Nifuroxazide suppresses PD-L1 expression and enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effectiveness can be diminished by various factors. The over-expression of PD-L1 has been identified as a critical reason for radiotherapy resistance. Previous studies have demonstrated that nifuroxazide exerts antitumor activity by damaging the Stat3 pathway, but its efficacy against PD-L1 has remained unclear.

Rapid Onsite Visual Detection of Orf Virus Using a Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assay.

Orf is an important zoonotic disease caused by the Orf virus (ORFV) which can cause contagious pustular dermatitis in goats and sheep. Orf is widespread in most sheep-raising countries in the world, causing huge economic losses. Although diagnostic methods for ORFV infection already exist, it is still necessary to develop a time-saving, labor-saving, specific, low-cost and visual diagnostic method for rapid detection of ORFV in the field and application in grassroots laboratories.

Rapid detection of influenza A viruses using a real-time reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay.

Introduction: Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are important pathogens of respiratory infections, causing not only seasonal influenza but also influenza pandemics and posing a global threat to public health. IAVs infection spreads rapidly, widely, and across species, causing huge losses, especially zoonotic IAVs infections that are more harmful. Fast and sensitive detection of IAVs is critical for controlling the spread of this disease.

Real-Time Reverse Transcription Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assay for Rapid Amplification of the Gene of SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 was officially declared a global pandemic disease on 11 March 2020, with severe implications for healthcare systems, economic activity, and human life worldwide. Fast and sensitive amplification of the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acids is critical for controlling the spread of this disease. Here, a real-time reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) assay, targeting conserved positions in the nucleocapsid protein gene (N gene) of SARS-CoV-2, was successfully established for SARS-CoV-2.

Interplay between obesity and aging on myocardial geometry and function: Role of leptin-STAT3-stress signaling.

Background: Uncorrected obesity facilitates premature aging and cardiovascular anomalies. This study examined the interaction between obesity and aging on cardiac remodeling and contractile function.

Methods: Cardiac echocardiographic geometry, function, morphology, intracellular Ca handling, oxidative stress (DHE fluorescence), STAT3 and stress signaling were evaluated in young (3-mo) and old (12- and 18-mo) lean and leptin deficient ob/ob obese mice.

LACTATE IMPAIRS VASCULAR PERMEABILITY BY INHIBITING HSPA12B EXPRESSION VIA GPR81-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN SEPSIS.

Introduction: Sepsis impaired vascular integrity results in multiple organ failure. Circulating lactate level is positively correlated with sepsis-induced mortality. We investigated whether lactate plays a role in causing endothelial barrier dysfunction in sepsis.

Lactate promotes macrophage HMGB1 lactylation, acetylation, and exosomal release in polymicrobial sepsis.

High circulating levels of lactate and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) are associated with the severity and mortality of sepsis. However, it is unclear whether lactate could promote HMGB1 release during sepsis. The present study demonstrated a novel role of lactate in HMGB1 lactylation and acetylation in macrophages during polymicrobial sepsis.

Detection of pseudorabies virus with a real-time recombinase-aided amplification assay.

Pseudorabies (PR) is an acute infectious disease of pigs caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), which has caused great economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. Reliable and timely diagnose is crucial for the surveillance, control and eradication of PR. Here, a real-time fluorescent recombinase-aided amplification (real-time RAA) assay was established to detect PRV.

Lactate Suppresses Macrophage Pro-Inflammatory Response to LPS Stimulation by Inhibition of YAP and NF-κB Activation GPR81-Mediated Signaling.

Recent evidence from cancer research indicates that lactate exerts a suppressive effect on innate immune responses in cancer. This study investigated the mechanisms by which lactate suppresses macrophage pro-inflammatory responses. Macrophages [Raw 264.

Development of a fluorescent probe-based real-time reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for the rapid detection of classical swine fever virus.

Classical swine fever (CSF), which is caused by the CSF virus (CSFV), remains one of the most economically important diseases of the global swine industry. Rapid and reliable detection of CSFV is critical for controlling CSF. In this study, a novel fluorescent probe-based real-time reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (rRT-RAA) assay, targeting a highly conserved position within the 5' non-translated region (5'NTR) among all CSFV genotypes, was developed for the detection of CSFV.

Endothelial cell HSPA12B and yes-associated protein cooperatively regulate angiogenesis following myocardial infarction.

Angiogenesis is essential for cardiac functional recovery after myocardial infarction (MI). HSPA12B is predominately expressed in endothelial cells and required for angiogenesis. Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis.

Novel Role of Endothelial Derived Exosomal HSPA12B in Regulating Macrophage Inflammatory Responses in Polymicrobial Sepsis.

Endothelial cell dysfunction contributes to sepsis induced initiate immune response and the infiltration of immune cells into organs, resulting in organ injury. Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B) is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells. The present study investigated whether endothelial HSPA12B could regulate macrophage pro-inflammatory response during sepsis.

Endothelial HSPA12B Exerts Protection Against Sepsis-Induced Severe Cardiomyopathy via Suppression of Adhesion Molecule Expression by miR-126.

Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B) is predominately expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and has been reported to protect against cardiac dysfunction from endotoxemia or myocardial infarction. This study investigated the mechanisms by which endothelial HSPA12B protects polymicrobial sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Wild-type (WT) and endothelial HSPA12B knockout (HSPA12B) mice were subjected to polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

Two DsbA Proteins Are Important for Pathogenesis.

Bacterial pathogens maintain disulfide bonds for protein stability and functions that are required for pathogenesis. is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes food-borne gastroenteritis and is also an important opportunistic pathogen of aquatic animals. Two genes encoding the disulfide bond formation protein A, DsbA, are predicted to be encoded in the genome.

Cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency of HSPB1 worsens cardiac dysfunction by activating NFκB-mediated leucocyte recruitment after myocardial infarction.

Aims: Inadequate healing after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to heart failure and fatal ventricular rupture, while optimal healing requires timely induction and resolution of inflammation. This study tested the hypothesis that heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1), which limits myocardial inflammation during endotoxemia, modulates wound healing after MI.

Methods And Results: To test this hypothesis, cardiomyocyte-specific HSPB1 knockout (Hspb1-/-) mice were generated using the Cre-LoxP recombination system.

Lactate and Immunosuppression in Sepsis.

Serum lactate levels are traditionally interpreted as a marker of tissue hypoxia and often used clinically as an indicator of severity and outcome of sepsis/septic shock. Interestingly, recent studies involving the effects of tumor-derived lactate suggest that lactate itself may have an immunosuppressive effect in its local environment. This finding adds to the recent advances in immunometabolism that shed light on the importance of metabolism and metabolic intermediates in the regulation of innate immune and inflammatory responses in sepsis.

Enhanced Glycolytic Metabolism Contributes to Cardiac Dysfunction in Polymicrobial Sepsis.

Background: Cardiac dysfunction is present in >40% of sepsis patients and is associated with mortality rates of up to 70%. Recent evidence suggests that glycolytic metabolism plays a critical role in host defense and inflammation. Activation of Toll-like receptors on immune cells can enhance glycolytic metabolism.

Redox pathway sensing bile salts activates virulence gene expression in Vibrio cholerae.

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera, has evolved signal transduction systems to control co-ordinately the expression of virulence determinants. It was previously shown that the presence of the bile salts glycocholate and taurocholate in the small intestine causes dimerization of the transmembrane transcription factor TcpP by inducing intermolecular disulphide bonds in the TcpP periplasmic domain. In this study, they further investigated the mechanism of how taurocholate affects V.

Conserved miR-26b enhances ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis through HAS2-HA-CD44-Caspase-3 pathway by targeting HAS2.

The hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2)-hyaluronic acid (HA)-CD44-Caspase-3 pathway is involved in ovarian granulosa cell (GC) functions in mammals. HAS2 is a key enzyme required for HA synthesis and is the key factor in this pathway. However, the regulation of HAS2 and the HAS2-mediated pathway by microRNAs in GCs is poorly understood.

[Association of mammalian target of rapamycin gene polymorphisms with the risk of pediatric epilepsy].

Objective: To study the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), rs2295080 and rs2536, in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) gene and the susceptibility to pediatric epilepsy.

Methods: A case- control study was performed on 480 children with epilepsy (116 cases of refractory epilepsy) and 503 healthy children. SNP rs2295080 and rs2536 in the mTOR gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction restriction and fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP).

Class III PI3K-mediated prolonged activation of autophagy plays a critical role in the transition of cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy often leads to heart failure. Activation of autophagy has been shown in pathological hypertrophic hearts. Autophagy is regulated positively by Class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).

HSPA12B inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B) is a newly discovered member of the HSP70 protein family. This study investigated the effects of HSPA12B on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the possible mechanisms involved. A HUVECs inflammatory model was induced by LPS.

Taxonomic position of Eothenomys wardi (Arvicolinae: Cricetidae) based on morphological and molecular analyses with a detailed description of the species.

Ward's Red-backed Vole (Eothenomys wardi) is a rodent from the family Cricetidae. This endemic species occurs only in extreme northwestern Yunnan province, China in the Mekong and Salween river divide. It occupies steep cliffs at 2,800 to 4,250 m above sea level on the remote Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.