Single-crystal vs polycrystalline boron-doped diamond anodes: Comparing degradation efficiencies of carbamazepine in electrochemical water treatment.

The ongoing challenge of water pollution by contaminants of emerging concern calls for more effective wastewater treatment to prevent harmful side effects to the environment and human health. To this end, this study explored for the first time the implementation of single-crystal boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes in electrochemical wastewater treatment, which stand out from the conventional polycrystalline BDD morphologies widely reported in the literature. The single-crystal BDD presented a pure diamond (sp) content, whereas the three other investigated polycrystalline BDD electrodes displayed various properties in terms of boron doping, sp/sp content, microstructure, and roughness.

A combined experimental and computational approach to unravel degradation mechanisms in electrochemical wastewater treatment.

Electrochemical wastewater treatment is a promising technique to remove recalcitrant pollutants from wastewater. However, the complexity of elucidating the underlying degradation mechanisms hinders its optimisation not only from a techno-economic perspective, as it is desirable to maximise removal efficiencies at low energy and chemical requirements, but also in environmental terms, as the generation of toxic by-products is an ongoing challenge. In this work, we propose a novel combined experimental and computational approach to (i) estimate the contribution of radical and non-radical mechanisms as well as their synergistic effects during electrochemical oxidation and (ii) identify the optimal conditions that promote specific degradation pathways.

Language acquisition in a post-pandemic context: the impact of measures against COVID-19 on early language development.

Language acquisition is influenced by the quality and quantity of input that language learners receive. In particular, early language development has been said to rely on the acoustic speech stream, as well as on language-related visual information, such as the cues provided by the mouth of interlocutors. Furthermore, children's expressive language skills are also influenced by the variability of interlocutors that provided the input.

Spin-phonon coupling in a double-stranded model of DNA.

We address the electron-spin-phonon coupling in an effective model Hamiltonian for DNA to assess its role in spin transfer involved in the Chiral-Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) effect. The envelope function approach is used to describe semiclassical electron transfer in a tight-binding model of DNA at half filling in the presence of intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. Spin-phonon coupling arises from the orbital-configuration dependence of the spin-orbit interaction.

Underage Problem Gambling: With Whom, Where and Why.

Background: Underage gambling is a widespread phenomenon with its own characteristics that differentiate it from adult gambling. In addition, problem gambling has shown a remarkable prevalence in previous studies. The present study examines underage gambling behaviour, studying its characteristics, as well as motivational and contextual aspects, and estimating the volume of problem gambling and possible moderating variables.

Unlocking the Complete Chloroplast Genome of a Native Tree Species from the Amazon Basin, Capirona (, Rubiaceae), and Its Comparative Analysis with Other Ixoroideae Species.

Capirona ( Benth.) belongs to subfamily Ixoroideae, one of the major lineages in the Rubiaceae family, and is an important timber tree. It originated in the Amazon Basin and has widespread distribution in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Brazil.

A Meta-Analytical Review of Gender-Based School Bullying in Spain.

Unlabelled: School bullying continues to be one of the main challenges for the education community. Current research indicates that Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Transsexual, and other LGBT+ people suffer the highest rates of bullying, while other studies suggest that this bullying does not occur based on the victim's actual sexual orientation or gender identity, but because they do not fit into the traditional gender roles. The aim of the present study was to carry out a meta-analytical study on the prevalence of gender-based bullying against LGBT+ schoolchildren and adolescents in Spain.

Cyberbullies, the Cyberbullied, and Problematic Internet Use: Some Reasonable Similarities.

Background: The spread of the internet and Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) have completely changed society in the last few decades. The transfer of traditional face-to-face bullying to the virtual environment is one of the risks adolescents face in this new reality. The present study sought to explore the relationship between involvement in cyberbullying and behaviours such as internet and mobile usage and other risky online behaviours.

Coherence preservation and electron-phonon interaction in electron transfer in DNA.

We analyze the influence of electron-phonon (e-ph) interaction in a model for electron transfer (ET) processes in DNA in terms of the envelope function approach for spinless electrons. We are specifically concerned with the effect of e-ph interaction on the coherence of the ET process and how to model the interaction of DNA with phonon reservoirs of biological relevance. We assume that the electron bearing orbitals are half filled and derive the physics of e-ph coupling in the vicinity in reciprocal space.

Bullying and Cyberbullying among Students with Cochlear Implants.

Bullying is a significant problem for young people nowadays, regardless of their identity, culture, or background. Although the scientific evidence warns of a greater impact of bullying on vulnerable groups such as cochlear implant (CI) users, few specific studies have been carried out in this regard. As such, the fundamental objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of both traditional bullying and cyberbullying among Spanish adolescents and young people with CI.

Minors and Online Gambling: Prevalence and Related Variables.

Substantial access to the Internet by minors has brought about consequences that are not always positive. The increase of online gambling or betting is one of those. Although in most cases online gambling by minors does not result in a disorder, it does imply a higher probability of developing a gambling disorder in adulthood, and it can cause economic, family, school and social problems.

Clinical and epidemiology evaluation of Aids-infected patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2016 in the Santos region of Brazil.

Introduction: We assessed the clinical-epidemiological profile of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in the Santos region (São Paulo state) with the highest AIDS prevalence in Brazil.

Methods: Information was extracted from records of 409 AIDS-infected patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2016.

Results: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was diagnosed in 24.

Hand Position and Response Assignment Modulate the Activation of the Valence-Space Conceptual Metaphor.

Conceptual metaphor is ubiquitous in language and thought, as we usually reason and talk about abstract concepts in terms of more concrete ones via metaphorical mappings that are hypothesized to arise from our embodied experience. One pervasive example is the conceptual projection of valence onto space, which flexibly recruits the vertical and lateral spatial frames to gain structure (e.g.

Effect of soil storage at 4 °C on the calorespirometric measurements of soil microbial metabolism.

Soil samples must usually be stored for a time between collection and measurements of microbial metabolic properties. However, little is known about the influence of storage conditions on microbial metabolism when studied by calorespirometry. Calorespirometry measures the heat rate and the CO rate of microbial metabolism, where the ratio of heat and CO released, the calorespirometric ratio, informs about the nature of substrates being used by microorganisms.

When Meaning Is Not Enough: Distributional and Semantic Cues to Word Categorization in Child Directed Speech.

One of the most important tasks in first language development is assigning words to their grammatical category. The postulates that, in order to accomplish this task, children are guided by a neat correspondence between semantic and grammatical categories, since nouns typically refer to objects and verbs to actions. It is this correspondence that guides children's initial word categorization.

Calculation of the specific rate of catabolic activity (Ac) from the heat flow rate of soil microbial reactions measured by calorimetry: significance and applications.

The calculation of parameters involved in the kinetics of the microbial soil reactions linked to the carbon cycle is strongly limited by the methodologies employed. Hence, a mathematical model is proposed to quantify easily the specific rate of catabolic activity A(c) by microcalorimetry based on Belaich's model. It permits to quantify A(c) from the plots of the heat flow rate vs.

A combined mass and energy balance to provide bioindicators of soil microbiological quality.

In this work, a method is proposed to quantify the efficiency of carbon utilization by soil microbes. Microcalorimetry was used to compute the heat yield (Y(Q/X)) of six soil samples collected in the Amazon. A combined mass and energy balance is developed to quantify the enthalpy of the glucose oxidation reaction (Delta(r)H(s)) and the biomass yield (Y(X/S)) from the experimental values of Y(Q/X).

Effects of Microfluidizer technology on Bacillus licheniformis spores in ice cream mix.

We studied the effect of Microfluidizer technology (sometimes referred to as "microfluidization"), a new ultra-high pressure homogenization process, on spores of Bacillus licheniformis in ice cream mix. Four batches of pasteurized ice cream mix were preheated to 33, 36, 44, or 50 degrees C, and spores of B. licheniformis were added to yield an inoculum of 2.

Effect of storage temperatures and ingredients on growth of Bacillus cereus in coffee creamers.

Growth of Bacillus cereus ATCC 33018 was evaluated in half and half (10.5% fat), whipping cream (30% fat), and nondairy creamer (7.5% fat).

Short-term stability measures for the evaluation of vocal quality.

The vocal quality of 64 normal subjects and 57 subjects suffering various degrees of glottal cancer was investigated using acoustic measures of six different aspects of the voice signal: tone period perturbation, amplitude perturbation, waveform perturbation, vocal noise, spectral periodicity and spectral distortion. The measures were estimated taking the glottal cycle as temporal reference unit to make the influence of the differences in tone period from one person to another as low as possible. The measures were evaluated with regard to (a) their ability to discriminate between healthy and sick subjects, and (b) their correlation with the perceptual evaluation of four trained listeners.