Multi-omics analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites reveals contrasting profiles in domestic pigs and wild boars across urban environments.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and metabolism. This study explores the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between domestic pigs (DP) and wild boars (WB) in urban environments. We analyzed gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, virome composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in both DP and WB.

Correlation between Circle of Willis configuration and intracranial arterial dolichoectasia, and genetic contributions.

Objectives: Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE) is characterized by the dilation, elongation, and tortuosity of intracranial arteries. We aimed to investigate the association between variations of the Circle of Willis (COW) and IADE in the general population, as well as estimate the genetic correlation between COW variations and IADE.

Methods: A total of 981 individuals from a population-based cohort were included.

Machine learning on longitudinal multi-modal data enables the understanding and prognosis of Alzheimer's disease progression.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex pathophysiological disease. Allowing for heterogeneity, not only in disease manifestations but also in different progression patterns, is critical for developing effective disease models that can be used in clinical and research settings. We introduce a machine learning model for identifying underlying patterns in Alzheimer's disease (AD) trajectory using longitudinal multi-modal data from the ADNI cohort and the AIBL cohort.

Automated diffusion-weighted image analysis along the perivascular space index reveals glymphatic dysfunction in association with brain parenchymal lesions.

Brain glymphatic dysfunction is critical in neurodegenerative processes. While animal studies have provided substantial insights, understandings in humans remains limited. Recent attention has focused on the non-invasive evaluation of brain glymphatic function.

Dynamic Mechanism of Cerebral Venous Disruption: Longitudinal Evidence From a Community-Based Cohort.

Background: This study aims to investigate the temporal and spatial patterns of structural brain injury related to deep medullary veins (DMVs) damage.

Methods And Results: This is a longitudinal analysis of the population-based Shunyi cohort study. Baseline DMVs numbers were identified on susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Association of Rare Variants With Prevalent and Incident Stroke and Dementia in the General Population.

Background: It is uncertain whether rare variants are associated with stroke and dementia in the general population and whether they lead to alterations in cognitive function. This study aims to determine the associations of rare variants with prevalent and incident stroke and dementia, as well as cognitive function changes.

Methods And Results: In the prospective community-based Shunyi Study, a total of 1007 participants were included in the baseline analysis.

Identifying underlying patterns in Alzheimer's disease trajectory: a deep learning approach and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneously progressive neurodegeneration disorder with varied rates of deterioration, either between subjects or within different stages of a certain subject. Estimating the course of AD at early stages has treatment implications. We aimed to analyze disease progression to identify distinct patterns in AD trajectory.

Pattern of Brain Parenchymal Damage Related to Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Carriers of Rare Variants.

Background And Objectives: Previous studies reported that carriers of rare variants comprised more than 10% of the general population and are susceptible to a heavy overall burden of cerebral small vessel disease while the injury patterns remain uncovered. This study aimed to investigate the imaging features in relation to rare variants and the interaction between cortical atrophy and white matter lesions from a longitudinal view, with respect to spatial and dynamic patterns.

Methods: As part of a community-based cohort, we included participants with complete whole-exome sequencing and brain MRI in the baseline analysis.

Research on the spatial correlation and formation mechanism between traditional villages and rural tourism.

In recent years, the survival and development of traditional villages in China have been serious challenges. Rural tourism is regarded as an important way to solve rural problems, and the combination of rural culture and tourism has become a new power point for rural development. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the spatial distribution structure between traditional villages and rural tourism.

White matter and gray matter changes related to cognition in community populations.

Objective: Further studies are needed to improve the understanding of the pathological process underlying cognitive impairments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the global and topographic changes of white matter integrity and cortical structure related to cognitive impairments in a community-based population.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed based on 995 subjects (aged 56.

Association between Anatomical Variations of the Circle of Willis and Covert Vascular Brain Injury in the General Population.

Background And Purpose: The circle of Willis (COW) is a circulatory anastomosis located at the base of the brain. Little is known about the association between covert vascular brain injury and COW configurations in the general population. We explored this relationship in a community-based Chinese sample.

Regional Disruption of White Matter Integrity and Network Connectivity Are Related to Cognition.

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in the elderly population. Exploring patterns of white matter damage at the microstructural level would give important indications for the underlying mechanisms.

Objective: To investigate the spatial patterns of white matter microstructure and structural network alternations in relation to different cognition domainsMethods:Participants from the community-based Shunyi Study were included to investigate the association between white matter measurements and cognition cross-sectionally, via both global and local analysis.

Inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral small vessel disease: a community-based cohort study.

Background And Purpose: Although inflammation has been proposed to be a candidate risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), previous findings remain largely inconclusive and vary according to disease status and study designs. The present study aimed to investigate possible associations between inflammatory biomarkers and MRI markers of CSVD.

Methods: A group of 15 serum inflammatory biomarkers representing a variety of those putatively involved in the inflammatory cascade was grouped and assessed in a cross-sectional study involving 960 stroke-free subjects.

Different Types of Circulatory Inflammatory Biomarkers Associated with Cerebral Arterial Atherosclerosis and Dolichoectasia.

Background: Although inflammation is found to be related to arteriopathy pathogenesis, it is yet to be determined the distinct correlations of specific inflammatory biomarker types contributing to different cerebral large vessel diseases. We aimed to investigate the association between multiple inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral atherosclerosis and dolichoectasia in a community-based sample.

Methods: A total of 960 participants of the Shunyi study were included.

Rates of intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke in China between 2019 and 2020.

Background: In recent years, a series of initiatives have been launched to promote intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in China. We aimed to update the rates of IVT and EVT in China between 2019 and 2020 and to evaluate the current IVT and EVT according to hospital grades.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on patients receiving IVT/EVT were derived from the Bigdata Observatory platform for Stroke of China (BOSC).

Deep medullary veins are associated with widespread brain structural abnormalities.

Our aim is to investigate the association of cerebral deep medullary veins (DMVs) with white matter microstructural integrity and regional brain atrophy in MRI. In a community-based cohort of 979 participants (mean age 55.4 years), DMVs were identified on susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Rare Variants in a Chinese Population-Based Cohort and Its Relationship With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background And Purpose: Researches on rare variants of in the general Chinese population are lacking. This study aims to describe the spectrum of rare variants by whole-exome sequencing in a Chinese community-based cohort and to investigate the association between rare variants and age-related cerebral small vessel disease.

Methods: The cross-sectional study comprised 1065 participants who underwent whole-exome sequencing and brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Proteomic insights into the photosynthetic divergence between bark and leaf chloroplasts in Salix matsudana.

Bark chloroplasts play important roles in carbon balancing by recycling internal stem CO2 into assimilated carbon. The photosynthetic response of bark chloroplasts to interior stem environments has been studied recently in woody plants. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying specific characteristics of bark photosynthesis remain unclear.

Right ventricular systolic function is associated with health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study in community-dwelling populations.

Background: Considerable evidence has been presented that heart and health-related quality of life are directly linked in patients with various diseases. This exploratory study investigated whether cardiac structure and function were associated with health-related quality of life in the general population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in five villages of Shunyi, a suburban district of Beijing, from June 2013 to April 2016.

Arterial Stiffness Is Associated with White Matter Disruption and Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Mechanisms through which arterial stiffness impacts cognitive function are crucial for devising better strategies to prevent cognitive decline.

Objective: To examine the associations of arterial stiffness with white matter integrity and cognition in community dwellings, and to investigate whether white matter injury was the intermediate of the associations between arterial stiffness and cognition.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis on 952 subjects (aged 55.