Visible-Light-Enabled Catalytic Intramolecular Double Oxidation of Olefins to -Hydroxylactones.

We have effectively utilized cost-effective 2-bromoanthraquinone as a photocatalyst to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly method for producing -hydroxy lactones under mild visible light irradiation. Importantly, this protocol only relies on oxygen as an oxidant, completely eliminating the need for additional chemical reagents and showcasing a sustainable approach to chemical transformation. Operating at room temperature, we utilized a mixed solvent system of DMF and CHCl, which greatly facilitated the selective conversion of various 2-vinylbenzoic acids and carboxylic acids to functional -hydroxyl lactones.

Effects of Laminaria japonica polysaccharides on exercise endurance and oxidative stress in forced swimming mouse model.

Background: Polysaccharides are the major active ingredients responsible for the bioactivities of Laminaria japonica. However, the effects of L. japonica polysaccharides (LJP) on exercise endurance and oxidative stress have never been investigated.