The Psychological Distress of Food Insecurity: A Qualitative Study of the Emotional Experiences of Parents and Their Coping Strategies.

Background: Food insecurity increases the risks of diet-related chronic disease and mental health outcomes in low-income adults; however, the pathways underlying these associations have not been clearly identified. Chronic, psychological distress may represent an important pathway between food insecurity and health.

Objective: To identify types of psychological distress, experiential descriptions, and the array of emotional responses and coping strategies specific to food insecurity among parents with children DESIGN: A phenomenological qualitative study using one-on-one, in-depth interviews.

Food insecurity is associated with serious psychological distress among low-income California adults.

This study examined differences in the associations between food insecurity and serious psychological distress (SPD) by key sociodemographic factors in a population-based sample of low-income adults from the 2017 California Health Interview Survey ( = 6266). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, low food security, and very low food security were both positively associated with SPD among all low-income adults. Upon stratification, these associations were most pronounced among adults under age 50, males, and in adults with children.

Frequency of GCH1 deletions in Dopa-responsive dystonia.

We performed a systematic study on the frequency of point mutations and deletions of the gene GCH1 in dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD). A total of 136 dystonia patients were studied. Fifty of these had a sustained response to oral L-Dopa therapy (group 1: definite diagnosis of DRD), whereas the response to L-Dopa was incomplete or not tested in 86 patients (group 2: possible diagnosis of DRD).

A behavioral-analytic model for assessing stress in police officers: phase I. Development of the Law Enforcement Officer Stress Survey (LEOSS).

Research and clinical reports over the past 25 years have documented the high level of stress inherent in the law enforcement profession. Further, these findings have indicated a wide range of negative physical and mental health sequelae from this stress. The present study employed a behavioral-analytic assessment approach to develop a brief, early warning screening measure of stress among law enforcement officers, the Law Enforcement Officer Stress Survey (LEOSS).

Tilted lateral radiographs in the evaluation of intra-articular distal radius fractures.

The anatomy of the distal radius confounds the assessment of fracture displacement of the lunate facet. Since reduction of the articular surface is paramount to obtaining good clinical results, this study was designed to evaluate whether a radiograph taken 22 degrees from true lateral (forearm held at a 22 degrees angle from the horizontal film cassette) would enhance the accuracy of measuring displacement. Fifteen lunate facet fractures of varying depression were produced in 7 fresh cadaveric wrists.

Mycobacterium phlei infection of the foot: a case report.

A case of Mycobacterium phlei infection in the flexor digitorum longus and posterior tibialis tendon of an otherwise healthy adult male is reported. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case in the English literature of human infection by M. phlei.

Association of baseline neuropsychological function and progression of illness over 4 years in HIV-seropositive individuals.

The authors conducted a study to examine the association between neuropsychological markers of central nervous system impairment and systemic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression in a sample of 64 HIV-positive asymptomatic patients who were followed for a median of 45.6 months. Patients with poorer baseline scores on the Halstead-Reitan Trail-Making A neuropsychological test developed HIV-related systemic symptoms earlier over the study period than patients with the higher scores on the same test (P < 0.

Falls prevention: the efficacy of a bed alarm system in an acute-care setting.

The present study examined the clinical efficacy of a bed alarm system in reducing falls from bed on a geriatric evaluation and treatment unit. A nine-month case-controlled study was designed, in which 70 patients (60 women, 10 men; mean age 84 years, range 67-97 years) at increased risk for bed falls were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. Subjects in the experimental group (n = 35) received a bed alarm system and those in the control group (n = 35) did not.

Low-dose sultamicillin oral suspension in the treatment of mild to moderate paediatric infections in Turkey.

A total of 101 children (47 males, 54 females; age range, 3 months-16 years) with mild to moderate upper or lower respiratory tract infections, or skin and soft tissue infections entered a clinical study conducted at two centres in Izmir, Turkey. The children received a mean daily dose of 25 mg/kg sultamicillin oral suspension administered as two equal doses approximately 12 h apart. In total, 100 children met all requirements for evaluability and were included in the clinical efficacy assessment, and 49 children were evaluated for bacteriological efficacy.

Demographic characteristics, drug use, and sexual behavior of i.v. drug user with AIDS in Bronx, New York.

Intravenous (i.v.) drug users are a key factor in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, yet epidemiologic information about this population, especially those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is scarce.

Additional evidence for lack of transmission of HIV infection by close interpersonal (casual) contact.

To further study the possibility of transmission of HIV infection by close personal but non-sexual, non-parenteral contact we have continued to enroll and evaluate household contacts of adult patients with AIDS. Two hundred and six household contacts of 90 patients with AIDS were evaluated with detailed interviews, physical examinations, and detection of HIV antibodies and p24 antigen from 1984 to 1987; 118 of these contacts were re-evaluated 6-12 months after cessation of household contact or death of the patient. The median duration of household contact from 18 months prior to symptoms in the AIDS patients to last contact was 23 months (range 3-101 months).

A prospective comparison of neuropsychologic function in HIV-seropositive and seronegative methadone-maintained patients.

A prospective longitudinal study of neuropsychological and psychosocial functioning in a methadone-maintained population was initiated to test the hypothesis that cognitive impairments may be present early in the course of HIV infection, before the onset of other physical symptoms. A total of 220 methadone-clinic patients without evidence of HIV-related illnesses were given baseline psychological screening tests, as well as serological testing for HIV antibodies. At baseline, 83 (38%) had antibodies to HIV and 137 (62%) did not.

Virulence of papillary endometrial carcinoma.

While uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) has been well described as a virulent subtype of endometrial adenocarcinoma (AC), with behavior similar to that of papillary serous ovarian carcinoma, the papillary endometrial (PE) variant has not been well characterized. We studied 117 patients with endometrial carcinoma identified by our tumor registry, pathology files, and practice records from March 1981 to February 1989: 76 with AC, 26 with PE, and 15 with UPSC. Age and demographic data were similar for all three groups.

Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection in intravenous drug users.

To identify risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in intravenous drug users, we undertook a study of the seroprevalence of HIV antibody in 452 persons enrolled in a methadone-treatment program in the Bronx, New York. The seroprevalence of HIV was 39.4 percent overall, 49.

Women surgeons: a national survey.

In order to add to the data on women surgeons as well as to clarify concerns raised in the literature, a questionnaire survey of fully trained women surgeons was conducted between 1983 and 1986. The 386 responses were analyzed and the results are presented here. Findings show that women surgeons are young (median age 37), board certified (77%), and practicing in varied settings.

Knowledge about AIDS and high-risk behavior among intravenous drug users in New York City.

Two hundred and sixty-one intravenous (IV) drug users, distributed between a methadone maintenance program and a large detention facility in New York City, were interviewed about knowledge of AIDS, needle use practices, and risk-reduction efforts. Ninety-seven per cent of subjects recognized needle-sharing as an AIDS risk factor; subjects showed less awareness about the effectiveness of certain risk-reduction techniques and tended to over-estimate the risk of casual contact. Of those still sharing needles at the time of first becoming aware of AIDS, 63% reported having subsequently either stopped needle-sharing or ceased IV drug use entirely.

The incidence of nosocomial pneumonia following urgent endotracheal intubation.

The risk of nosocomial pneumonia following emergency or urgent endotracheal intubation was studied prospectively. Pneumonia developed in 35 of 78 (45%) patients within three days of intubation. No differences in age, sex, underlying illness, respiratory infection, or antibiotic use were found between those with or without pneumonia.

Inability to predict diagnosis in febrile intravenous drug abusers.

Although hospitalization is recommended for all febrile intravenous drug abusers, this practice has not been tested and validated. To determine the distribution of disease and the predictive value of clinical information available in the emergency room for diagnosis in these patients, we prospectively evaluated the clinical and laboratory data for 87 consecutive admissions involving 75 intravenous drug abusers with temperature of 38.1 degrees C or more, emergency room physicians' diagnostic predictions, and final diagnosis.

A prospective longitudinal study of neuropsychological and psychosocial factors in asymptomatic individuals at risk for HTLV-III/LAV infection in a methadone program: preliminary findings.

To test the hypothesis that cognitive impairment may be present early in the course of HTLV-III/LAV infection, intravenous drug abusers (IDVAs) without overt symptoms of AIDS related illness were tested with standard neuropsychological and psychosocial measures. This study is the baseline for a prospective longitudinal study of the natural history of HTLV-III/LAV infection in this high risk population. Of 211 subjects initially evaluated, 70 (33%) were HTLV-III/LAV seropositive and 141 (67%) were seronegative.

Outcome of subsequent pregnancies following antibiotic therapy after primary or multiple spontaneous abortions.

The course of the subsequent pregnancy and the maternal and fetal complications were evaluated in 254 couples who were seen in an infertility clinic after primary or multiple spontaneous abortions. The 100 couples who were treated with antibiotics after pregnancy loss showed a significantly better chance of achieving a subsequent pregnancy. The outcome of pregnancy was significantly better in the antibiotic treated group and the rate of spontaneous abortion recurrence was significantly lower (10 versus 38 per cent).

Combined toxic effects of tetracycline and ethinyl estradiol on liver function of mice.

The combined effects of ethinyl estradiol (EE) (0.5 micrograms/g s.c.