Men don't cry: The supporting role as necessary for women's well-being after termination of pregnancy.

Objectives: The present study investigated similarities and differences of grief between men and women as part of the parental couple 1 year after termination of pregnancy (TOP) following a diagnosis of fetal anomaly.

Methods: We applied a method triangulation approach. We assessed several aspects of perinatal grief, depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety as well as health-related quality of life.

Personality functioning and self-disorders in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis, with first-episode psychosis and with borderline personality disorder.

Background: Assessment of personality functioning in different stages of psychotic disorders could provide valuable information on psychopathology, course of illness and treatment planning, but empirical data are sparse.

Aims: To investigate personality functioning and sense of self in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and with first-episode psychosis (FEP) in comparison with a clinical control group of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and healthy controls.

Method: In a cross-sectional design, we investigated personality functioning (Structured Interview of Personality Organization, STIPO; Level of Personality Functioning Scale, LPFS) and disturbances of the basic self (Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience, EASE) in 107 participants, comprising 24 individuals at UHR, 29 individuals with FEP, 27 individuals with BPD and 27 healthy controls.

Termination of pregnancy for fetal malformation: A traumatic event? A qualitative analysis of women's perception.

To investigate women's experience of termination of pregnancy (TOP) for severe fetal malformation.We focus on women's individual perception of psychological counselling on decision making, experiencing the birth process, seeing and holding the baby as well as emotional processing. An explorative study was conducted with 42 women (the age range was between 21 and 45 years [mean 36.

Novel (R)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,n]naphthyridines as potent and selective agonists of the 5-HT receptor.

A series of novel (R)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,n]naphthyridines were identified as potent and selective agonists of the 5-HT receptor. Optimizations performed on a previously reported series of racemic tetrahydroquinoline-based tricyclic amines, delivered an advanced drug lead, (R)-4-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-5H-pyrazino[1,2-a][1,8]naphthyridine, which displayed excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profiles.

Discovery of a lead series of potent benzodiazepine 5-HT receptor agonists with high selectivity in functional and binding assays.

A series of potential new 5-HT receptor scaffolds based on a simplification of the clinically studied, 5-HTR agonist vabicaserin, were designed. An in vivo feeding assay early in our screening process played an instrumental part in the lead identification process, leading us to focus on a 6,5,7-tricyclic scaffold. A subsequent early SAR investigation provided potent agonists of the 5-HT receptor that were highly selective in both functional and binding assays, had good rat PK properties and that significantly reduced acute food intake in the rat.

Personality functioning in anxiety disorders.

Background: The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders as well as the upcoming IDC-11 have established a new focus on diagnosing personality disorders (PD): personality functioning. An impairment of self and interpersonal functioning in these models represents a general diagnostic criterion for a personality disorder. Little is known so far about the impairment of personality functioning in patients with other mental disorders than PD.

Tetrahydroquinoline-based tricyclic amines as potent and selective agonists of the 5-HT receptor.

The syntheses, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and biological activities of tetrahydroquinoline-based tricyclic amines as 5-HT receptor agonists are reported. An early lead containing a highly unique 6,6,7-ring system was optimized for both in vitro potency and selectivity at the related 5-HT receptor. Orally bioactive, potent, and selective 6,6,6-tricyclic 5-HT agonists were identified.

Identification of fused bicyclic heterocycles as potent and selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists for the treatment of insomnia.

A series of fused bicyclic heterocycles was identified as potent and selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists. Optimization of the series resulted in compounds that had improved PK properties, favorable CNS partitioning, good pharmacokinetic properties, and significant improvements on deep sleep (delta power) and sleep consolidation.

Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of phenethylpiperazine amides: selective 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor antagonists for the treatment of insomnia.

Recent developments in sleep research suggest that antagonism of the serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor may improve sleep maintenance insomnia. We herein report the discovery of a series of potent and selective serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists based on a phenethylpiperazine amide core structure. When tested in a rat sleep pharmacology model, these compounds increased both sleep consolidation and deep sleep.

Discovery and structure-activity relationship of 3-methoxy-N-(3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-4-(2-morpholinoethoxy)phenyl)benzamide (APD791): a highly selective 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor inverse agonist for the treatment of arterial thrombosis.

Serotonin, which is stored in platelets and is released during thrombosis, activates platelets via the 5-HT(2A) receptor. 5-HT(2A) receptor inverse agonists thus represent a potential new class of antithrombotic agents. Our medicinal program began with known compounds that displayed binding affinity for the recombinant 5-HT(2A) receptor, but which had poor activity when tested in human plasma platelet inhibition assays.

A new UHV angle encoder for high-resolution synchrotron radiation monochromators.

The high precision of 0.1 arcsec required for the positioning of optical elements in new two-axes monochromators at the undulator beamlines at BESSY II has led to the development of UHV-compatible high-precision angle encoders. Mounted directly on the rotation axes, they provide substantial advantages over measuring systems connected outside the vacuum vessel.

[Dose-volume histogram regression analysis of uveal melanomas after single fraction gamma knife radiosurgery].

Background: To evaluate tumor regression and sequelae in 30 uveal melanomas treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery between 1992 and 1995 at the Gamma Knife center in Graz.

Patients: A total of 30 uveal and ciliary body melanomas were treated with a single fraction of the Gamma Knife. The mean marginal dose was 52.

Long term results of radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas.

Unlabelled: Radiosurgery is either a primary or an adjunct management approach used to treat patients with vestibular schwannomas. The goals are long-term tumour growth control, maintenance of cranial nerve function and prevention of new neurologic deficiencies. We sought to determine long-term outcomes measuring the potential benefits against the neurological risks of radiosurgery.

Radiosurgery of residual and recurrent vestibular schwannomas.

Radiosurgery is either a primary or an adjunctive management approach used to treat patients with vestibular schwannomas. We sought to determine outcomes measuring the potential benefits against the neurological risks in patients who underwent radiosurgery after previous microsurgical subtotal resection or recurrence of the tumour after total resection. Gamma Knife radiosurgery was applied as an adjunctive treatment modality for 86 patients with vestibular schwannomas from April 1992 to August 2001.

[Radiosurgery of recurrent acoustic neurinoma or: the elegant solution of a surgical problem?].

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery has proved to be an effective alternative to microsurgical resection in treatment of acoustic neuroma. Still, microsurgery is considered by many to be the therapy of choice. In case of recurrence microsurgical resection is much more difficult because of scarring and has a higher risk of complications.

The minimally invasive approach to olfactory neuroblastoma: combined endoscopic and stereotactic treatment.

Objectives: To describe a new treatment modality of olfactory neuroblastoma consisting of endoscopic nasal and paranasal sinus surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery.

Study Design: Retrospective review of three patients suffering from olfactory neuroblastoma.

Methods: Review of the charts, the computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging scans, the operation reports, radiosurgical data, and follow-up.

A quality assurance program in stereotactic radiosurgery using the Gamma Knife unit.

Because of the large single-fraction dose in stereotactic radiosurgery it is important to guarantee a high geometric and dosimetric accuracy. The paper represent the quality assurance program for the Gamma Knife unit at the University Clinic of Neurosurgery in Graz. The program includes the following procedures: timer control, mechanical radiation isocenter coincidence, trunnion centricity, helmet microswitches test, radiation output and relative helmet factors, dose profile verification, safety interlocks checks and software quality assurance.

Radiosurgery in lesional epilepsy: brain tumors.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different doses of radiation to the brain tissue immediately adjacent to tumors which were associated with epilepsy. From April 1992 to December 1995, 26 patients with medically intractable tumor epilepsy (mean duration 6.9 years, range: 1-27 years) have been treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS).

Cavernous sinus meningiomas--what is the strategy: upfront or adjuvant gamma knife surgery?

43 patients with meningiomas of the cavernous sinus form the basis of this study. Two patients were treated with microsurgery alone, 17 patients were treated by Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) as a primary treatment modality, and 24 patients underwent a combined treatment of microsurgery followed by GKRS. Therefore, in 17 patients the diagnosis rested on clinical and radiological criteria alone.

Stereotactic radiosurgery of skull base meningiomas.

Between April 1992 and February 1996, 97 patients with skull base meningiomas were treated at our department. The age of these patients ranged from 10 to 80 years. The male/female ratio was 1/2.