Impacts of mining on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates - A case study of molybdenum mining area in Luanchuan county.

Mineral exploitation is one of the human activities that seriously affect freshwater ecosystems. It is of great significance to study the impact of mining on the α and β diversity of macroinvertebrates. This study reveals the response of taxonomic and functional α and β diversity of macroinvertebrates to mining activities in the Luanchuan molybdenum mining area.

Four-core fiber-based multi-tapered WaveFlex biosensor for rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using nanoparticles-enhanced probes.

Infections caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) can be highly fatal, making rapid and sensitive detection of them is essential. A new optical fiber biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon is developed in this paper.

A Chirped Characteristic-Tunable Terahertz Source for Terahertz Sensing.

In broadband terahertz waves generated by femtosecond lasers, spatial chirp will be simultaneously produced with the introduction of angular dispersion. The chirp characteristics of the terahertz wave will directly affect the frequency response, bandwidth response, and intensity response of the terahertz sensor. To enhance the capability of terahertz sensors, it is necessary to control and improve the chirped characteristics of broadband terahertz sources.

A study of macroinvertebrate community structure and diversity in response to land use type in the Yiluo River Basin.

Land use types have a significant impact on river ecosystems. The Yiluo River is the largest tributary below Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, and is one of the important water conservation areas in the Yellow River Basin. Studying the ecological status of the Yiluo River under varied land use types in this basin is crucial for both ecological protection and the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

High-precision sensor for glucose solution using active multidimensional feature THz spectroscopy.

Terahertz waves are known for their bio-safety and spectral fingerprinting features, and terahertz spectroscopy technology holds great potential for both qualitative and quantitative identification in the biomedical field. There has been a substantial amount of research utilizing this technology in conjunction with machine learning algorithms for substance identification. However, due to the strong absorption of water for terahertz waves, the single-dimensional features of the sample become indistinct, thereby diminishing the efficiency of the algorithmic recognition.

Non-contact, highly sensitive sugar concentration detection based on CoSnS Weyl semimetal thin film sensor by terahertz wave.

Blood sugar is an important biomedical parameter of diabetic patients. The current blood sugar testing is based on an invasive method, which is not very friendly for patients who require long-term monitoring, while the non-invasive method is still in the developing stage. In this paper, we design a non-invasive and highly sensitive terahertz wave detector with CoSnS semimetal thin film to test sugar concentration.

Signal-enhanced multi-core fiber-based WaveFlex biosensor for ultra-sensitive xanthine detection.

In this work, we introduce a novel multimode fiber (MMF) - seven core fiber (SCF) - MMF (MCM) optical fiber biosensor, also known as the WaveFlex biosensor (plasma wave assisted fiber biosensor), based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for qualitative detection of xanthine. Xanthine is a purine base widely distributed in human blood and tissues, and commonly used as an indicator for various disease detections. The MCM sensor incorporates a tapered optical fiber structure, fabricated using the combiner manufacturing system (CMS), and is designed with SCF and MMF.

Tetrabromobisphenol A transformation by biochar supported post-sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron: Mechanistic insights from shell control and solvent kinetic isotope effects.

Post-sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron with a controlled FeS shell thickness deposited on biochar (S-nZVI/BC) was synthesized to degrade tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Detailed characterizations revealed that the increasing sulfidation degree altered shell thickness/morphology, S content/speciation/distribution, hydrophobicity, and electron transfer capacity. Meanwhile, the BC improved electron transfer capacity and hydrophobicity and inhibited the surface oxidation of S-nZVI.

Immunogenicity and safety of an egg culture-based quadrivalent inactivated non-adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccine in subjects ≥3 years: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, active-controlled phase III, non-inferiority trial.

Subunit influenza vaccine only formulated with surface antigen proteins has better safety profiles relative to split-virion influenza vaccine. Compared to the traditional quadrivalent split-virion influenza vaccine, a novel quadrivalent subunit influenza vaccine is urgently needed in China. We completed a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, non-inferiority clinical study at two sites in Henan Province, China.

Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose of Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine, and Immune Persistence of a Primary Dose for Children Aged 2 to 6 Years.

Aim: To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose of live attenuated varicella vaccine (VarV) manufactured by Sinovac (Dalian) Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd., and the immune persistence of a primary dose in 2- to 6-year-old children.

Feasibility analysis of an SMS-/MSM-/SMSMS-based optical fiber sensor structure.

The paper discusses the application of single-mode fiber (SMF) and multimode fiber (MMF) to the fabrication of a sensor structure based on the hetero-core optical fiber structure. The proposed structures are SMF-MMF-SMF (SMS), MMF-SMF-MMF (MSM), and SMF-MMF-SMF-MMF-SMF (SMSMS). The transmitted intensity of the probe is used to estimate the strength of the evanescent field.

Performance analysis of an SMF-/MMF-based single/double/quadruple tapered optical fiber structure.

This paper primarily discusses the structural performance analysis of a single/double/quadruple tapered optical fiber (TOF) structure based on single-mode fiber (SMF) and multi-mode fiber (MMF). Furthermore, the TOF's performance, including its diameter distribution, transmitted intensity, and reproducibility, is also evaluated. According to the experimental results, it can be concluded that the quadruple TOF structure based on SMF has a higher density of evanescent waves (EWs) on the surface of the tapered area, which is essential for the fabrication of high-sensitivity optical fiber sensors.

Enhanced nitrobenzene removal in soil by biochar supported sulfidated nano zerovalent iron: Solubilization effect and mechanism.

Sulfidated nano zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) is reported to be effective in removal of aqueous organic contaminants. However, little is known about its potential use in reductive degradation of soil-sorbed contaminants. In this study, biochar (BC) supported S-nZVI (S-nZVI@BC) was successfully synthesized through sulfidation and carbon loading modification, which effectively combined the solubilization characteristics of BC and high reduction characteristics of S-nZVI.

17.8 fs broadband Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:CALGO oscillator.

Pulses as short as 17.8 fs with a spectral bandwidth of 145 nm and central wavelength of 1118 nm have been generated from a Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:CALGO oscillator. The oscillator operating at an average power of 26 mW and a repetition rate of 95.

Modeling of intracavity-pumped Q-switched terahertz parametric oscillators based on stimulated polariton scattering.

In this paper, the rate equations describing the operation of intracavity-pumped Q-switched terahertz parametric oscillators based on stimulated polariton scattering are given for the first time. The rate equations are obtained under the plane-wave approximation, the oscillating fundamental and Stokes waves are supposed to be round uniform beam spots. Considering the fact that the terahertz wave nearly traverses the pump and Stokes beams and using the coupled wave equations, the terahertz wave intensity is expressed as the function of the fundamental and Stokes intensities.

Tunable Stokes laser based on the cascaded stimulated polariton scattering and stimulated Raman scattering in RbTiOPO crystal.

Stimulated polariton scattering (SPS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in ${{\rm RbTiOPO}_4}$RbTiOPO (RTP) crystal are combined in an intracavity-pumped Stokes parametric oscillator (SPO) to extend the tunable Stokes laser spectral range. The pumping laser wavelength is 1064 nm from a diode-end-pumped acousto-optically Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. By the SPS process in the SPO, the SPS-Stokes wave can be discontinuously tuned in the range of 1075.

Synergistic conversion of coal char and methane for syngas and carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes.

A facile one-pot process for synergistic conversion of coal char and methane is conducted by employing KCO as the catalyst. Besides syngas production, valuable carbon products are obtained and used to serve for supercapacitor electrodes. Effect of the operating parameters (including the catalyst dosage, gas feed flow rate, reaction temperature and time) is evaluated on electrochemical performance of the as-prepared carbon.

Enhancing the thermostability of lipase by combined mutation of hot-spots and engineering a disulfide bond.

lipase (ROL) is important because of its extreme -1,3-regioselectivity, but it shows poor thermostability, which severely restricts its application. In this work, the thermostability of ROL was greatly enhanced by rational design. First, several sites that may affect the thermostability of ROL were identified by multiple-sequence alignment.

Emission and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in various processes of a petroleum refinery in the Pearl River Delta, China.

The process-specific emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a petroleum refinery in the Pearl River Delta, China was monitored to assess the health risk from VOCs to workers of this refinery. Over 60 VOCs were detected in the air samples collected from various sites in the refining, basic chemical, and wastewater treatment areas of the refinery using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. The health risks of VOCs to the refinery workers were assessed using US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) methods.