A novel antibody treatment reduces deformed wing virus loads in the western honey bee ().

Unlabelled: The deformed wing virus () (DWV) is a key driver of colony loss in the western honey bee (). Here, we demonstrate that orally delivered anti-DWV antibodies can act systemically to reduce DWV loads in naturally infected honey bees. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) was produced in adult chickens against two DWV proteins, harvested from their eggs, and fed to bees in a sucrose solution.

An invasive ant increases deformed wing virus loads in honey bees.

The majority of invasive species are best known for their effects as predators. However, many introduced predators may also be substantial reservoirs for pathogens. Honey bee-associated viruses are found in various arthropod species including invasive ants.

Can immune gene silencing via dsRNA feeding promote pathogenic viruses to control the globally invasive Argentine ant?

Pest control methods that can target pest species with limited environmental impacts are a conservation and economic priority. Species-specific pest control using RNA interference is a challenging but promising avenue in developing the next generation of pest management. We investigate the feasibility of manipulating a biological invader's immune system using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in order to increase susceptibility to naturally occurring pathogens.

New Constraint on the Local Relic Neutrino Background Overdensity with the First KATRIN Data Runs.

We report on the direct search for cosmic relic neutrinos using data acquired during the first two science campaigns of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity molecular tritium gas source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter around the end point at 18.57 keV.

Viral communities in the parasite Varroa destructor and in colonies of their honey bee host (Apis mellifera) in New Zealand.

The parasitic mite Varroa destructor is a leading cause of mortality for Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies around the globe. We sought to confirm the presence and likely introduction of only one V. destructor haplotype in New Zealand, and describe the viral community within both V.

Acetabular reconstruction after advanced acetabular metastasis resection: Modified Harrington technique with a Kerboull reinforcement device.

The surgical treatment of acetabular bone metastases rests on total hip arthroplasty (THA). In the event of major bone defects, the reconstruction may prove challenging. Two complicating factors are the need to obtain a mechanically stable acetabulum and the unfeasibility of using an autograft to increase the bone stock.

Bound on 3+1 Active-Sterile Neutrino Mixing from the First Four-Week Science Run of KATRIN.

We report on the light sterile neutrino search from the first four-week science run of the KATRIN experiment in 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter down to 40 eV below the endpoint at 18.57 keV.

Genetic Strain Diversity of Multi-Host RNA Viruses that Infect a Wide Range of Pollinators and Associates is Shaped by Geographic Origins.

Emerging viruses have caused concerns about pollinator population declines, as multi-host RNA viruses may pose a health threat to pollinators and associated arthropods. In order to understand the ecology and impact these viruses have, we studied their host range and determined to what extent host and spatial variation affect strain diversity. Firstly, we used RT-PCR to screen pollinators and associates, including honey bees () and invasive Argentine ants (), for virus presence and replication.

Improved Upper Limit on the Neutrino Mass from a Direct Kinematic Method by KATRIN.

We report on the neutrino mass measurement result from the first four-week science run of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino experiment KATRIN in spring 2019. Beta-decay electrons from a high-purity gaseous molecular tritium source are energy analyzed by a high-resolution MAC-E filter. A fit of the integrated electron spectrum over a narrow interval around the kinematic end point at 18.

Different bacterial and viral pathogens trigger distinct immune responses in a globally invasive ant.

Invasive species populations periodically collapse from high to low abundance, sometimes even to extinction. Pathogens and the burden they place on invader immune systems have been hypothesised as a mechanism for these collapses. We examined the association of the bacterial pathogen (Pseudomonas spp.

Behavioural variation and plasticity along an invasive ant introduction pathway.

Once established in new areas, introduced species may exhibit changes in their biology due to phenotypic plasticity, novel selection pressures and genetic drift. Moreover, the introduction process itself has been hypothesised to act as a selective filter for traits that promote invasiveness. We tested the hypothesis that behaviours thought to promote invasiveness-such as increased foraging activity and aggression-are selected for during invasion by comparing traits among native and introduced populations of the widespread Argentine ant (Linepithema humile).

Ergonomics of load transport in the seed harvesting ant Messor barbarus: morphology influences transportation method and efficiency.

We studied in the field the load transport behavior of workers of the polymorphic Mediterranean seed harvester ant Messor barbarus Individual ants used two different methods to transport food items: carrying and dragging. The probability of dragging instead of carrying varied significantly with both the mass of the item transported and its linear dimension. Moreover, the values of item mass and length at which dragging began to occur increased with increasing size of the workers.

The Induced Membrane Technique for Bone Defects of Critical Size After Infection in Children: A Report of 3 Consecutive Cases.

Case: We report 3 consecutive cases of bone defects of critical size after chronic osteomyelitis in children that were treated with the induced membrane technique, in 2 girls and a boy 7 months to 7 years old. All defects were diaphyseal. The length of resection was from 4 to 12 cm (35% to 55% of the total bone length).

Validity and Reliability of Intraoperative Radiographs to Assess Leg Length During Total Hip Arthroplasty: Correlation and Reproducibility of Anatomic Distances.

Background: Leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty is a frequent complication. The aim of this study was to assess the validity (correlation) and reproducibility (inter-rater agreement) of various intraoperative hip radiographs measures to estimate leg length.

Methods: Patients were included if they were aged 15 years or older; were eligible for a total hip arthroplasty, and were operated in lateral recumbent.

The linea aspera as a rotational landmark: an anatomical MRI-based study.

Purpose: The linea aspera can be used as a landmark to assess the rotation of the distal femoral epiphysis when performing an endoprostheses. However, no study has assessed the reliability of this landmark. We therefore asked whether the linea aspera could be used as a rotational landmark for positioning distal femoral knee megaprostheses.

A cemented acetabular component with a reinforcement cross provides excellent medium-term fixation in total hip arthroplasty after pelvic irradiation.

Conventional cemented acetabular components are reported to have a high rate of failure when implanted into previously irradiated bone. We recommend the use of a cemented reconstruction with the addition of an acetabular reinforcement cross to improve fixation. We reviewed a cohort of 45 patients (49 hips) who had undergone irradiation of the pelvis and a cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) with an acetabular reinforcement cross.

Learning and discrimination of cuticular hydrocarbons in a social insect.

Social insect cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) mixtures are among the most complex chemical cues known and are important in nest-mate, caste and species recognition. Despite our growing knowledge of the nature of these cues, we have very little insight into how social insects actually perceive and discriminate among these chemicals. In this study, we use the newly developed technique of differential olfactory conditioning to pure, custom-designed synthetic colony odours to analyse signal discrimination in Argentine ants, Linepithema humile.

Influence of interleukin-1 gene polymorphism on periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects.

The aim of this controlled retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of an IL-1 gene polymorphism on the clinical and radiographic healing outcomes of GTR therapy. The study included 47 adult periodontitis patients with 94 deep intrabony defects treated by GTR using different membrane materials. The following clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 12 months after surgery: papillary bleeding index (PBI), gingival recession (REC), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and the vertical relative attachment gain (V-rAG).

ROBITOM-robot for biopsy and therapy of the mamma.

MR-Mammography reaches a high sensitivity in detecting breast carcinomas of 3 mm in size at least. In cooperation with the Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology of the Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, a manipulator has been developed by the IMB, which combines the advantages of MRM imaging with a minimal invasive biopsy and a possible subsequent therapy. Referring to this ROBITOM I was introduced in November 1999 as worldwide first, precise operating manipulator system in the ISO center of a closed MR, at RSNA in Chicago.

Guided tissue regeneration in intrabony defects using an experimental bioresorbable polydioxanon (PDS) membrane. A 24-month split-mouth study.

Aim: The comparison of the clinical, radiographic, and microbiological healing results in deep intrabony defects following GTR therapy with two different bioresorbable membranes in a prospective split-mouth design.

Material And Methods: 31 pairs of contralateral intrabony defects were randomly treated with either an experimental Polydioxanon (PDS) membrane or a Polylactic acid (PLA) matrix barrier. After 6, 12 and 24 months, healing results were assessed using clinical examinations (REC, PPD, CAL, vertical relative attachment gain V-rAG), quantitative digital subtraction radiography (amount and area of bone density changes), and microbiological analysis.

Retrospective clinical study and survival analysis on partial ceramic crowns: results up to 7 years.

The purpose of the present study was to determine retrospectively the clinical performance of 42 all-ceramic partial crowns (PCCs) placed during the past 7 years. All patients (n = 25) with partial ceramic crowns (n = 49) placed by one experienced dentist between 1992 and 1999 were asked to take part in a clinical study, and 22 patients with 42 restorations agreed to do so. All partial ceramic crowns studied were fabricated using the IPS-Empress I all-ceramic system (Vivadent).

The medical engineering program of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe.

The research activities of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe on minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) have for several years improved techniques and instrumentation for different types of MIS. Many types of instruments and robotic devices have been developed and new techniques implemented. In this paper we present the most recent results from our different projects, such as endoscopic heart surgery, tracking systems, a camera guidance device, telemanipulator systems, minimally-invasive breast biopsy in closed-bore MRI, endoscopic training simulators and developments using smart materials (e.

Retrospective clinical investigation and survival analysis on ceramic inlays and partial ceramic crowns: results up to 7 years.

This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical performance of 287 all-ceramic restorations placed during routine patient care in the University setting in the past 7 years. All patients (n = 106) with ceramic inlays or partial ceramic crowns (PCC), placed during 1988-1994 (n = 327) by five experienced dentists were asked to take part in a clinical investigation, and 92 patients with 287 restorations (232 inlays, 55 PCC) agreed to do so. The following ceramics were used: 44 (15.