Age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of autoimmune diseases in adolescents and young adults (15-39 years): an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Autoimmune diseases (ADs) present significant health challenges globally, especially among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) due to their unique developmental stages. Comprehensive analyses of their burden are limited. This study leverages the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data to assess the global, regional, and national burden and trends of major ADs among AYAs from 1990 to 2021.

Serum vitamin D levels and Sjogren's syndrome: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Based on the results of existing observational studies, it can be found that the association between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in humans is still controversial. Based on this situation, this study aimed to assess the causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and SS by using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: In this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics on serum vitamin D levels [sample size = 417,580 (UK Biobank)] and SS [sample size = 416,757 (cases = 2495, controls = 414,262) (FinnGen)] were used.

Comparison of SARIMA model and Holt-Winters model in predicting the incidence of Sjögren's syndrome.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence trend of Sjögren's syndrome in the Department of Immunology and Rheumatology of Nanjing Zhongda Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019, and compare the application of SARIMA model and Holt-Winters model in predicting the number of cases of Sjögren's syndrome.

Methods: All of the data from the Department of Immunology and Rheumatology of Nanjing Zhongda Hospital were collected. The number of monthly cases from January 2015 to December 2019 was regarded as the training set, and it was used to establish the SARIMA model and Holt-Winters model.

Association of PM and its components with lengths of hospital stay for hand foot and mouth disease in children.

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a widespread public health concern but the studies on air pollution and the lengths of hospital stay (LOS) of HFMD are scarce nevertheless. Clinic demographic features among 5135 hospitalized HFMD cases in Nanjing, China, had been characterized from 2012 to 2017. Then, we had analyzed the association between PM short-term exposure as well as its components (OM, BC, SO4, NH4, NIT, SOIL, and SS) and the LOS of HFMD.

The association of sex-biased ATRX mutation in female gastric cancer patients with enhanced immunotherapy-related anticancer immunity.

Background: Genetic alterations have been proven to be the promising biomarkers for ICI response. However, sex biases in genetic alterations have been often ignored in the field of immunotherapy, which might specially influence the anticancer immunity and immunotherapy efficacy in male or female patients. Here, we have systematically evaluated the effect of the sex biases in somatic mutation of gastric cancer (GC) patients on the anticancer immunity and clinical benefit to immunotherapy.

Role of endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The five-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma patients (LUAD) is very low,and the methods of predicting survival are a great obstacle for LUAD therapies. Endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) gene is associated with tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of EDNRB on LUAD.

The synergistic effect between adult weight changes and CYP24A1 polymorphisms is associated with pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.

Purpose: Vitamin D (VD) metabolism regulates adipose tissue, lipogenesis inflammation, and tumor growth. CYP24A1 is the key enzyme for metabolic inactivation of active VD (1,25(OH)D). We examined whether common germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP24A1 gene could affect the association between adult weight gain and breast cancer (BC) risk.

Molecular characteristic of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Nanjing from 2015 to 2017.

Objective: To investigate the evolutionary dynamics and characteristic of the molecular transmission networks of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Nanjing.

Methods: Viral samples were collected from 580 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1 pol sequences were obtained and used for for molecular evolutionary analyses.

Adult weight change and the risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer in the Chinese Wuxi Exposure and Breast Cancer Study.

Purpose: The accumulating evidence indicates that weight gain in adulthood is more predictive of breast cancer risk than absolute body weight. However, the relative impact of timing of weight gain in adulthood on breast cancer as well as other characteristics of the association between weight and breast cancer has not been well documented.

Methods: This population-based case-control study of breast cancer included 818 patients with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer and 935 residence and age-matched healthy controls.

Genetic transmission networks reveal the transmission patterns of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in China.

Objectives: The epidemic of HIV-1 CRF01_AE has become a major public health issue in China. This study aimed to characterise the transmission patterns of genetic networks for CRF01_AE nationwide and elucidate possible opportunities for prevention.

Methods: We isolated and conducted genetic transmission network analysis of all available CRF01_AE sequences (n=4704) from China in the Los Alamos HIV sequence database.

Multiple introductions and onward transmission of HIV-1 subtype B strains in Shanghai, China.

Objective: To investigate the viral genetic evolution, spatial origins and patterns of transmission of HIV-1 subtype B in Shanghai, China.

Methods: A total of 242 Shanghai subtype B and 1519 reference pol sequences were subjected to phylogenetic inference and genetic transmission network analyses.

Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that subtype B strains circulating in Shanghai were genetically diverse and closely associated with viral sequence lineages in Beijing (76 of 242 [31.

A meta-analysis of the association between Behçet's disease and MICA-A6.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multi-system inflammatory condition with unknown cause, characterized by a triple-symptom complex of recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis and skin lesions. It predominantly affects people living around the Mediterranean basin and in Japan. The effects of the major histocompatibility complex class I chain related gene A (MICA) A6 allele on susceptibility to Behçet's disease (BD) have been reported previously, however, their results have been unreliable.