Inflammatory and genomic interactions within keratoconus susceptible patients: a nationwide registered case-control study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between variants in the interleukin (IL)-1 gene cluster and susceptibility to keratoconus (KC) in an Iranian population.

Methods: In the case group, there were 188 KC patients diagnosed by clinical findings and corneal tomography. The control group included all 205 healthy controls with no personal or family history of eye-related, metabolic, or immune system-related disease.

Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds for Soft Tissue Augmentation: From Host-Scaffold Interactions to Bottlenecks in Clinical Translation.

Along with a paradigm shift in looking at soft tissue fillers from space-filling to bioactive materials, decellularized extracellular matrix (DEM) fillers have gained more attention considering their superior bioactivity. However, the complex mechanisms that govern the interaction between host tissues and DEMs have been partially understood. This review first covers the mechanisms that determine immunogenicity, angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, and recellularization and remodeling after DEM implantation into host tissue, with a particular focus on related findings from filler materials.

Advancements in cell-based therapies for thermal burn wounds: a comprehensive systematic review of clinical trials outcomes.

Background: Burn trauma is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The standard management of burn wounds consists of early debridement, dressing changes, surgical management, and split-thickness skin autografts (STSGs). However, there are limitations for the standard management that inclines us to find alternative treatment approaches, such as innovative cell-based therapies.

An Overview of Surgical Approaches for Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty.

Age-related changes in the lower eyelid are noticed by patients as bags or circles under the eye, a tired look, and a flattened face. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty, in which the excess skin and/or orbital fat is excised and repositioned, is mainly performed for aesthetic reasons rather than the correction of functional abnormalities. Favorable outcomes for the combination of these approaches have been reported, but the most suitable surgical technique is still debated.

From Addressing Aesthetics and Soft Tissue to Visual Performance: Multifaceted Satisfaction Assessment in a Multicenter Study of Patients With Dermatochalasis.

Background: In this study, we seek to answer the question: Does blepharoplasty for dermatochalasis alter visual performance?

Objectives: We seek to determine the impact of blepharoplasty on visual performance (refraction, contrast sensitivity, and visual field) in patients with dermatochalasis.

Methods: A total of 146 eyelids of 74 patients, 48 (64.9%) females and 26 (35.

Association of 2 Lysyl Oxidase Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Keratoconus: A Nationwide Registration Study.

Purpose: Keratoconus (KC) is the most common primary ectatic corneal disease, characterized by progressive thinning of the cornea, affecting its shape and structure and leading to visual loss. Lysyl oxidase is an important component of the extracellular matrix and contributes to the homeostasis of corneal stromal extracellular matrix via enzymatic reaction. This nationwide registration study aims to examine the association of KC with 2 known single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs2956540 and rs10519694, in a population of Iranian descent.

Efficacy of cysteamine and methimazole in treating melasma: A comparative narrative review.

Melasma is a chronic and acquired pigmentary condition that primarily affects women and undermines patient satisfaction and confidence. Melasma mostly affects females, accounting for 90% of all cases. It affects people of all races, particularly those with skin types IV and V who live in areas with lots of UV radiation.

The Cardiac Effects of COVID-19: Review of articles.

Cardiovascular wellbeing has been dramatically affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), the reason for the coronavirus disease pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is a greater risk of morbidity and death in individuals with preexisting heart diseases. Clinical syndromes of the acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, heart failure, and venous thromboembolism can, directly and indirectly, affect the heart.

Visual performance of four types of diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses and a review of articles.

Aim: To compare the clinical outcomes of a variety of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) in patients diagnosed with presbyopia or cataracts.

Methods: This clinical trial study included 141 patients (282 eyes) with different MIOLs implantation. The Symfony (60 eyes), the ReSTOR (100 eyes), the AT LISAtri (60 eyes), and the PanOptix (62 eyes) intraocular lenses were evaluated in this prospective interventional study.

Customized Stromal Lenticule Implantation for Keratoconus.

Purpose: To investigate the potential benefit of keratoconus surgery using customized corneal stromal donor lenticules obtained from myopic small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery by femtosecond laser.

Methods: In this prospective, consecutive, non-comparative series of cases, 22 lenticules were obtained from 22 myopic patients who had SMILE with a lenticule central thickness of greater than 110 µm. The lenticules were implanted in 22 eyes with advanced keratoconus.

The Effect of Hirodoid Cream on Ecchymosis and Edema around Eyes after Rhinoplasty.

Background: Several methods have been used to decrease the periorbital edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of hirudoid and dexamethasone in reduction of the periorbital edema and ecchymosis.

Methods: Sixty patients who underwent primary rhinoplasty were randomly divided into 3 groups.

The renin-angiotensin system in cutaneous hypertrophic scar and keloid formation.

Hypertrophic scar and keloid are two types of fibroproliferative conditions that result from excessive extracellular matrix production. The underlying pathological mechanism is not entirely clear. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with fibrosis in various organs.

Detection of Angiotensin II and AT Receptor Concentrations in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scar.

Keloid and hypertrophic scars (HTS) are formed by excessive collagen formation. Angiotensin II, through the AT receptor, plays an important role in extracellular matrix production. However, less is known about angiotensin II and AT receptor concentrations in HTS and keloid tissues.

Losartan ointment relieves hypertrophic scars and keloid: A pilot study.

Keloid and hypertrophic scars are two types of fibrosis caused by extracellular matrix overexpression, and angiotensin II via AT receptor is known to play a key role in stimulation of fibrosis. A pilot placebo controlled single blind study was carried out on patients with hypertrophic scars and keloids. A total of 37 adult volunteers were randomly assigned into losartan 5% or placebo treatment groups.

Implantation of ArtificialIris, a CustomFlex irisprosthesis, in a trauma patient with an Artisan lens: A case report and review.

Purpose: To evaluate probable complications of ArtificialIris implantation with iris fixated intraocular lens.

Method: Development of photophobia, glare, and psychological strain during face-to-face communication in a 23-year-old man with a widespread traumatic iris defect terminate to make a decision for performing implantation of an ArtificialIris (Humanoptics, Erlangen, Germany) under the remnant iris without removing the patient's existing Artisan lens.

Results: Without any intraoperative or postoperative complications, the patient's visual acuity increased by 1 line, the endothelial cell loss was comparable with the cell loss associated with standard cataract surgery, and the anterior-chamber depth and anterior-chamber anatomy did not change.

Introducing a Favourite Tip Definition and Projection with Tripod Suture in Rhinoplasty.

Introduction: Surgical manipulation of the lower lateral cartilages of nasal tip could cause subtle but significant responses to the manipulation. The suture-techniques almost always offer a reliable and dramatic method of tip reshaping without a need to break or interrupt the alar rim strip or even adding tip graft.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe and assess outcomes of a new suture technique in rhinoplasty by using cephalic dome septal rotation suture for better tip definition.

Reconstruction of massive facial avulsive injury, secondary to animal bite.

Management of facial soft tissue trauma requires complex reconstruction surgery. Animal bite on face is a common cause of facial tissue trauma with severe destruction. Evaluation of unit involvement is the first effort, followed by designation of reconstruction.

Evaluation of female patients motivating factors for aesthetic surgery.

Background: Nowadays, plastic surgeries are among the most popular types of surgeries around the world and Iran has one of the highest rankings in this respect regarding its population size. Based on these facts, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the volunteers' motivations attitudes and informational sources in Tehran, Iran.

Methods: The study was conducted on a cross-sectional basis.