An interpretable machine learning method for risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Backgrounds: Risk stratification for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within one year in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a challenge. Although several predictive models based on machine learning have emerged, they are difficult to understand. This study aimed to develop a machine learning prediction model that is easy to understand and trustworthy by lay people to assess the risk of MACE in ACS patients undergoing PCI within one year of the procedure.

Understanding Social Media Information Sharing in Individuals with Depression: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory.

Purpose: How individuals engage with social media can significantly impact their psychological well-being. This study examines the impact of social media interactions on mental health, grounded in the frameworks of the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory. It aims to uncover behavioral differences in information sharing between the general population and individuals with depression, while also elucidating the psychological mechanisms underlying these disparities.

Prognostic value of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and systemic immune-inflammatory index in elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) combined with the Systemic Immunoinflammatory Index (SII) for the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) following percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1202 elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes divided into MACE and non-MACE groups according to whether they had a MACE. The sensitivity analysis utilized advanced machine learning algorithms to preliminarily identify the critical role of GNRI versus SII in predicting MACE risk.

Comparative analysis of four nutritional scores predicting the incidence of MACE in older adults with acute coronary syndromes after PCI.

To determine the most appropriate nutritional assessment tool for predicting the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 1 year in elderly ACS patients undergoing PCI from four nutritional assessment tools including PNI, GNRI, CONUT, and BMI. Consecutive cases diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Air force characteristic medical center from 1 January 2020 to 1 April 2022 were retrospectively collected. The basic clinical characteristics and relevant test and examination indexes were collected uniformly, and the cases were divided into the MACE group (174 cases) and the non-MACE group (372 cases) according to whether a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) had occurred within 1 year.

Evaluation of Different Blood Culture Bottles for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with HIV.

Introduction: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a significant factor contributing to hospitalization and high mortality rates among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive patients. Therefore, the timely detection of this condition is of utmost importance. Blood culture is considered the gold standard for diagnosing BSIs.

Plasma Phage Load is Positively Related to the Immune Checkpoints in Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Microbial Translocation (MT) and altered gut microbiota are involved in immune activation and inflammation, whereas immune checkpoint proteins play an important role in maintaining immune self-tolerance and preventing excessive immune activation.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between plasma phage load and immune homeostasis in people living with HIV(PLWH).

Methods: We recruited 15 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive patients, 23 ART-treated (AT) patients, and 34 Healthy Participants (HP) to explore the relationship between the plasma phage load and immune checkpoint proteins.

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator prevents ischemia/reperfusion induced intestinal apoptosis inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a fatal syndrome that occurs under many clinical scenarios. The apoptosis of intestinal cells caused by ischemia can cause cell damage and provoke systemic dysfunction during reperfusion. However, the mechanism of I/R-induced apoptosis remains unclear.

Anti-arrhythmic and anti-heart failure effects of low-level electrical stimulation on aortic root ventricular ganglionated plexi.

Background: It remains uncertain whether low-level electrical stimulation (LL-ES) of the ventricular ganglionated plexi (GP) improves heart function. This study investigated the anti-arrhythmic and anti-heart failure effects of LL-ES of the aortic root ventricular GP (ARVGP).

Methods: Thirty dogs were divided randomly into control, drug, and LL-ES groups after performing rapid right ventricular pacing to establish a heart failure (HF) model.

Epidemiological features and viral shedding in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

A pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection broke out all over the world; however, epidemiological data and viral shedding in pediatric patients are limited. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study, and followed-up with all children from the families with SARS-CoV-2 infected members in Zhejiang Province, China. All infections were confirmed by testing the SARS-CoV-2 RNA with real-time reverse transcription PCR method, and epidemiological data between children and adults in the same families were compared.

MicroRNA-24-3p Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing RIPK1 Expression in Mice.

Background/aims: This study was developed to investigate a potential therapeutic method for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury involving the promotion of miR-24-3p expression.

Methods: Microarray analysis was used to screen differentially expressed genes in a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury mouse model. Gene set enrichment analysis was utilized to determine vital signaling pathways.

A case report: a heterozygous deletion (2791_2805 del) in exon 18 of the filamin C gene causing filamin C-related myofibrillar myopathies in a Chinese family.

Background: Filamin C-related myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are progressive skeletal myopathies with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The conditions are caused by mutations of the filamin C gene (FLNC) located in the chromosome 7q32-q35 region. Genetic variations in the FLNC gene result in various clinical phenotypes.

Cilostazol suppresses angiotensin II-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.

Patients with essential hypertension undergo endothelial dysfunction, particularly in the conduit arteries. Cilostazol, a type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor, serves a role in the inhibition of platelet aggregation and it is widely used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases. Previous studies have suggested that cilostazol suppresses endothelial dysfunction; however, it remains unknown whether cilostazol protects the endothelial function in essential hypertension.

Low-Level Electrical Stimulation of Aortic Root Ventricular Ganglionated Plexi Attenuates Autonomic Nervous System-Mediated Atrial Fibrillation.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of electrical stimulation of aortic root ventricular ganglionated plexi (GP) on atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility.

Background: The ventricular GP are interconnected with atrial GP to govern heart function, although the effect of ventricular GP modification on control of AF remains unknown.

Methods: Effective refractory periods (ERPs) of test pulmonary veins (PVs) were measured at baseline and during high-level (HL-ES) and low-level (LL-ES) electrical stimulation of the aortic root GP.

The independent role of the aortic root ganglionated plexi in the initiation of atrial fibrillation: An experimental study.

Objective: The major atrial ganglionated plexi (GP) can initiate atrial fibrillation alone without any contribution from the extrinsic cardiac nervous system. However, if stimulation of the ventricular GP, especially the aortic root GP, can provoke atrial fibrillation (AF) alone is unknown. Our study was designed to investigate the independent role of aortic root GP activity in the initiation of AF.

The long-term differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes: an indirect co-culture model.

Background: Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs) can differentiate into cardiomyocytes (CMs) in vitro but the differentiation level from ESCs is low. Here we describe a simple co-culture model by commercially available Millicell™ hanging cell culture inserts to control the long-term differentiation of ESCs into CMs.

Methodology/principal Findings: Mouse ESCs were cultured in hanging drops to form embryoid bodies (EBs) and treated with 0.

High-mobility group box 1 induces calcineurin-mediated cell hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes.

Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In recent years, evidences suggest that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an inflammatory cytokine, participates in cardiac remodeling; however, the involvement of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HMGB1 is sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and to identify the possible mechanisms underlying the hypertrophic response.

Simvastatin inhibits angiotensin II-induced cardiac cell hypertrophy: role of Homer 1a.

1. The scaffolding protein Homer 1a is constitutively expressed in the myocardium, although its function in cardiomyocytes remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate Homer 1a expression in hypertrophic cardiac cells and its role in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Dystrophin: from non-ischemic cardiomyopathy to ischemic cardiomyopathy.

Dystrophin and its associated proteins form a scaffold underneath the cardiomyocyte membrane and connect the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Dystrophin localizes at the X chromosome, whose mutations might result in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy and X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy. In addition to these genetic dilated cardiomyopathies, some acquired dilated cardiomyopathy like viral dilated cardiomyopathy is also related to dystrophin disruption or aberrant cleavage.