EGFR and MUC1 as dual-TAA drug targets for lung cancer and colorectal cancer.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a key protein in cellular signaling that is overexpressed in many human cancers, making it a compelling therapeutic target. On-target severe skin toxicity has limited its clinical application. Dual-targeting therapy represents a novel approach to overcome the challenges of EGFR-targeted therapies.

A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Study of the Breast Biopsy and Circumferential Excision System for Breast Lesions.

Background: This study aimed to verify the effectiveness, safety, and reliability of the breast biopsy and circumferential excision system.

Methods: It was designed as a multicenter, randomized, open-label, positive control, noninferiority trial. A total of 168 subjects who met the breast lesion screening requirements of the clinical trial protocol were randomly divided into a breast biopsy and circumferential excision dual cutting system test group or Mammotome control group.

The utility of sentinel Lymph node biopsy in the lateral neck in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Regional lymph node metastases (LNMs) are very common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and associate with locoregional recurrence. The appropriate management of cervical lymph nodes is very important. Therefore, this study evaluated the application of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the lateral neck in PTC patients.

Deoxyribonucleic Acid 5-Hydroxymethylation in Cell-Free Deoxyribonucleic Acid, a Novel Cancer Biomarker in the Era of Precision Medicine.

Aberrant methylation has been regarded as a hallmark of cancer. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is recently identified as the ten-eleven translocase (ten-eleven translocase)-mediated oxidized form of 5-methylcytosine, which plays a substantial role in DNA demethylation. Cell-free DNA has been introduced as a promising tool in the liquid biopsy of cancer.

Proteomics provides individualized options of precision medicine for patients with gastric cancer.

While precision medicine driven by genome sequencing has revolutionized cancer care, such as lung cancer, its impact on gastric cancer (GC) has been minimal. GC patients are routinely treated with chemotherapy, but only a fraction of them receive the clinical benefit. There is an urgent need to develop biomarkers or algorithms to select chemo-sensitive patients or apply targeted therapy.

CHFR‑mediated epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition promotes metastasis in human breast cancer cells.

Checkpoint with FHA and RING finger domains (CHFR) is a G phase/mitosis checkpoint. Several studies have reported that CHFR is downregulated in multiple cancer types and serves a tumor suppressor role. However, the biological function of CHFR in breast cancer (BRCA), particularly regarding metastasis, are yet to be elucidated.

Low-Grade Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Axilla of Breast Origin in a Male: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma (LGASC) is a rare invasive tumor that occurs in breast parenchyma. It has previously only been reported in females. Herein, we describe the case of a 52-year-old male who presented with a palpable mass in his right axilla that he reported had been present for 20-years.

Retroperitoneal metastasis synchronous with brain and mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis from breast invasive ductal carcinoma as the first site of distant metastasis: a case report and review of literature.

Breast carcinoma retroperitoneal metastasis is rare. The clinical symptoms of this disease are always non-specific. Laboratory tests are not always helpful for diagnosis and evaluation.

MiR-1236-3p serves as a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.

Background: The microRNA plays an important role in tumor progression. MiR-1236-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in various malignancies.

Objective: The aim of present study was to explore the expression of miR-1236-3p in gastric cancer (GC) and its correlation with clinicopathological features, and evaluate the feasibility of using it as a prognostic biomarker in GC.

Direct binding of microRNA-21 pre-element with Regorafenib: An alternative mechanism for anti-colorectal cancer chemotherapy?

The Regorafenib is a broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor that has been approved to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). However, evidences have shown that the agent is also implicated in drug interaction with microRNA-21 (miR-21), an oncogenic miRNA which plays a key role in resisting programmed cell death in CRC cells. Here, we supposed that, instead of kinase inhibition, Regorafenib can directly bind to and then stabilize miR-21 pre-element, thus preventing RNase Dicer-meditated cleavage of the pre-element to mature miR-21.

Transcriptional profiling of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are subclass of noncoding RNAs that have been recently shown to play critical roles in cancer biology. However, little is known about their mechanistic role in breast cancer pathogenesis, especially in triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBC) that have particular poor outcomes. This study was specifically designed to identify the signatures relevant lncRNAs in breast cancer and characterize lncRNAs that modulate the phenotype.

A systematic analysis of the resistance and sensitivity of HER2YVMA receptor tyrosine kinase mutant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in HER2-positive lung cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has become a well-established target for the treatment of HER2-positive lung cancer. However, a frequently observed in-frame mutation that inserts amino acid quadruplex Tyr776-Val777-Met778-Ala779 at G776 (G776(YVMA)) in HER2 kinase domain can cause drug resistance and sensitivity, largely limiting the application of reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung cancer therapy. A systematic investigation of the intermolecular interactions between the HER2(YVMA) mutant and clinical small-molecule inhibitors would help to establish a complete picture of drug response to HER2 G776(YVMA) insertion in lung cancer, and to design new tyrosine kinase inhibitors with high potency and selectivity to target the lung cancer-related HER2(YVMA) mutant.

Identification of novel long non-coding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBC) are characterized by particularly poor outcomes, and there are no established markers significantly associated with prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are subclass of noncoding RNAs that have been recently shown to play critical roles in cancer biology. However, little is known about their mechanistic role in TNBC pathogenesis.

The Utility of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Occult Lymph Nodes.

Background: The sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the first draining node from the primary lesion, and it has proven to be a good indicator of the metastatic status of regional lymph nodes in solid tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of SLN biopsy (SLNB) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with occult lymph nodes.

Methods: From April 2006 to October 2012, 212 consecutive PTC patients were treated with SLNB using carbon nanoparticle suspension (CNS).

B-Myb regulates snail expression to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasion of breast cancer cell.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, which is closely related to metastasis. Recent studies argue that breast cancer cells that have undergone epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) acquire aggressive malignant properties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition are poorly understood. In this study, we found that siRNA-mediated attenuation of B-Myb expression restored E-cadherin expression and cell-cell junction formation in breast cancer cells, suppressing cell invasion, anchorage-independent growth, and tumor formation.

B-myb is a gene implicated in cell cycle and proliferation of breast cancer.

B-myb belongs to the myb family of transcription factors that include A-myb and c-myb. While A-myb and c-myb are tissue-specific, B-myb is broadly expressed in rapidly dividing cells of developing adult mammals. Results of our study showed that increased B-myb expression of was associated with the progression of breast cancer and that B-myb protein levels were significantly elevated in matched metastases.

Genetic variants of interleukin-4 gene in autoimmune thyroid diseases: an updated meta-analysis.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are common autoimmune endocrine disorders. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine secreted by T cells, plays a critical role in antigen-specific Th2 responses. The IL-4 gene is highly polymorphic and it has been reported that the polymorphism at -590 (T/C, rs2243250) in the promoter region of IL-4 may contribute to the development of AITDs.

Mammotome biopsy system for the resection of breast lesions: Clinical experience in two high-volume teaching hospitals.

Ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is regarded as a feasible, effective, minimally invasive and safe method for the removal of benign breast lesions, without the occurrence of serious complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided VABB using the Mammotome biopsy system in the treatment of breast lesions. The clinical outcomes of 3,681 patients with breast lesions were evaluated following excisions by ultrasound-guided VABB in two high-volume teaching hospitals.

Transarterial chemoembolization for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study of a 5-year experience in a single institution.

Background/aims: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the mainstay of management for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rates of patients with unresectable HCC following TACE performed in a single center.

Methodology: The authors retrospectively assessed the electronic medical records of 512 patients in whom HCC was newly diagnosed from January 2008 to December 2012 at a single tertiary medical center.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum in the right lower abdomen: a case report and review of literature.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is an uncommon benign adnexal tumor of the skin. It is frequently seen in association with other benign adnexal lesions, such as nevus sebaceous, apocrine nevus, tubular apocrine adenoma, apocrine hidrocystoma, apocrine cystadenoma, and clear cell syringoma. The unusual reported locations of SCAP include the head and neck, the buttock, the vulva, the scrotum, the pinna, the eyelid, the outer ear canal, the forehead, the back, the scalp, the thigh, the nipple, the axilla, and the postoperative scar.

Learning curve for endoscopic thyroidectomy: a single teaching hospital study.

Background: Endoscopic thyroidectomy allows surgeons to remove a thyroid tumor from a remote site, while providing excellent results from a cosmetic viewpoint. Endoscopic thyroidectomy via the breast approach is a recent technique that requires a learning curve. Research on the learning curve for endoscopic thyroidectomy could be a method for investigating the surgical outcome.

Perioperative cimetidine administration improves systematic immune response and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: Cimetidine has been shown to play an important role in the treatment of cancer and the regulation of the immune system. Therefore, we aimed to observe the effects of cimetidine on the systematic immune response in the perioperative period.

Methodology: Sixty patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled from Jan 2005 to Dec 2005 from Taizhou Hospital.

Heterogeneity between primary colon carcinoma and paired lymphatic and hepatic metastases.

Heterogeneity is one of the recognized characteristics of human tumors, and occurs on multiple levels in a wide range of tumors. A number of studies have focused on the heterogeneity found in primary tumors and related metastases with the consideration that the evaluation of metastatic rather than primary sites could be of clinical relevance. Numerous studies have demonstrated particularly high rates of heterogeneity between primary colorectal tumors and their paired lymphatic and hepatic metastases.

Extranodal follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in mesentery: A case report.

Extranodal follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcomas are not a common phenomenon. Due to the scarcity of the identified cases reported in the literature, FDC is probably under-recognized and commonly misdiagnosed. The diagnosis of FDC sarcomas is based on node-based spindle cell lesions, and the expression of CD21, CD35 and clusterin.