Presence of viable germ cells in testicular regression syndrome remnants: Is routine excision indicated? A systematic review.

There is no consensus in the literature about the necessity for excision of testicular remnants in the context of surgery for an impalpable testis and testicular regression syndrome (TRS). The incidence of germ cells (GCs) within these nubbins varies between 0 and 16% in previously published series. There is a hypothetical potential future malignancy risk, although there has been only one previously described isolated report of intratubular germ-cell neoplasia.

Paediatric sutureless circumcision and modified circumcision: video demonstration.

Objective: Circumcision is undertaken using a variety of surgical methods. Modified circumcision for the hooded prepuce or mild glanular hypospadias mandates an excellent cosmetic result. Tissue glue is an alternative to sutures for circumcision in children and has significant advantages in terms of cosmesis and postoperative pain.

Indications and relative renal function for paediatric nephrectomy over a 20-year period.

Background: The indications for partial or total nephrectomy for urological reasons are not clearly documented in the paediatric surgical literature and there are only a limited number of publications on this subject.

Purpose: In order to clarify the situation in our centre, we reviewed our own indications for nephrectomy over a 20-year period.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent nephrectomy for urological and oncological causes between May 1990 and October 2010 at our centre were retrospectively reviewed.

Neonatal testicular torsion: a systematic literature review.

Neonatal testicular torsion (NTT) is rare and reported salvage rates vary widely both in their cited frequency and plausibility. The timing and necessity of surgery is controversial with different centers arguing for the conservative management of all cases while others argue for prompt exploration for all. Confusion also reigns over the need to fix the contralateral testis.

Botulinum toxin in paediatric urology: a systematic literature review.

The use of botulinum toxin in paediatric urology has become increasingly widespread during recent years; however, the evidence base for its clinical use has been from adult urology centres and trials. The mechanism of action of this potent neurotoxin is discussed and evidence for its efficacy and safety is reviewed in both the adult and paediatric literature. Second, an electronic literature search was performed using the keywords paediatric urology, botulinum toxin, bladder, sphincter, and voiding dysfunction (excluding abstracts, letters and case reports).

The role of dynamic magnetic resonance urography in complex neonatal hydrometrocolpos.

Urinary hydrometrocolpos is rarely diagnosed and is most often attributed to a persistent urogenital sinus or a cloaca. We report the case of a neonate in which the use of dynamic MRI allowed accurate preoperative diagnosis of urinary hydrometrocolpos secondary to ectopic drainage of a small left pelvic kidney, associated with a bicornuate uterus.

Early scrotal exploration in all cases is the investigation and intervention of choice in the acute paediatric scrotum.

The acute scrotum in the paediatric population is a clinical dilemma where a definitive diagnosis can only truly be made at surgical exploration. We postulate that surgical exploration in all cases allows truly accurate diagnoses, treats the torted appendage testes and enables the validity of clinical signs associated with scrotal pathology to be assessed. We retrospectively reviewed all boys less than 15 years old who presented to our institution with scrotal pain over a 2 year period.

Long-term complications following intestinal malrotation and the Ladd's procedure: a 15 year review.

Background: It is accepted that children with volvulus require urgent surgery. However the long term sequelae and late complications of its surgical therapy are less well understood. We hypothesised that the surgical corrected intestinal malrotation have significant long term impact on the patients quality of life.