E3 ligase RNF128 restricts A. alternata-induced ILC2 activation and type 2 immune response in the murine lung.

Allergic airway inflammation is a universal airway disease induced by inhaling allergens. Published data show that RNF128, an E3 ligase, promotes Th2 activation in the OVA-induced asthma model. Recent advances have shown that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce the cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 to mediate type 2 immune response.

Melanin-concentrating hormone attenuates the hedonic feeding induced by orexin-A in the ventral tegmental area of high-fat diet male mice.

Objective: The ventral tegmental area (VTA), a pivotal hub in the brain's reward circuitry, receives inputs from the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). However, it remains unclear whether melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexin-A (OX-A) neurons in the LHA exert individual or cooperative influence on palatable food consumption in the VTA. This study aims to investigate the modulatory role of MCH and OX-A in hedonic feeding within the VTA of high-fat diet (HFD) mice.

[Nutritional components of main vegetables and fruits in Shanxi Province].

Objective: To analyze the nutritional content of Shanxi's main vegetables and fruits.

Methods: According to the national food safety standards, the nutritional content of 25 vegetables and 38 fruits produced in Shanxi Province from 2018 to 2022 were evaluated for their energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.

Results: The contents of energy and carbohydrate of the vegetable samples from high to low were allium, solanum and tender stems, leaves and cauliflower, respectively, The contents of protein from high to low were allium, tender stems, leaves, cauliflower and solanum; The contents of carotene, vitamin B_1, vitamin B_2 and vitamin E in solanaceous vegetables were the highest, and the contents of vitamin C were the tender stems, leaves and cauliflower vegetables.

Loss of protects against MASLD alone or with alcohol intake by preserving lipid homeostasis.

Background & Aims: Expression of P21, encoded by the gene, has been associated with fibrosis progression in steatotic liver disease (SLD); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the function of CDKN1A in SLD.

Methods: expression levels were evaluated in different patient cohorts with SLD, fibrosis, and advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD).

Exosome applications for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: An update (Review).

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignant neoplasm that typically manifests with subtle clinical manifestations in its early stages and frequently eludes diagnosis until the advanced phases of the disease. The limited therapeutic options available for PDAC significantly contribute to its high mortality rate, highlighting the urgent need for novel biomarkers capable of effectively identifying early clinical manifestations and facilitating precise diagnosis. The pivotal role of cellular exosomes in both the pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions for PDAC has been underscored.

Ultrafast visible fiber laser mode-locked by frequency-shifted feedback of an α-BaTeMoO crystal acousto-optic modulator.

We report the first demonstration, to the best of our knowledge, of visible mode-locked fiber laser using frequency-shifted feedback (FSF) with a visible α-BaTeMoO (α-BTM) crystal acousto-optic modulator (AOM). First, an α-BTM crystal is used as the visible high-quality AOM with a high diffraction efficiency of 85, a fast rise/fall time of 79/98 ns, and a low insertion loss of 0.2 dB at 635 nm.

Exploring the role of Yuxuebi tablet in neuropathic pain with the method of similarity research of drug pharmacological effects based on unsupervised machine learning.

Introduction: Having multiple pharmacological effects is a characteristic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Currently, there is a lack of suitable methods to explore and discover modern diseases suitable for TCM treatment using this characteristic. Unsupervised machine learning technology is an efficient strategy to predict the pharmacological activity of drugs.

CircARAP2 controls sMICA-induced NK cell desensitization by erasing CTCF/PRC2-induced suppression in early endosome marker RAB5A.

Natural killer cells (NK) are the "professional killer" of tumors and play a crucial role in anti-tumor immunotherapy. NK cell desensitization is a key mechanism of tumor immune escape. Dysregulated NKG2D-NKG2DL signaling is a primary driver of this desensitization process.

Krüppel-like factor 12 decreases progestin sensitivity in endometrial cancer by inhibiting the progesterone receptor signaling pathway.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the mechanism by which Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) affects progesterone sensitivity in endometrial cancer (EC) through the progesterone receptor PGR signaling pathway.

Methods: The relationship of KLF12 with PGR in EC patients was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of KLF12 and PGR in EC cell lines was detected by real-time PCR and western blotting. Cell proliferation assay, plate clone formation, cell apoptosis assay, and cell cycle analysis were conducted to determine the impact of KLF12 intervention on progesterone therapy.

The GABAergic pathway from anterior cingulate cortex to lateral hypothalamus area regulates irritable bowel syndrome in mice and its underlying mechanism.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, has a high global prevalence. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is a pivotal region involved in pain processing, should be further investigated regarding its role in the regulation of visceral sensitivity and mental disorders. A C57BL/6J mouse model for IBS was established using chronic acute combining stress (CACS).

Hypoxic tumor microenvironment: Destroyer of natural killer cell function.

In recent years, immunotherapy has made remarkable progress in treating certain tumors and hematological malignancies. However, the efficacy of natural killer (NK) cells, which are an important subset of innate lymphocytes used in anticancer immunotherapy, remains limited. Hypoxia, a critical characteristic of the tumor microenvironment (TME), is involved in tumor development and resistance to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

Regulation of the MCHergic Neural Circuit to Dorsal Raphe Nucleus on Emotion-Related Behaviors and Intestinal Dysfunction in Mice Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea.

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is frequently accompanied by depression and anxiety, resulting in a reduced quality of life and increased medical expenditures. Although psychological factors are known to play an important role in the genesis and development of IBS-D, an understanding of the central neural control of intestinal dysfunction remains elusive. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a gut-brain peptide involved in regulating feeding, sleep-wake rhythms, and emotional states.

The role of ncRNAs in depression.

Depressive disorders have a significant impact on public health, and depression have an unsatisfactory recurrence rate and are challenging to treat. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNAs that do not code protein, which have been shown to be crucial for transcriptional regulation. NcRNAs are important to the onset, progress and treatment of depression because they regulate various physiological functions.

Manufacturing CAR-NK against tumors: Who is the ideal supplier?

Chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer (CAR-NK) cells have emerged as another prominent player in the realm of tumor immunotherapy following CAR-T cells. The unique features of CAR-NK cells make it possible to compensate for deficiencies in CAR-T therapy, such as the complexity of the manufacturing process, clinical adverse events, and solid tumor challenges. To date, CAR-NK products from different allogeneic sources have exhibited remarkable anti-tumor effects on preclinical studies and have gradually been applied in clinical practice.

Xinshubao tablet rescues cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of vascular dementia: Involvement of neurogenesis and neuroinflammation.

Vascular dementia (VaD) represents a severe cognitive dysfunction syndrome closed linked to cardiovascular function. In the present study, we assessed the potential of Xinshubao tablet (XSB), a traditional Chinese prescription widely used for cardiovascular diseases, to mitigate neuropathological damage in a mouse model of VaD and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Our findings revealed that oral administration of XSB rescued the cardiac dysfunction resulting from bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS), improved the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cognitive function, reduced white matter injury, inhibited excessive microglial and astrocytic activation, stimulated hippocampal neurogenesis, and reduced neural apoptosis in the brains of BCAS mice.

Association of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with periodontitis in NHANES 2009-2014: A mixtures approach.

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can invade and cause harm to the human body through various pathways, but there is currently little research on the relationship between mixed-PAHs exposure and periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mixed-urinary PAHs exposure on periodontitis in adults in the United States.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 2749 subjects selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014 cycles.

Integration of single-nucleus RNA sequencing and network disturbance to elucidate crosstalk between multicomponent drugs and trigeminal ganglia cells in migraine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Migraine is caused by hyperactivity of the trigeminovascular system, where trigeminal ganglia (TG) plays an important role. TG is composed of multiple neuronal and non-neuronal cell types, which is related to "neuro-inflammation-vascular" disorder in migraine. Tou Tong Ning capsule (TTNC), a CFDA-approved traditional Chinese medicine for treating migraine, has the characteristics of "multicomponents, multitargets, multipathways".

High-Quality Acousto-Optic Modulators with High Diffraction Efficiency, Polarization Extinction Ratio, and Small Insertion Loss Based on a Novel BaO-TeO -WO Glass.

The Q-switched material and device have attracted extensive attention due to their irreplaceable role in pulsed lasers. In this paper, BaO-TeO -WO glass (BTW glass) with sound velocity and sound attenuation coefficient of 3422 m s and 0.653 dB cm is successfully selected and fabricated as acousto-optic material.

Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (N-RAS) deficiency aggravates liver injury and fibrosis.

Progressive hepatic damage and fibrosis are major features of chronic liver diseases of different etiology, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully defined. N-RAS, a member of the RAS family of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins also encompassing the highly homologous H-RAS and K-RAS isoforms, was previously reported to modulate cell death and renal fibrosis; however, its role in liver damage and fibrogenesis remains unknown. Here, we approached this question by using N-RAS deficient (N-RAS) mice and two experimental models of liver injury and fibrosis, namely carbon tetrachloride (CCl) intoxication and bile duct ligation (BDL).

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and endometrial carcinoma risk: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: We analyzed the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and incident endometrial carcinogenesis, aiming to determine whether the TyG index is a promising predictive biomarker for endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between TyG index and EC incidence and progression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC), as well as the cut-off value of the TyG index for EC incidence.

Natural killer cell therapy targeting cancer stem cells: Old wine in a new bottle.

A small proportion of cancer cells that have stem cell-like properties are known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). They can be used to identify malignant tumor phenotypes and patients with poor prognosis. Targeting these cells has been shown to improve the effectiveness of cancer therapies.

DCABM-TCM: A Database of Constituents Absorbed into the Blood and Metabolites of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) not only maintains the health of Asian people but also provides a great resource of active natural products for modern drug development. Herein, we developed a Database of Constituents Absorbed into the Blood and Metabolites of TCM (DCABM-TCM), the first database systematically collecting blood constituents of TCM prescriptions and herbs, including prototypes and metabolites experimentally detected in the blood, together with the corresponding detailed detection conditions through manual literature mining. The DCABM-TCM has collected 1816 blood constituents with chemical structures of 192 prescriptions and 194 herbs and integrated their related annotations, including physicochemical, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties, and associated targets, pathways, and diseases.