It is generally understood that wound areas appear smaller when calculated using 2D images, but the factors contributing to this discrepancy are not well-defined. With the rise of 3D photography, 3D segmentation, and 3D measurement, more accurate assessments have become possible. We developed an application called the Burn Evaluation Network (B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Inform Decis Mak
December 2024
Background: We aimed to develop and validate models for predicting intensive care unit (ICU) mortality of critically ill adult patients as early as upon ICU admission.
Methods: Combined data of 79,657 admissions from two teaching hospitals' ICU databases were used to train and validate the machine learning models to predict ICU mortality upon ICU admission and at 24 h after ICU admission by using logistic regression, gradient boosted trees (GBT), and deep learning algorithms.
Results: In the testing dataset for the admission models, the ICU mortality rate was 7%, and 38.
Background: Severe community-acquired pneumonia was associated with high morbidity and mortality in children. However, species-level microbiome of lower airway was sparse, and we used shotgun metagenomic next-generation sequencing to explore microbial signatures.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study to recruit children under 18 who required admission to an intensive care unit for community-acquired pneumonia between December 2019 and February 2022.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using mHealth devices for monitoring postoperative ambulation among patients with colorectal cancer undergoing minimally invasive surgery (MIS).
Methods: Patients with colorectal cancer undergoing MIS were prospectively recruited to wear mHealth devices for recording postoperative ambulation between October 2018 and January 2021. The primary outcome was the compliance by evaluating the weekly submission rate of step counts.
Purpose: This study seeks to build a normative database for the vessel density of the superficial retina (SVD) and evaluate how changes and trends in the retinal microvasculature may be influenced by age and axial length (AL) in non-glaucomatous eyes, as measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Methods: We included 500 eyes of 290 healthy subjects visiting a county hospital. Each participant underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examinations and OCTA to measure the SVD and thickness of the macular and peripapillary areas.
Objectives: This study aimed to predict mortality in children with pneumonia who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to aid decision-making.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study conducted at a single tertiary hospital.
Patients: This study included children who were admitted to the pediatric ICU at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 2010 and 2019 due to pneumonia.
Background: Individuals with panic disorder frequently face ongoing symptoms, suboptimal treatment adherence, and increased relapse rates. Although mobile health interventions have shown promise in improving treatment outcomes for numerous mental health conditions, their effectiveness, specifically for panic disorder, has yet to be determined.
Objective: This study investigates the effects of a mobile-aided case management program on symptom reduction and quality of care among individuals with panic disorder.
Objective: In Taiwan, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children declined after the catch-up primary vaccination programs and the full national immunization program (NIP) with PCV13. The objective of the study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) before and after the NIP.
Methods: The study included patients aged 3 months to 17 years who were diagnosed with CAP and treated at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 2007 and 2019.
Background: An accurate prediction of mortality in end-of-life care is crucial but presents challenges. Existing prognostic tools demonstrate moderate performance in predicting survival across various time frames, primarily in in-hospital settings and single-time evaluations. However, these tools may fail to capture the individualized and diverse trajectories of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Healthcare professionals frequently experience work-related fatigue, which may jeopardize their health and put patient safety at risk. In this study, we applied a machine learning (ML) approach based on data collected from a smartwatch to construct prediction models of work-related fatigue for emergency clinicians.
Methods: We conducted this prospective study at the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary teaching hospital from March 10-June 20, 2021, where we recruited physicians, nurses, and nurse practitioners.
Purpose: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is often used to evaluate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients' functional capacity, with 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and related measures being linked to mortality and hospitalizations. This study investigates the prognostic value of pace variability, a significant indicator in sports medicine, during the 6MWT for COPD patients.
Patients And Methods: We retrospectively screened consecutive COPD patients who had been prospectively enrolled in a pay-for-performance program from January 2019 to May 2020 to determine their eligibility.
Psychotherapy is a learning process. Updating the prediction models of the brain may be the mechanism underlying psychotherapeutic changes. Although developed in different eras and cultures, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and Morita therapy are influenced by Zen principles, and both emphasize the acceptance of reality and suffering.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPressure injuries are a common problem resulting in poor prognosis, long-term hospitalization, and increased medical costs in an aging society. This study developed a method to do automatic segmentation and area measurement of pressure injuries using deep learning models and a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) camera. We selected the finest photos of patients with pressure injuries, 528 in total, at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2016 to 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Glaucoma is one of the major causes of blindness; it is estimated that over 110 million people will be affected by glaucoma worldwide by 2040. Research on glaucoma detection using deep learning technology has been increasing, but the diagnosis of glaucoma in a large population with high incidence of myopia remains a challenge. This study aimed to provide a decision support system for the automatic detection of glaucoma using fundus images, which can be applied for general screening, especially in areas of high incidence of myopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The automatic coding of clinical text documents by using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) can be performed for statistical analyses and reimbursements. With the development of natural language processing models, new transformer architectures with attention mechanisms have outperformed previous models. Although multicenter training may increase a model's performance and external validity, the privacy of clinical documents should be protected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vital signs have been widely adopted in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) assessment, which plays an important role in inpatient deterioration detection. As the number of early warning systems and artificial intelligence applications increases, health care information exchange and interoperability are becoming more complex and difficult. Although Health Level 7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) have already developed a vital signs profile, it is not sufficient to support IHCA applications or machine learning-based models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper presents an integrated and scalable precision health service for health promotion and chronic disease prevention. Continuous real-time monitoring of lifestyle and environmental factors is implemented by integrating wearable devices, open environmental data, indoor air quality sensing devices, a location-based smartphone app, and an AI-assisted telecare platform. The AI-assisted telecare platform provided comprehensive insight into patients' clinical, lifestyle, and environmental data, and generated reliable predictions of future acute exacerbation events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In recent years, thanks to the rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, an entire human genome can be sequenced in a short period. As a result, NGS technology is now being widely introduced into clinical diagnosis practice, especially for diagnosis of hereditary disorders. Although the exome data of single-nucleotide variant (SNV) can be generated using these approaches, processing the DNA sequence data of a patient requires multiple tools and complex bioinformatics pipelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Accurate assessment of the percentage of total body surface area (%TBSA) burned is crucial in managing burn injuries. It is difficult to estimate the size of an irregular shape by inspection. Many articles reported the discrepancy of estimating %TBSA burned by different doctors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough in-hospital cardiac arrest is uncommon, it has a high mortality rate. Risk identification of at-risk patients is critical for post-cardiac arrest survival rates. Early warning scoring systems are generally used to identify hospitalized patients at risk of deterioration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep-learning model to evaluate knee osteoarthritis using Kellgren-Lawrence grading in real-life knee radiographs. A deep convolutional neural network model was trained using 8964 knee radiographs from the osteoarthritis initiative (OAI), including 962 testing set images. Another 246 knee radiographs from the Far Eastern Memorial Hospital were used for external validation.
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