Ameliorative Effect of Ginsenoside Rc on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Chemotherapeutic Intestinal Mucositis via the PI3K-AKT/NF-κB Signaling Pathway: In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluations.

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat various cancers, which causes intestinal mucositis as a common side effect. Ginsenoside Rc, an active compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties, has protective effects against chemotherapy-induced mucositis caused by 5-Fu. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of Rc on 5-Fu-induced chemotherapy-related mucositis and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Clinical study of two reversible arterial blockade methods in the treatment of scar pregnancy under combined hysterolaparoscopy.

Objective: To assess and compare the clinical efficacy of scar pregnancy debridement by a combination of reversible bilateral uterine and internal iliac artery blockade with hysterolaparoscopy, as a management strategy for cesarean scar pregnancy.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with cesarean scar pregnancy who underwent combined surgical intervention involving hysteroscopy and laparoscopy between May 2020 and February 2024. The study population was divided into two groups based on the type of arterial blockade used: a uterine artery blockade group and an internal iliac artery blockade group.

Observing high dependence of red luminescence on localized symmetry in Mn activated inverse spinel phosphors.

Localized symmetry has been shown to significantly impact the luminescence behavior of Mn ions through the electron-phonon coupling process. Building on this characteristic, three types of inverse spinel structure oxides (MgXO, where X = Ti, Ti/Ge, Ge) doped with Mn were developed, exhibiting strong red emission when exposed to UV and blue light. A thorough examination reveals that the symmetric improvement of the Mn sites within the octahedral environment leads to significant changes in their luminescence behavior, including a suppression of zero-phonon-line (ZPL) emission, a blueshift, and an extension of the luminescence lifetime.

Visualized analysis of microscale rock mechanism research: A bibliometric data mining approach.

Rock mechanics is an indispensable discipline in diverse sectors, from resource retrieval to disaster mitigation. Diving deeper into this field, particularly into microscale rock mechanics, offers strategic insights and potential advancements for rock engineering practice. The objective of this research is to map the scientific production tied to microscale rock mechanics to date.

Evidence of the use of silk by bronze age civilization for sacrificial purposes in the Yangtze River basin of China.

Silk was the driving force behind the opening of the Silk Road, positioning this material as a global commodity that greatly influenced the progress of human civilization. Due to the natural protein properties of silk, the internal structure and external characteristics of silk cultural relics are irreversibly destroyed during the process of burial or when passed down through the generations until the production information and material components completely disappear, making it difficult to obtain direct archaeological evidence for pinpointing the origin of silk. The sacrificial pits at the Sanxingdui archaeologcal site, located in Guanghan, Sichuan, China, have been found with layers of ash above the layers of artifacts and some bronzes with fabric traces.

Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Model-Based Hypothesis Generation for Dose Optimization of Clonidine in Neonates With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

The No-POPPY study (NCT03396588), a double-blind, randomized trial compared morphine with clonidine therapy for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and found that the duration of treatment was similar across groups. This is significant because perinatal use of morphine has the potential for neurodevelopmental consequences. Still, the clonidine group reached symptom stabilization (Finnegan score (FS) < 8) later than the morphine group and had a more significant number of patients who required adjunct therapy.

Endothelial-derived exosomes: A novel therapeutic strategy for LPS-induced myocardial damage with anisodamine.

Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction presents significant challenges in clinical management and is associated with increased mortality. Anisodamine (654-1/-2) has potentials in alleviating cardiac and endothelial impairments associated with sepsis. Exosomes, small vesicles secreted by cells, carry various bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids.

Broad cross neutralizing antibodies against sarbecoviruses generated by SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in humans.

The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 highlight the need for countermeasures to prevent future coronavirus pandemics. Given the unpredictable nature of spillover events, preparing antibodies with broad coronavirus-neutralizing activity is an ideal proactive strategy. Here, we investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination could provide cross-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against zoonotic sarbecoviruses.

Clonidine as Monotherapy for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: A Randomized Trial.

Objective: We sought to determine whether clonidine, a non-opioid α-2-adrenergic agonist, would effectively treat neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

Methods: This was an intention-to-treat randomized clinical trial. Enrollment criteria included prenatal opioid exposure, age ≤7 days, gestational age ≥35 weeks, no other medical condition, and need for pharmacotherapy.

Anisodamine (654-1/654-2) ameliorates septic kidney injury in rats by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis.

Introduction: To investigate the protective effects of anisodamine (654-1/654-2) against acute kidney injury (AKI) in LPS-induced septic shock rats and explore its molecular mechanisms.

Methods: 56 rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: control, LPS, LPS + 654-1, and LPS + 654-2 (1.25, 2.

Pan-cancer integrative analyses dissect the remodeling of endothelial cells in human cancers.

Therapeutics targeting tumor endothelial cells (TECs) have been explored for decades, with only suboptimal efficacy achieved, partly due to an insufficient understanding of the TEC heterogeneity across cancer patients. We integrated single-cell RNA-seq data of 575 cancer patients from 19 solid tumor types, comprehensively charting the TEC phenotypic diversities. Our analyses uncovered underappreciated compositional and functional heterogeneity in TECs from a pan-cancer perspective.

The energy metabolism-promoting effect of aconite is associated with gut microbiota and bile acid receptor TGR5-UCP1 signaling.

Introduction: As a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with hot property, aconite can significantly promote energy metabolism. However, it is unclear whether the gut microbiota and bile acids contribute to the energy metabolism-promoting properties of aconite. The aim of this experiment was to verify whether the energy metabolism-promoting effect of aconite aqueous extract (AA) is related to gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism.

Trajectories of maternal parenting stress and adolescent behavioral symptoms in unmarried families: The role of family immigration status.

Background: Maternal parenting stress during childhood may have important influences on offspring internalizing and externalizing behaviors during adolescence in unmarried households, but it is unclear whether effects differ across different trajectory patterns of maternal parenting stress and for native-born vs. immigrant families.

Methods: Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we identified trajectory patterns of maternal parenting stress from ages 1-9 years using semi-parametric group-based trajectory modeling.

Role of bronchoscopy in the management of patients with suspected or suffering from ventilator-associated pneumonia: A meta-analysis.

Background: The utility of bronchoscopy in the treatment of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been proposed, although prior research has yielded inconclusive findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to examine the impact of bronchoscopy on mortality rates, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) among patients with VAP.

Methods: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies were acquired by conducting a comprehensive search in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases.

Lignin nanoparticles formation by multiscale structure control to regulate morphology and their adsorption, nucleation, and growth on chitin nanofibers.

The lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) synthesis relies on lignin polymers with heterogeneous molecules and properties, which impose significant limitations on the preparation and property regulation. The multiscale structure of lignin from monomers to oligomers, provides a potential pathway for precise regulation of its physical and chemical properties. The study addresses this challenge by employing coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol as monomers and separately utilizing the Zulaufverfaren (ZL) and Zutropfverfaren (ZT) methods to synthesize different types of lignin dehydrogenation polymers (DHPs) including guaiacyl (G)-ZL-DHP, G-ZT-DHP, syringyl (S)-ZL-DHP, and S-ZT-DHP.

Global hotspots and trends in diabetic peripheral neuropathy research from 2011 to 2023.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent disease, and the relevant literature has been increasingly investigated over the past years. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct a scientific and comprehensive DPN research field bibliometric analysis. This study aims to summarize and visualize the literature distribution laws, the research hotspots, and the development trends in DPN using bibliometric methods.

Detection of muscular system adverse reaction signals in sacubitril/valsartan treatment combined with statins.

Objective: To detect muscular system adverse reaction signals of sacubitril/valsartan treatment combined with statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin) to provide a reference for clinical administration.

Methods: Multiplicative and additive models were used to mine the FDA's spontaneous reports database to detect signals of drug-drug interactions between sacubitril/valsartan and statins. SAS 9.

A dual heterostructure enables the stabilization of 1T-rich MoSe for enhanced storage of sodium ions.

Electron injection effectively induces the formation of a 1T-rich phase to address the low conductivity of MoSe. Nevertheless, overcoming the inherent metastability of the 1T phase (particularly during the conversion reactions that entail the decomposition-reconstruction of MoSe and volume expansion) remains a challenge. Guided by DFT results, we designed a composite with bimetal selenides-based heterostructures anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets (G-CuSe@MoSe) to obtain stabilized 1T-rich MoSe and enhanced ion transfer.