A somatic mutation-derived LncRNA signatures of genomic instability predicts the prognosis and tumor microenvironment immune characters in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive carcinoma with genome instability. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been functionally associated with genomic instability in cancers. However, the identification and prognostic value of lncRNAs related to genome instability have not been explored in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Increased MCL-1 synthesis promotes irradiation-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma radioresistance via regulation of the ROS/AKT loop.

Worldwide, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare head and neck cancer; however, it is a common malignancy in southern China. Radiotherapy is the most important treatment strategy for NPC. However, although radiotherapy is a strong tool to kill cancer cells, paradoxically it also promotes aggressive phenotypes.

Urokinase plasminogen activator predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and its prognosis remains dismal. Hence, it is important to identify the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC. Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), an extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading protease, plays a pivotal role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC.

A Higher Proportion of the EGFR T790M Mutation May Contribute to the Better Survival of Patients with Exon 19 Deletions Compared with Those with L858R.

Introduction: Increasing evidence has demonstrated that exon 19 deletions (Del19) and L858R mutation in EGFR have different prognostic and predictive roles in NSCLC. We aimed to investigate whether these two mutations produced differences in mechanisms of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Methods: Consecutive patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC who acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and underwent postprogression biopsy were enrolled.

Supraclavicular lymph node incisional biopsies have no influence on the prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Supraclavicular lymph node (SCLN) biopsies play an important role in diagnosing and staging lung cancer. However, not all patients with SCLN metastasis can have a complete resection. It is still unknown whether SCLN incisional biopsies affect the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Distribution and prognosis of uncommon metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: According to the literature and our experience, the most common sites of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastases include the brain, bone, liver, adrenal glands, contralateral lung and distant lymph nodes. Metastases to other organs are relatively rare. There have been numerous case reports and a few small case series of uncommon metastases derived from NSCLC.

Predictive and prognostic value of de novo MET expression in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Cellular-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) protein has recently been identified as a novel target that shows promise for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the relationship between de novo MET expression and patient outcomes remains unclear.

Methods: We reviewed the data of patients who had been diagnosed with NSCLC between December 2013 and October 2014.

Multiple primary malignancies involving lung cancer.

Background: The incidence of multiple primary malignancies (MPM) has increased sharply in recent decades. However, the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MPM patients involving lung cancer were not fully elucidated. This retrospective study was designed to explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MPM patients involving lung cancer in the People's Republic of China.

Differences in driver genes between smoking-related and non-smoking-related lung cancer in the Chinese population.

Recently, non-smoking-related lung cancer was classified as an independent disease entity because it is different from tobacco-associated lung cancer. Non-smoking-related lung cancer occurs more often in women than men, and the predominant histological type is adenocarcinoma (ADC) rather than squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the driver gene alterations that have been identified in ADC in never-smokers include epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, KRAS mutations, echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4/anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion, and ROS1 fusion, among others.

Personalized treatment strategies for non-small-cell lung cancer in Chinese patients: the role of crizotinib.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is an oncogene targeted with approved drugs second to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung cancer. Crizotinib was developed and introduced into clinical practice rapidly and successfully after the discovery of ALK rearrangement in non-small-cell lung cancer. Chinese and other Asian patients treated with crizotinib seem to have lower toxicity and higher efficacy compared with other ethnicities.

Clinical trials for lung cancer in China.

Lots of international multi-center clinical trials have been conducted in China over the past 10 years. We also have more and more clinical trials designed and launched by qualified Chinese investigators in recent years, especially after the establishment of the Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG) in 2007. These trials are mainly about targeted drugs.

Reduced chemotherapy sensitivity in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patient with frontline EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a standard first-line treatment for EGFR-mutant patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it remains unclear whether frontline EGFR TKIs affect subsequent chemo-sensitivity in EGFR-mutant patients. This study compared chemo-sensitivity in patients treated with post-TKI chemotherapy and first-line chemotherapy controls.

Prognostic significance of genotype and number of metastatic sites in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: TNM stage remains the most important prognostic factor in clinical practice. The 7th edition lung cancer staging system has not considered some important prognostic factors, such as the number of metastatic organ sites and the molecular biologic characterization.

Patients And Methods: Using driver gene alternation and tumor burden, advanced NSCLC cases were divided into 3 groups: M1-I group, epidermal growth factor (EGFR)-positive and/or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive; MI-II, wild-type EGFR and ALK with intrathoracic metastasis or 1 distant metastatic organ with ≤ 3 metastasis lesions; and MI-III, wild-type EGFR and ALK with 1 distant metastatic organ with > 3 metastasis lesions or multiple metastatic organs.

Novel agents and strategies for overcoming EGFR TKIs resistance.

Since the recognition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a therapeutic target, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been used in lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations, which has been a major breakthrough for lung cancer treatment.. The progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with EGFR mutations treated with EGFR TKIs is significantly prolonged compared with that of patients who underwent standard chemotherapy.