be used for medical treatment or as adjuvants for the classical agents. This study aims to analyze if silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by spruce bark extract (SBE) and silver salts (AgNP SBE Acetate, AgNP SBE Nitrate) presents antifungal activity against five different spp., synergistic activity with fluconazole, and if they interact with some virulence factors of .

Hemolysin-Producing Strains among Diarrheagenic Isolated from Children under 2 Years Old with Diarrheal Disease.

Even if serotyping based on O antigens is still routinely used by most laboratories for the detection of diarrheagenic , this method can provide false-positive reactions, due to the high diversity of O antigens. Molecular methods represent a valuable tool that clarifies these situations. In the Bacteriology Laboratory of Mureș County Hospital, between May 2016 and July 2019, 160 diarrheagenic strains were isolated from children under 2 years old with diarrheic disease.

and Candidiasis-Opportunism Versus Pathogenicity: A Review of the Virulence Traits.

One of the most important questions in microbiology nowadays, is how apparently harmless, commensal yeasts like spp. can cause a rising number of infections. The occurrence of the disease requires firstly the attachment to the host cells, followed by the invasion of the tissue.

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using the Spruce Bark Extract.

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in Pharmacy and Medicine. In particular, AgNPs synthesized and mediated by plant extracts have shown topossess several biological activities. In the present study, AgNPs were synthesized using L.

Investigation of In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained by Biosynthesis Using Beech Bark Extract.

Green synthesis is one of the rapid and best ways for silver nanoparticles (AgNP) synthesis. In the present study, synthesis and bioactivity of AgNPs has been demonstrated using water beech ( L.) bark extract.

New perspectives on the nutritional factors influencing growth rate of Candida albicans in diabetics. An in vitro study.

Background: The link between Candida albicans and diabetes mellitus is well-acknowledged, but incompletely elucidated.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the growth rate of C. albicans (CA) in the presence of different concentrations of glucose and fructose, two of the main pathophysiologic and nutritionally relevant sugars in diabetic patients, in order to obtain a better understanding of the nutrient acquisition strategy and its possible relation to the hyperglycemic status of diabetic patients.

Health Threats from Contamination of Spices Commercialized in Romania: Risks of Fungal and Bacterial Infections.

Background: The study of fungal contamination in food and mycotoxicoses is a priority today, both internationally and nationally. The purpose of this study is to have a general view over the quality of the most common spices that are sold in Romanian markets, by assessing the degree of fungal, bacterial and mycotoxin contamination in pepper and chili powders.

Methods: We tested four types of spices: white pepper, black pepper, sweet and hot chili powders from 12 different distributing companies, summing a total of 35 sample types.

Active surveillance scheme in three Romanian hospitals reveals a high prevalence and variety of carbapenamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria: a pilot study, December 2014 to May 2015.

We report the findings of an active surveillance scheme for detection of asymptomatic carriers with carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) in Romanian hospitals. During a pilot study from December 2014 to May 2015, faecal cultures were screened in three hospitals (two large, one medium-size) for patients newly admitted to selected wards or inpatients transferred from other wards to an intensive-care unit. The study revealed a high prevalence of CP-GNB detected in 22/27 and 28/38 of the carbapenem non-susceptible isolates from Hospitals 1 and 3, respectively.

Clinical and histological correlations in alveolar bone osteosynthesis using biological materials of cow origin.

Periodontitis is a set of inflammatory diseases affecting the periodontium, i.e., the tissues that surround and support the teeth.

[Prevalence of tuberculosis in Mureş County, Romania, 2006-2008].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study is analysis of tuberculosis prevalence in Mures county for a period of three years (2006-2008).

Material And Method: We monitored the prevalence of tuberculosis cases in the Mureş area recorded at Tg. Mureş TB Dispensary, the new cases and readmitted cases, chronic or abandonment, separately for children and adults, evolving for 2006-2008, data compared with national registration.

[Cumulative antibiogram--means of following local resistance phenomena based on material gathered in the laboratory of microbiology].

The cumulative antibiogram (CA) represents a report which summarizes the susceptibility of commonly isolated microorganisms to usual antibiotics in a defined period of time. We have evaluated the local resistance data during the year 2007 by generating CA from the bacteriology laboratory's database in Mures County Emergency Clinical Hospital for 3 categories of microorganisms: Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative enteric rods and non-fermenters. A total of 1382 individual antibiotic susceptibility reports were analysed.

[Bacterial etiology of the conditions associated with bacteremia/septicemia during the years 2006-2007].

Purpose: Evaluation of the etiology of bacterial diseases associated with bacteremia/ sepsis in the Emergency County Hospital of Tg. Mureş during 2006-2007.

Materials And Methods: Blood samples of 684 patients hospitalized in Emergency County Hospital of Tg.

[Chemoresistance of mycobacteria in a group of patients with tuberculosis from Mureş county].

Aim: We studied tuberculosis drug-resistance cases related to risk factors involved, in Mureş district.

Methods: We used clinical files of 91 patients with tuberculosis drug resistance from 2006 at all, diagnosed during 2002-2006 at the Ambulatory department of Tuberculosis Clinic in Tg. Mureş town and cities nearby.

[Evaluation of iron, fluoride and iodine concentrations in underground water in some counties in Romania].

Aim: To compare the underground water mineral composition in iron, fluorine and iodine from different sources, with variable locations in Romania.

Methods: It is a lab study based on Hanna Instruments C99 colorimeter used for our tests, that follows the levels of mineral parameters from water samples from several underground water supplie sources from 10 different romanian counties.

Results: It were significant differences between sources from different counties, and also from different sources in the same county, regarding minerals levels in water and also comparing to admitted levels.

[Re-emergent etiologies: Clostridium difficile].

Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) can range from uncomplicated diarrhea to sepsis and even death. CDAD rates and severity are increasing, possibly due to a new strain. Transmission of C.

[Intestinal parasitic diseases in children].

Purpose: To compare the incidence of intestinal parasitosis between children with residence in urban and rural areas: to compare the efficacy of parasitologic diagnostic methods.

Materials And Methods: In our study we included two lots of children. The first lot consisted in 74 children from rural areas from which we collected 44 samples of feces and 55 samples for the "Scotch tape" test.

[Detection of the sensitivity of some bacteria and fungi to the action of sodium phosphotungstate beta-Na6[P2W18O62].18 H2O].

Poliyoxometalales are a very special category of the chemical compounds that have multiply properties and possibility to application in a lot of actual domain of the scientific research. One of the most practice application of the polyoxometalates with a special significance is their antibacterial and anti fungus actions. For this study, there have been used fungus, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and the action of the polyoxometalates was tested simultaneously with the action of the specifically antibiotics for the studied bacteria.