Cyberbullying: a 21st Century Health Care Phenomenon.

This study examined bullying and cyberbullying prevalence among 367 adolescents 10 to 18 years of age who were attending schools and community organizations in suburban and urban neighborhoods in the Midwest United States. The correlational design investigated adolescents' daily use of technology that could be used to cyberbully peers, such as cell phones, computers, email, and the Internet. Results showed that 30% of participants had been bullied during school, and 17% had been cyberbullied, with online social networking sites the most common media employed (68%).

Psychometric Properties and Construct Validity of the Knowledge Information Profile-Coumadin.

Oral anticoagulation therapy using Coumadin (warfarin) requires significant patient involvement. Limited validated instruments exist to test patient knowledge of Coumadin, and low health literacy may impede patient self-management. This article reports the psychometric testing of the Knowledge Information Profile-Coumadin (KIP-C20) to determine () minimum number of items and dimensions, () reliability, and () construct validity.

An examination of eating behaviors, physical activity, and obesity in african american adolescents: gender, socioeconomic status, and residential status differences.

Background: African American adolescents experience higher rates of obesity and have an increased risk of obesity-related diseases than do White American adolescents. Despite culturally sensitive obesity preventive interventions, obesity rates are increasing within the African American adolescent population. Current obesity interventions do not usually address the heterogeneity (e.

Providing culturally competent care in home infusion nursing.

All health care providers, and particularly nurses who are on the front lines of patient care, must be skilled in providing culturally appropriate and competent care. Cultural competence needs to be guided by a philosophical framework. This article was written to describe cultural care in the context of home infusion nursing using the Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services model.

Using the teach-back method to increase maternal immunization literacy among low-income pregnant women in Jamaica: a pilot study.

The purpose of this pilot study was to assess maternal health literacy of pregnant women in Jamaica and evaluate their ability to communicate the benefits, risks, and safety of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and Hepatitis B (hep B) vaccines after using the teach back method. REALM scores were moderately, positively correlated with identification of the BCG vaccine risks (r = .43, p = .

Evaluating nutrition risk factors and other determinants of use of an urban congregate meal program by older African Americans.

Rapid growth in both the number of older U.S. adults and diversity in the population suggests increased and disparate demands for nutrition services.

The influence of easy-to-read pamphlets about self-care management of radiation side effects on patients' knowledge.

Purpose/objectives: To test patients' knowledge of side effects after they review six easy-to-read pamphlets on radiation side effects.

Design: Nonexperimental.

Setting: Urban radiation oncology clinic.

The effect of low literacy on the self-care behaviors of men receiving radiation therapy.

Using Orem's theory as the framework, two purposes guided the study: (a) to test the effectiveness of an audio-visual education program and behavioral contracting to promote self-care behaviors in managing radiation side effects and (b) to determine the extent to which low literacy affects self-care abilities. Seventy men diagnosed with prostate cancer participated in this experimental study. The nursing interventions of education and behavioral contracting significantly increased the self-care behaviors of men in managing radiation side effects.

Using the teach-back and Orem's Self-care Deficit Nursing theory to increase childhood immunization communication among low-income mothers.

Guided by Orem's Self-care Deficit Nursing theory, the purpose of the pilot study was to assess the relationship between maternal health literacy and the mother's ability to comprehend and communicate information about childhood immunizations. Communication is the key to positive health results, particularly for patients with low literacy skills, yet few studies have examined patients' ability to converse about health information taught to them by providers. The study was conducted in an urban walk-in immunization clinic.

Mothers' knowledge and information needs relating to childhood immunizations.

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine mothers' literacy level and knowledge, information needs, and information-seeking behaviors related to the vaccine(s) their children were receiving. A convenience sample of 15 mothers with one child and 15 mothers with two or more children was recruited at a free, urban, walk-in immunization clinic in Detroit. Participants completed the REALM test and a demographic form.

Disordered eating and food cravings among urban obese African American women.

Objective: The prevalence of night eating syndrome (NES), binge eating disorder (BED), and bulimia nervosa (BN) and the general experience of food cravings were examined in 88 obese urban African American women.

Method: Participants were administered The Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-R, the Night Eating Syndrome Questionnaire, and the State and Trait Food Cravings Questionnaire, Trait version (FCQ-T).

Results: Twenty-eight percent reported symptoms of eating disorders (18.

Can easy-to-read immunization information increase knowledge in urban low-income mothers?

This article describes a pilot study that (1) assessed the self-report of highest grade completed in school and the actual reading and comprehension skills of low-income mothers whose children receive immunizations in urban public clinics and (2) tested the effectiveness of a nursing intervention on immunization knowledge using revised easy-to-read written education materials. Thirty-seven mothers were randomized either to a control group (asked to read the standard vaccine information sheets) or to an experimental group (asked to read the revised immunization pamphlets). Although there was a modest increase in immunization knowledge for both groups, it was not significant.

An exploratory study of the health problems, stigmatization, life satisfaction, and literacy skills of urban, street-level sex workers.

An exploratory study of 26 female urban, street-level sex workers was conducted to gather information about their health problems, feelings of stigmatizations, satisfaction with life, and literacy skills. Each woman completed the health questionnaire, Stigmatization Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine. Twenty-one women had acute or chronic health problems; only eleven sought health care.

Assessing the readability of skin care and pressure ulcer patient education materials.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the readability of written patient education materials used to teach patients about the prevention and care of skin and pressure ulcers. Other design characteristics of the materials including organization, writing style, appearance, and appeal also were assessed.

Design: This study used a nonexperimental, descriptive design.

Literacy, readability and cultural barriers: critical factors to consider when educating older African Americans about anticoagulation therapy.

The number of patients on anticoagulation therapy has increased dramatically over the past two decades. Yet, few studies have examined the psychosocial barriers of low literacy, culture and inappropriate patient education materials used to teach older African Americans about their anticoagulation therapy. The aims of this study were to investigate literacy levels among older patients, and evaluate the readability and determine the cultural sensitivity of written information used in an anticoagulation management clinic.

Evaluation of education materials using Orem's self-care deficit theory.

This article presents Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory as the conceptual framework in the development, design, selection, and evaluation of appropriate written patient education materials for patients with low literacy skills. The model, which includes essential evaluation factors used in literacy research, offers nurses and other professionals a more comprehensive means to judge the suitability of health information and instructional materials. Nurses have a critical role in educating consumers and their families and for providing patients with useful information that will influence their decision-making and participation in care.