Effects of anethole dithiolthione and 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole on schistosome granuloma formation.

Administration of the antioxidants 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) or 5-(P-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (ADT) to female CD-1 mice starting 4 weeks after infection with 70 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni resulted in a decrease in the size of the inner fibrotic region of the hepatic granuloma. The cellular composition of the granuloma was not altered by treatment with these two compounds. The administration of the specific superoxide scavenger copper diisopropylsalicylate (CuDIPS) resulted in a similar decrease in granuloma size, suggesting a role of superoxide radicals in the granulomatous response.

Stool electrolyte and osmolality measurements in the evaluation of diarrheal disorders.

Stool osmolality and electrolyte measurements were obtained from 12 patients with diarrheal disorders. Osmolality of diarrheal stool (285 to 330 mosmol) regardless of the cause is less than the reported osmolality of normal stool. Storage of stool at room temperature can artifactually increase stool osmolality as the result of bacterial metabolism.

Differential effects of corticosteroids on Na+ transport in rat distal colon in vitro.

We studied rat distal colon during in vitro incubation with aldosterone and dexamethasone. Both hormones caused short-circuit current (Isc) to increase with a latency period of approximately 3 h. At the 7th h of incubation, control colons had a Isc of 72 +/- 8 microA .

Legislating health care coverage for the unemployed.

Because the unemployed and their families are often likely to develop stress-related health problems, ensuring them access to health care is a public health issue. Congressional efforts thus far to legislate health coverage for the unemployed have proposed a system that recognizes people's basic need for coverage but has several limitations.

Satellite color observations of the phytoplankton distribution in the eastern equatorial pacific during the 1982-1983. El nino.

Dramatic changes in the patterns of satellite-derived pigment concentrations around the Galápagos Islands during February and March 1983 are associated with unusual oceanographic conditions observed during the 1982-1983 El Niño. The redistribution of food resources might have contributed to the reproductive failure of seabirds and marine mammals on these islands during this El Niño.

Transcriptional control of human diploid fibroblast collagen synthesis by gamma-interferon.

Recombinant gamma-interferon (rec gamma-IFN) caused potent inhibition of collagen synthesis by cultured confluent human diploid fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Gel electrophoresis of the newly synthesized proteins from the culture media of rec gamma-IFN-treated fibroblasts demonstrated a selective depression of procollagen without a significant change in non-collagenous proteins. Dot blot hybridization to a Type I procollagen cDNA probe showed that the inhibition of collagen production was accompanied by a decrease in the levels of collagen mRNA.

Systemic acid-base disorders and intestinal electrolyte transport.

Disorders of systemic acid-base balance have recently been shown to markedly alter intestinal electrolyte transport. These studies were based on earlier acid balance studies in humans and animals, data suggesting the presence of intestinal mucosal Na+-H+ and Cl-HCO-3 exchange processes and the reported effects of acid-base variables on other epithelia. In vivo studies have shown that intestinal net sodium and chloride absorption is markedly affected by systemic pH and carbon dioxide tension (Pco2).

On the mechanism of luminal CO2 generation during jejunal bicarbonate absorption.

The mechanism of the increase in luminal CO2 tension (PCO2) that accompanies jejunal HCO-3 absorption is unknown. One possibility is that mucosal metabolism and the reaction of absorbed HCO-3 with blood buffers in mucosal capillaries govern luminal PCO2. To evaluate this possibility, jejunal segments of anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused in vivo with modified Ringer solutions with varying PCO2 levels (0-141 mmHg).

Cardiovascular and renal effects of isoproterenol infusions in young swine.

The cardiovascular and renal effects of intravenous (i.v.) and intra-arterial (i.

[Ribosome number of the satellite glia and neuroglial relationship in the cerebral cortex of the cat in the wakefulness-sleep cycle].

The ultrastructural analysis of satellite glia cells and adjacent large pyramidal neurons of parietal cortex of the cat showed regular changes in the amount of ribosomes in various phases of the wakefulness-sleep cycle. These changes have a reciprocal character in glia and neurons. During the slow wave phase of sleep (SWS) in comparison with wakefulness (W) the amount of glial ribosomes in a unit of electronogram area increased, while in neurons it decreased.

[Interaction of systems generating spindles and delta waves as a possible mechanism for the development of slow-wave sleep].

Certain correlations between spindling and delta-activity during slow-wave sleep (SWS) development have been studied in experiments on man and animals. Interaction between systems of delta-activity and spindling generation is discussed as a possible mechanism underlying development of SWS. Amplitude-modulated stimulation of non-specific thalamic structures has been shown to influence this interaction and development of sleep processes.

Serial transmission of hepatitis B like non-A, non-B hepatitis and associated markers to chimpanzees successfully immunized against HBV.

In order to demonstrate that the HBV like strain of NANB hepatitis bred true as non-B together with its associated markers, 2 chimpanzees with high titer anti-HBs (45 and 125 AUSAB RU respectively) immunized with the Pasteur HB vaccine received 1 ml IV of a NANB inoculum. Two neighbour captive animal served as controls. The inoculum was the serum of a leukemic patient in remission for over 3 years with NANB chronic active hepatitis which serum contained HBV like particles and was found positive for NANBe Ag and anti-NANBc whereas in the liver typical numerous "SHIMIZU" dense soft edge aggregated intranuclear structures were demonstrated by electron microscopy.