Synthesis and Evaluation of Aromatic A-Ring 23-Oxavitamin D Analogues as Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors.

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of tumors, and Hh inhibitors have been used as potential chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Vitamin D (VD) and its derivatives have been identified as potent Hh inhibitors. However, the selectivity of VD derivatives to vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the Hh signaling pathway still needs optimization.

Chinese herb pairs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: Compatibility effects, pharmacological potential, clinical efficacy, and molecular mechanisms.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases are pathophysiologically interconnected. In the past, researchers have mainly focused on developing one herbal medicine treatment. Single herb often fails to address the multifactorial pathology of these diseases.

Mechanisms of cuproptosis and its relevance to distinct diseases.

Copper is a trace element required by the organism, but once the level of copper exceeds the threshold, it becomes toxic and even causes death. The underlying mechanisms of copper-induced death are inconclusive, with different studies showing different opinions on the mechanism of copper-induced death. Multiple investigations have shown that copper induces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, nucleolar stress, and proteasome inhibition, all of which can result in cell death.

Mechanisms of Ferritinophagy and Ferroptosis in Diseases.

The discovery of the role of autophagy, particularly the selective form like ferritinophagy, in promoting cells to undergo ferroptosis has inspired us to investigate functional connections between diseases and cell death. Ferroptosis is a novel model of procedural cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammatory response. Based on ferroptosis, the study of ferritinophagy is particularly important.

Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, applications, and quality control of Gastrodia elata Blume: A comprehensive review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata) has a long historical application in Asian countries and its tubers, seeds, and stalks are capable of being utilized for medicine, food, or health care products.

Aim Of The Review: This study aimed to offer a systematic and up-to-date analysis of the current review of the G.

Traditional Applications, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities of DC.: A Comprehensive Review.

DC. (EL) has a long history of traditional use in China to cure coughs, chronic bronchitis, lobar pneumonia, and hypertension. Because of this extensive use of EL in traditional medicine, this present review gives a systematic overview of the conventional applications, phytochemistry, and pharmacological effects of the herb.

The beneficial pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of picroside II: Evidence of its benefits from in vitro and in vivo.

Picrorhiza kurroa, the dried rhizome of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth, is a famous Chinese herb that has been traditionally used in China. Picroside II (PII), a glycoside derivative, is the main bioactive constituent of Picrorhiza kurroa. In the past several decades, bioactive components from Picrorhiza kurroa have attracted the attention of researchers due to their promising therapeutic effects.